[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-32163":3,"doc-seo-32163":28},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"file_id":15,"file_url":16,"file_type":17,"file_size":18,"view_count":19,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":20,"is_downloadable":20,"audit_status":20,"page_count":21,"language":22,"language_code":23,"table_of_contents":24,"faqs":25,"seo_title":13,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":26,"read_time":27},32163,2336464648322,"Aria","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/2200025388227c56fec?_k=1778556882303663488",8,"Research & Report","Determinants of Whistleblowing Within Government Agencies","Research examines the determinants shaping whistleblowing intention among U.S. federal employees. Building on prior work, the study evaluates perceived personal costs, public service motivation (PSM), education on whistleblowing, organizational support, and organizational protection, while also testing perceived personal costs as a mediator. Using 2010 Merit Principles Survey data, structural equation modeling shows that personal costs reduce whistleblowing intention, whereas PSM and whistleblowing education increase it. Organizational support and protection raise intention by lowering perceived personal costs.","cbCaihwdyrWLM4eb","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaihwdyrWLM4eb","pdf",502716,3,1,23,"English","en","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n## Whistleblowing as a mechanism to prevent corruption\n## Impact of whistleblowing in the private sector\n## Impact of whistleblowing in the public sector","[{\"question\":\"What research question does the study address about whistleblowing?\",\"answer\":\"The study asks which factors influence whistleblowing intention within government agencies.\"},{\"question\":\"Which determinants are tested as influencing whistleblowing intention?\",\"answer\":\"It tests perceived personal costs, public service motivation (PSM), education on whistleblowing, organizational support, and organizational protection.\"},{\"question\":\"How do perceived personal costs mediate whistleblowing intention?\",\"answer\":\"Perceived personal costs mediate relationships among variables; personal costs decrease whistleblowing intention, while organizational support and protection enhance intention by reducing those perceived costs.\"}]",1780952505,58,{"code":4,"msg":29,"data":30},"ok",{"site_id":31,"language":23,"slug":32,"title":13,"keywords":33,"description":14,"schema_data":34,"social_meta":85,"head_meta":87,"extra_data":89,"updated_unix":26},105,"determinants-of-whistleblowing-within-government-agencies","",{"@graph":35,"@context":84},[36,52,67],{"@type":37,"itemListElement":38},"BreadcrumbList",[39,43,47,49],{"item":40,"name":41,"@type":42,"position":20},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":44,"name":45,"@type":42,"position":46},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":48,"name":12,"@type":42,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",{"item":50,"name":13,"@type":42,"position":51},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/determinants-of-whistleblowing-within-government-agencies/32163/",4,{"url":50,"name":13,"@type":53,"author":54,"headline":13,"publisher":56,"fileFormat":59,"description":14,"dateModified":60,"datePublished":61,"encodingFormat":59,"isAccessibleForFree":62,"interactionStatistic":63},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":55},"Person",{"url":40,"name":57,"@type":58},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-06-11","2026-06-08",true,{"@type":64,"interactionType":65,"userInteractionCount":19},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":66},"ViewAction",{"@type":68,"mainEntity":69},"FAQPage",[70,76,80],{"name":71,"@type":72,"acceptedAnswer":73},"What research question does the study address about whistleblowing?","Question",{"text":74,"@type":75},"The study asks which factors influence whistleblowing intention within government agencies.","Answer",{"name":77,"@type":72,"acceptedAnswer":78},"Which determinants are tested as influencing whistleblowing intention?",{"text":79,"@type":75},"It tests perceived personal costs, public service motivation (PSM), education on whistleblowing, organizational support, and organizational protection.",{"name":81,"@type":72,"acceptedAnswer":82},"How do perceived personal costs mediate whistleblowing intention?",{"text":83,"@type":75},"Perceived personal costs mediate relationships among variables; personal costs decrease whistleblowing intention, while organizational support and protection enhance intention by reducing those perceived costs.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":50,"og:type":86,"og:title":13,"og:site_name":57,"og:description":14},"article",{"robots":88,"canonical":50},"index,follow",{"doc_id":7,"site_id":31}]