[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-349549-105":59,"doc-detail-349549-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","developing-immunotherapies-through-glycosylation-reprogramming-to-combat-solid-cancers-review","Developing immunotherapies through glycosylation reprogramming to combat solid cancers - Review","","Developing immunotherapies through glycosylation reprogramming to combat solid cancers reviews how modifying cellular glycosylation can improve cancer immunotherapy against solid tumors. The article addresses why immune checkpoint inhibitors and adoptive cell transfer are more effective in hematological malignancies than in solid cancers, focusing on barriers such as inadequate tumor-specific antigen discovery, limited immune-cell trafficking and infiltration, and tumor microenvironment–driven immunosuppression. It summarizes glycan roles in immune-cell anticancer activity and cancer-cell immunosuppression, and highlights N-glycosylation–inhibitor ex vivo priming of T cells with NK-like properties for solid tumor treatment.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/developing-immunotherapies-through-glycosylation-reprogramming-to-combat-solid-cancers-review/349549/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/developing-immunotherapies-through-glycosylation-reprogramming-to-combat-solid-cancers-review/349549.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"OmBimo","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-09-23","2026-09-22",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":8},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"Why are current immunotherapies less conclusive for solid cancers?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The text explains that solid cancers face obstacles such as difficulty identifying cancer-specific antigens, limited immune-cell trafficking and infiltration, and immunosuppressive effects from the tumor microenvironment.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How does glycosylation relate to immune regulation in cancer immunotherapy?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Glycosylation adds diverse carbohydrate structures (glycans) to cell-surface molecules and regulates stimulatory and inhibitory signaling pathways, making glycosylation pathway modification a logical therapeutic strategy.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What is the focus of optimizing adoptive cell transfer or CAR-T therapy for solid tumors?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The article highlights limitations including tumor infiltration difficulty and insufficient immune-cell survival in an immunosuppressive microenvironment, motivating strategies such as optimizing CAR constructs and developing ex vivo manufacturing approaches.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},349549,1790177641,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":8,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":46,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":31},962090893581,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","TYPE Review  \nPUBLISHED 06 August 2026  \nDOI 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1824624  \nOPEN ACCESS  \nEDITED BY  \nCharalampos Proestos,  \nNational and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece  \nREVIEWED BY  \nDanuta Radzioch, McGill University, Canada Rajesh Kumar Gupta,  \nDr. D. Y. Patil Biotechnology & Bioinformatics Institute, India  \n*CORRESPONDENCE  \nToshihiko Toyofuku  \n [toyofuku@imed3.med.osaka-u.ac.jp](toyofuku@imed3.med.osaka-u.ac.jp)  \nRECEIVED 06 March 2026  \nREVISED 27 June 2026  \nACCEPTED 27 July 2026  \nPUBLISHED 06 August 2026  \nCITATION  \nToyofuku T and Kumanogoh A (2026) Developing immunotherapies through glycosylation reprogramming to combat solid cancers.  \nFront. Immunol. 17:1824624 .  \ndoi: 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1824624  \nCOPYRIGHT  \n© 2026 Toyofuku and Kumanogoh. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) . The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.  \nDeveloping immunotherapies through glycosylation reprogramming to combat solid cancers  \nToshihiko Toyofuku 1* and Atsushi Kumanogoh 2,3,4  \n1 Department of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The Center of Medical Innovation and Translational Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan, 2 Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan, 3 Laboratory of Immunopathology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan, 4 Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan  \nCancer immunotherapies, including immune checkpoint inhibitors and adoptive cell transfer, have shown great efficacy and promise against hematological malignancies. However, the value of these therapies remains inconclusive in the context of solid cancers and is limited by several obstacles, including difficulty in identifying cancer-specific antigens, limited immune cell trafficking and infiltration into tumors, and the immunosuppressive effects of the tumor microenvironment. To further optimize the clinical effects of immunotherapies, many studies have focused on modifying metabolic programs, especially glycosylation, in cells. Glycosylation, which adds a diversity of carbohydrate structures (glycans) to surface molecules on virtually all cells, regulates stimulatory and inhibitory signaling pathways. Therefore, modification of key glycosylation pathways represents a logical approach for the development of new therapeutic strategies for treating solid cancers. We review how specific glycans regulate the anticancer activities of immune cells and immunosuppressive effects of cancer cells in cancer immunotherapy. In addition, we highlight T cells with NK cell properties ex vivo primed by N-glycosylation inhibitor and their advantageous functions for treatments of solid cancers.  \nKEYWORDS  \ncancer, CAR-T cells, immune checkpoint inhibitor, immunotherapy, metabolism  \nIntroduction  \nCancers evade the immune system in many ways in order to survive in the host. The immune system’s role in identifying and eliminating tumor cells has paved way for immunotherapy, a strategy designed to enhance anti-tumor immunity. One such mechanism is the promotion ofT cell exhaustion, marked by the progressive acquisition of inhibitory receptors (1– 3). To overcome T cell exhaustion, blockade of inhibitory receptors by antibodies, so-called immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy, successfully enhances T cell activity against cancer. However, clinical trials have failed to demonstrate the efficacy of this therapy for patients with solid cancers. ","cbCaikUgypT3aEX6","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaikUgypT3aEX6","pdf",2700973,"English","# Introduction\n## Immune checkpoint inhibitors and their limits in solid cancers\n## Adoptive T cell transfer and CAR-T therapy\n## Key barriers in solid tumors and optimization needs","[{\"question\":\"Why are current immunotherapies less conclusive for solid cancers?\",\"answer\":\"The text explains that solid cancers face obstacles such as difficulty identifying cancer-specific antigens, limited immune-cell trafficking and infiltration, and immunosuppressive effects from the tumor microenvironment.\"},{\"question\":\"How does glycosylation relate to immune regulation in cancer immunotherapy?\",\"answer\":\"Glycosylation adds diverse carbohydrate structures (glycans) to cell-surface molecules and regulates stimulatory and inhibitory signaling pathways, making glycosylation pathway modification a logical therapeutic strategy.\"},{\"question\":\"What is the focus of optimizing adoptive cell transfer or CAR-T therapy for solid tumors?\",\"answer\":\"The article highlights limitations including tumor infiltration difficulty and insufficient immune-cell survival in an immunosuppressive microenvironment, motivating strategies such as optimizing CAR constructs and developing ex vivo manufacturing approaches.\"}]","Developing immunotherapies through glycosylation reprogramming to combat solid cancers - Review | PDF",1790084294]