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This study constructs patient-derived breast cancer culture models using conditional reprogramming for 2D cultures, and embeds the resulting cells into alginate-gelatin methacryloyl hydrogel microspheres to generate 3D cultures for patient-specific drug evaluation.",{"@graph":14,"@context":72},[15,34,55],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/","Research & Report",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/development-of-patient-derived-conditionally-reprogrammed-3d-breast-cancer-culture-models-for-drug-sensitivity-evaluation-abstract/445353/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/development-of-patient-derived-conditionally-reprogrammed-3d-breast-cancer-culture-models-for-drug-sensitivity-evaluation-abstract/445353.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"dawugda","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-05","2026-09-29",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":30},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",{"@type":56,"mainEntity":57},"FAQPage",[58,64,68],{"name":59,"@type":60,"acceptedAnswer":61},"Why are current preclinical models inadequate for breast cancer drug sensitivity prediction?","Question",{"text":62,"@type":63},"They cannot reliably capture patient-to-patient variability driven by tumor heterogeneity, so they fall short of forecasting individual responses to different drugs.","Answer",{"name":65,"@type":60,"acceptedAnswer":66},"How were the patient-derived 2D and 3D breast cancer culture models established?",{"text":67,"@type":63},"Tumor and adjacent tissues were collected during surgery; patient-derived cells were expanded using conditional reprogramming to form 2D models, then embedded into alginate-gelatin methacryloyl hydrogel microspheres to create 3D models.",{"name":69,"@type":60,"acceptedAnswer":70},"What differences were observed between 2D and 3D models in drug-related behaviors?",{"text":71,"@type":63},"Compared with 2D cultures, 3D models showed increased apoptosis, enhanced drug resistance, higher stem-cell marker expression, and greater migration ability, better reflecting in vivo tumor behavior.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":74,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":76,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":78,"site_id":7},445353,1791099409,{"code":4,"msg":81,"data":82},"success",[83,87,91,95,100,105,110,114,119,122,126],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":84,"show_sort_weight":85,"slug":86},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":88,"show_sort_weight":89,"slug":90},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":92,"show_sort_weight":93,"slug":94},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":96,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":97,"show_sort_weight":98,"slug":99},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":101,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":102,"show_sort_weight":103,"slug":104},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":106,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":107,"show_sort_weight":108,"slug":109},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":111,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":112,"slug":113},8,30,"research-report",{"id":115,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":116,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":118},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":117,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":120,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":121},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":123,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":124,"show_sort_weight":123,"slug":125},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":127,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":128,"show_sort_weight":96,"slug":129},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":81,"data":131},{"doc_id":78,"user_id":132,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":111,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":30,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},3985747870947,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_3d24733baf745e90a7e4bdd5f77d97b2","Tech Science Press  \n| Doi:10.32604/or.2025.069902\u003Cbr>ARTICLE |  |\n| --- | --- |\n|  | |\n| Development of Patient-Derived Conditionally Reprogrammed 3D Breast Cancer Culture Models for Drug Sensitivity Evaluation\u003Cbr>Jing Cai1,\\#, Haoyun Zhu1,\\#, Weiling Guo1, Ting Huang1, Pangzhou Chen1,2, Wen Zhou1 and Ziyun Guan1,3, *\u003Cbr>1 Research Institute of Medicine, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Foshan, 528000, China\u003Cbr>2 Department of Breast Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Foshan, 528000, China\u003Cbr>3 Department of Emergency, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Foshan, 528000, China\u003Cbr>*Corresponding Author: Ziyun Guan. Email: [lyguanzy@scut.edu.cn](lyguanzy@scut.edu.cn)\u003Cbr>\\# These authors contributed equally to this work\u003Cbr>Received: 02 July 2025; Accepted: 15 September 2025; Published: 30 December 2025\u003Cbr>ABSTRACT: Background: Therapeutic responses of breast cancer vary among patients and lead to drug resistance and recurrence due to the heterogeneity. Current preclinical models, however, are inadequate for predicting individual patient responses towards different drugs. This study aimed to investigate the patient-derived breast cancer culture models for drug sensitivity evaluations. Methods: Tumor and adjacent tissues from female breast cancer patients were collected during surgery. Patient-derived breast cancer cells were cultured using the conditional reprogramming technique to establish 2D models. The obtained patient-derived conditional reprogramming breast cancer (CRBC) cells were subsequently embedded in alginate-gelatin methacryloyl hydrogel microspheres to form 3D culture models Comparisons between 2D and 3D models were made using immunohistochemistry (tumor markers), MTS assays (cell viability), flow cytometry (apoptosis), transwell assays (migration), and Western blotting (protein expression) . Drug sensitivity tests were conducted to evaluate patient-specific responses to anti-cancer agents. Results: 2D and3D culture models were successfully established using samples from eight patients. The 3D models retained histological and marker characteristics of the original tumors. Compared to 2D cultures, 3D models exhibited increased apoptosis, enhanced drug resistance, elevated stem cell marker expression, and greater migration ability—features more reflective of in vivo tumor behavior. Conclusion: Patient-derived 3D CRBC models effectively mimic the in vivo tumor microenvironment and demonstrate stronger resistance to anti-cancer drugs than 2D models. These hydrogel-based models offer a cost-effective and clinically relevant platform for drug screening and personalized breast cancer treatment.\u003Cbr>KEYWORDS: Patient-derived breast cancer cells; conditional reprogramming; hydrogel microsphere; 3D culture model; drug screening |  |\n\n1 Introduction  \nBreast cancer is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide and the leading cause of cancer-related death among women, with approximately 2.3 million new cases annually [1,2] . It is a global health concern characterized by various molecular subtypes, including Luminal A, Luminal B, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2), and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) [3] . Treatment  \nCopyright © 2026 The Authors. Published by Tech Science Press.  \nThis work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.  \nstrategies are largely guided by hormone receptor status, especially estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and HER-2 [4] . For example, tamoxifen is used for hormone receptor-positive cases [5], while HER2-positive patients are treated with herceptin and docetaxel [6] . TNBC is typically managed with anthracyclines and taxanes [7] . ","cbCaiqDwprkzb3yD","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiqDwprkzb3yD","pdf",56595082,21,"English","# Introduction\n## Patient-derived models and drug response challenges\n## Conditional reprogramming technology for in vitro culture\n# Abstract\n## Background, methods, and comparisons\n## Results and key conclusions","[{\"question\":\"Why are current preclinical models inadequate for breast cancer drug sensitivity prediction?\",\"answer\":\"They cannot reliably capture patient-to-patient variability driven by tumor heterogeneity, so they fall short of forecasting individual responses to different drugs.\"},{\"question\":\"How were the patient-derived 2D and 3D breast cancer culture models established?\",\"answer\":\"Tumor and adjacent tissues were collected during surgery; patient-derived cells were expanded using conditional reprogramming to form 2D models, then embedded into alginate-gelatin methacryloyl hydrogel microspheres to create 3D models.\"},{\"question\":\"What differences were observed between 2D and 3D models in drug-related behaviors?\",\"answer\":\"Compared with 2D cultures, 3D models showed increased apoptosis, enhanced drug resistance, higher stem-cell marker expression, and greater migration ability, better reflecting in vivo tumor behavior.\"}]","Development of Patient-Derived Conditionally Reprogrammed 3D Breast Cancer Culture Models for Drug Sensitivity Evaluation - Abstract | PDF",1790711680,53]