[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-648497-105":59,"doc-detail-648497-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","development-of-surfaces-parallel-line-development-lecture-14","Development of surfaces - parallel line development - lecture 14","","Lecture 14 (10/10/2011) explains engineering drawing surface developments as the unfolding of a 3-D object into a flat plane pattern that can be cut and rolled or folded back. It defines true vs approximate development and covers core methods: parallel line, radial line, triangulation, and approximate development. Examples include prisms, cylinders, cones, pyramids, spheres, tetrahedrons, and other polyhedra, emphasizing when stretching or distortion does not occur.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":30,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/technology/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/development-of-surfaces-parallel-line-development-lecture-14/648497/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/development-of-surfaces-parallel-line-development-lecture-14/648497.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Dipper","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-26","2026-10-23",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":14},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is meant by development of a surface in engineering drawing?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"A development is an unfolded (unrolled) flat plane figure of a 3-D object. It represents the true size of each area when it is a true development and can be rolled or folded back to recover the original shape.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What are the main methods of development of surfaces?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The lecture lists Parallel line development, Radial line development, Triangulation development, and Approximate development. Each method constructs the expanded pattern differently depending on the solid or surface.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How does a true development differ from an approximate development?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"A true development has no stretching or distortion, and every surface keeps the same size and shape as the corresponding surface on the 3-D object. In approximate development, stretching or distortion occurs, so the resulting flat surfaces are not the same size and shape.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},648497,1793030477,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":29,"category_name":30,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":14,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},1374404997633,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_a8503ba1806abce46bf441b54a3ca4cd","# ME 111:Engineering Drawing\n\nLecture\\#14(10/10/2011)Development of Surfaceshttp://www.iitg.ernet.in/arindam.dey/me111.htmhttp://www.iitg.ernet.in/rkbc/me111.htmhttp://shilloi.iitg.ernet.in/~psr/Indian Institute of Technology GuwahatiGuwahati-781039  \n## Development of surfaces\n\nA developmentis theunfold/unrolled flat /plane figureof a 3-D object.  \nCalled also a pattern,the plane  \nmay show the true size of each  \narea of the object.  \nWhen the pattern is cut,it can berolled or folded back into theoriginal object.  \nMethods of development of surfaces are:  \nParallel line development  \nRadial line development  \nTriangulation development  \nApproximate development  \nParallel line development uses parallel lines to construct theexpanded pattern of each three-dimensional shape.The methoddivides the surface into a series of parallel lines to determine theshape of a pattern.Example:Prism,Cylinder.  \n(B)Cylinder(A)Prism(Parallel line development)(Parallel line development)  \nRadial line development uses lines radiating from a central point  \nto construct the expanded pattern of each three-dimensional  \nshape.Example:Cone,Pyramid.  \n(D)Cone(Radial line development)  \nTriangulation developments aremade from polyhedrons,single-curved surfaces,and wrappedsurfaces.Example:Tetrahedronand other polyhedrons.  \n(F)Tetrahedron(Triangulation development)  \nIn approximate development,theshapeobtained is onlyapproximate.After joining,thepart is stretched or distorted toobtain the final shape.Example:Sphere.  \n(E)Sphere(Approximate development)  \n(A)Prism(B)Cylinder(C)Pyramid(Parallel line development)(Parallel line development)(Radial line development)(D)Cone(E)Sphere(F)Tetrahedron(Radial line development)(Approximate development)(Triangulation development)  \n## Examples of Developments\n\nA true development is one in which no stretching or distortion of thesurfaces occurs and every surface of the development is the samesize and shape as the corresponding surface on the 3-D object.  \n### e.g.polyhedrons and single curved surfaces\n\nPolyhedrons are composed entirely of plane surfaces that can beflattened true size onto a plane in a connected sequence.  \nSingle curved surfaces are composed of consecutive pairs ofstraight-line elements in the same plane.  \nAn approximate development is one inwhich stretching or distortion occursin the process of creating thedevelopment.  \nThe resulting flat surfaces are not thesame size and shape as thecorresponding surfaces on the 3-Dobject.  \nWrapped surfaces do not produce truedevelopments,  because pairs ofconsecutive straight-line elements donot form a plane.  \nAlso double-curved surfaces,such asa sphere do not produce truedevelopments,because they do notcontain any straight lines.  \n1.  Parallel-line developments aremade from common solids that arecomposed of parallel lateral edgesor elements.  \ne.g.Prisms and cylinders  \nThe cylinder is positioned such that oneelement lies on the development plane.  \nThe cylinder is then unrolled until it is flaton the development plane.  \nThe base and top of the cylinder are circles,with a circumference equal to the length ofthe development.  \nAll elements of the cylinder are parallel and areperpendicular to the base and the top.  \nWhen cylinders are developed,all elements areparallel and any perpendicular section appears as astretch-out line that is perpendicular to the elements.  \n### 2.Radial-line development\n\nRadial-line developments are madefrom figures such as cones andpyramids.  \nIn the development,all the elements ofthe figure become radial lines that havethe vertex as their origin.  \nThe cone is positioned such that one element lies on thedevelopment plane.  \nThe cone is then unrolled until it is flat on the development plane.  \nOne end of all the elements is at the vertex of the cone.The otherends describe a curved line.  \nThe base of the cone is a circle,with a circumference equal to thelength of the curved line.  \n### 3.Triangulation developments:\n\nMade from polyhed","cbCailbUPMuwzjPQ","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCailbUPMuwzjPQ","pdf",2958230,34,"English","# Development of surfaces\n## Examples of Developments","[{\"question\":\"What is meant by development of a surface in engineering drawing?\",\"answer\":\"A development is an unfolded (unrolled) flat plane figure of a 3-D object. It represents the true size of each area when it is a true development and can be rolled or folded back to recover the original shape.\"},{\"question\":\"What are the main methods of development of surfaces?\",\"answer\":\"The lecture lists Parallel line development, Radial line development, Triangulation development, and Approximate development. Each method constructs the expanded pattern differently depending on the solid or surface.\"},{\"question\":\"How does a true development differ from an approximate development?\",\"answer\":\"A true development has no stretching or distortion, and every surface keeps the same size and shape as the corresponding surface on the 3-D object. In approximate development, stretching or distortion occurs, so the resulting flat surfaces are not the same size and shape.\"}]","Development of surfaces - parallel line development - lecture 14 | PDF",1792793771,86]