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This study characterizes graphene fluorescent nanoparticles (GFNPs) and evaluates cellular and tissue localization, diagnostic performance, and in vivo behavior. GFNPs show efficient penetration, dual labeling, diagnostic potential in clinical samples, and enable stable delivery of gemcitabine in a GFNPs-GEM formulation that reduces tumor volume with fewer side effects in animal models.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/development-of-dual-diagnostic-therapeutic-nanoformulation-effective-against-pancreatic-cancer-in-animal-model/332473/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/development-of-dual-diagnostic-therapeutic-nanoformulation-effective-against-pancreatic-cancer-in-animal-model/332473.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Theodore","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-05","2026-09-21",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":29},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"Why are erythrocytes and fibroblasts important in pancreatic cancer progression?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"They promote tumor cell growth and invasion by providing nutrients and enhancing immunosuppression. They also contribute to a barrier that restricts chemotherapeutic drug penetration.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How were graphene fluorescent nanoparticles (GFNPs) characterized and assessed?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"GFNPs were analyzed using physicochemical characterization including TEM, elemental analysis, UV fluorescence spectroscopy, and localization via laser confocal microscopy and in vivo imaging. Detection used qualitative and quantitative approaches with HPLC.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What therapeutic advantage did the GFNPs-GEM nanoformulation provide?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The GFNPs-GEM complex showed in vivo stability and effectively reduced tumor volume with fewer side effects compared with untreated conditions.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},332473,1790482597,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":29,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},7971461740886,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_3d24733baf745e90a7e4bdd5f77d97b2","International Journal of Nanomedicine Dovepress  \nopen access to scientific and medical research  \n Open Access Full Text Article ORIGINAL RESEARCH  \nDevelopment of Dual Diagnostic-Therapeutic Nanoformulation Effective Against Pancreatic Cancer in Animal Model  \nYanan Huang 1 , *, Yunfeng Wang2 , *, Tianyu Zheng 1 , *, Shuang Nie 1 , Yanli Wang 3 , Hui Shen 1 , Fengfeng Mo 1  \n1Department of Naval Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Faculty of Navy Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 3International Joint Research Center of Human-Machine Intelligent Collaborative for Tumor Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Hainan Province, Hainan, People’s Republic of China  \n*These authors contributed equally to this work  \nCorrespondence: Yanli Wang; Fengfeng Mo, Email [hyyaoxueyuan2022@163.com](hyyaoxueyuan2022@163.com); [mofengfeng@smmu.edu.cn](mofengfeng@smmu.edu.cn)  \n\n| Purpose: Erythrocytes and fibroblasts in the pancreatic cancer tumor microenvironment promote tumor cell growth and invasion by providing nutrients and promoting immunosuppression. Additionally, they form a barrier against the penetration of chemotherapeutic drugs. Therefore, the search for diversified tumor-targeting materials plays an essential role in solving the above problems. Methods: Physicochemical characterization of Graphene fluorescent nanoparticles (GFNPs) and nanomedicines were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), elemental analyzers and ultraviolet fluorescence (UV/FL) spectrophotometer. Localization of GFNPs in cell and tissue sections imaged with laser confocal microscope, fluorescence scanner and small animal in vivo imager. Qualitative detection and quantitative detection of GFNPs and GFNPs-GEM were performed using High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) .\u003Cbr>Results: Based on the 3 nm average dimensions, GFNPs penetrate vascular endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells, achieve up to label 30% tumor cells and 60% cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) cells, and accurately label mature red blood cells in the tumor microenvironment. In orthotopic transplanted pancreatic cancer models, the fluorescence intensity of GFNPs in tumors showed a positive correlation with the cycle size of tumor development. The differential spatial distribution of GFNPs in three typical clinical pancreatic cancer samples demonstrated their diagnostic potential. To mediate the excellent targeting properties of GFNPs, we synthesized a series of nanomedicines using popular chemotherapeutic drugs, in which complex of GFNPs and gemcitabine (GFNPsGEM) possessed stability in vivo and exhibited effective reduction of tumor volume and fewer side effects.\u003Cbr>Conclusion: GFNPs with multiple targeting tumor microenvironments in pancreatic cancer possess diagnostic efficiency and therapeutic potential.\u003Cbr>Keywords: graphene fluorescent nanoparticles, cancer-associated fibroblasts, pancreatic cancer cells, dual-targeting, chemo-target therapy |\n| --- |\n| Introduction\u003Cbr>Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has the highest mortality rate of all major cancers, with a 5-year mortality rate higher than 92%, and most patients succumb to their disease within the first year.1,2 It is the third leading cause of cancer deaths in both the US and Canada according to the National Cancer Institute and the Canadian Cancer Society, respectively.3 In China, the incidence and mortality rate of pancreatic cancer is also increasing year by year. At present, surgical resection followed by adjuvant chemotherapy is the most favorable therapy for early-stage pancreatic cancer.4 Nevertheless, PDAC is locally invasive and highly metastatic, rendering most patients not suitable for surgery. Alternatively, radiotherapy (RT) has limitations in safely targeting pancreatic cancer.5 |\n\nReceived: 10 April 2024  \nAccepted: 23 August 2024  \nPublished: 6 September 2024  \nInternation","cbCaijT6Fv6M1Zxe","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaijT6Fv6M1Zxe","pdf",20729810,23,"English","# Introduction\n## Purpose\n## Methods\n## Results\n## Conclusion","[{\"question\":\"Why are erythrocytes and fibroblasts important in pancreatic cancer progression?\",\"answer\":\"They promote tumor cell growth and invasion by providing nutrients and enhancing immunosuppression. They also contribute to a barrier that restricts chemotherapeutic drug penetration.\"},{\"question\":\"How were graphene fluorescent nanoparticles (GFNPs) characterized and assessed?\",\"answer\":\"GFNPs were analyzed using physicochemical characterization including TEM, elemental analysis, UV fluorescence spectroscopy, and localization via laser confocal microscopy and in vivo imaging. Detection used qualitative and quantitative approaches with HPLC.\"},{\"question\":\"What therapeutic advantage did the GFNPs-GEM nanoformulation provide?\",\"answer\":\"The GFNPs-GEM complex showed in vivo stability and effectively reduced tumor volume with fewer side effects compared with untreated conditions.\"}]","Development of Dual Diagnostic-Therapeutic Nanoformulation Effective Against Pancreatic Cancer in Animal Model | PDF",1789998365,58]