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It also examines how study habits differ by gender and locale. Data were collected from 1,500 tenth-grade students across 60 schools using the School Climate Student Questionnaire (SCSQ), Study Skills Inventory, and a socio-economic status questionnaire. Student achievement scores came from secondary annual examination results in Punjab. 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The study also explored study habits based on gender and locale basis. The study was conducted on 1500 students of 10th grade from 60 schools. Data were collected through School Climate Student Questionnaire (SCSQ) developed by Dr. Georgia Pashiardis, Study Skills Inventory developed by Dennis H. Congos, and socio-economic status questionnaire. The achievement scores of students were collected from the result Gazette for the secondary schools’ annual examination of concerned Boards of Intermediate and Secondary Education Punjab. Data were analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics. Results showed that parents'socio economic status, school climate and study habits had impact on students' academic achievement. Gender and locale had impact on study habits of students. In the light of findings, it was inferred that the enhancement of school climate and development of good study habits may improve academic achievement of students.  \nKeywords: Socio economic status, school climate, study habits, academic achievement.  \n* Ph. D Scholar, Division of Education, University of Education, Lahore-Pakistan. [Email: nailashakeel1@gmail.com](Email: nailashakeel1@gmail.com)  \n** Assistant Professor (Retd.), Division of Education, University of Education, Lahore-Pakistan.  \n*** Controller of Examinations, University of Education, Lahore  \nIntroduction  \nEducation is the right of every human being. Education helps people in improving their abilities, attitude, confidence, decision making, and ultimately, in attaining a good job. The improvement in human abilities and psychological skills can be achieved through improved student learning. However, a good employment opportunity depends upon quality education. Education systems, in general, focus on the completion of the course rather than the extent of knowledge gained by the students. Teachers don’t behave like facilitators. They often act as tutors whose main target is to complete the syllabus before the deadline; ignoring the fact that the student is unable to digest so much information in such short periods of time which affects the academic achievement of the students. The reason for low academic achievement may also be rooted in family, school or in students' personal traits. Therefore, there is a need to gauge the relationship of the socio-economic status of parents, school climate, and students’ study habits to probe the determinants of students’ academic achievements at the secondary school level.  \nIt is empirical that nations make colossal efforts and spend innumerable resources for enhanced quality education to improve student learning. The government of Pakistan is making efforts to improve the quality of secondary education. However, the results of public examinations at 5th, 8th, 9th, 10th, 11th and 12th levels don’t meet the desired level of expectation after huge investments in the education sector. This dilemma imposes pressure to investigate the root causes of under achievement of students. Research related to the socio-economic status and study habits of students from secondary schools in Pakistan, has not been conducted yet. Akhtar & Niazi (2011) found a gap in the research concerning the relationship of socio-economic status, school climate, students’ academic achievement and study habits of students at the secondary school level in Pakistan and directed future research to be conducted.  \nStudent learning which is directly related to academic achievement is categorized into three major factors: family, institutional, and personal factors. Family factors relate to socio-economic status including parents’ qualifications and occupation, family size, ","cbCaibFwfVu1r1AW","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaibFwfVu1r1AW","pdf",150018,14,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n## Background and problem statement\n## Factors affecting academic achievement\n## Socio-economic status and family environment\n## School climate and institutional factors\n## Personal factors and study habits","[{\"question\":\"What factors does the study examine as determinants of academic achievement?\",\"answer\":\"The study examines socio-economic status, school climate, and study habits of secondary school students as determinants of their academic achievement.\"},{\"question\":\"How were the data and achievement scores collected?\",\"answer\":\"Data were collected using the School Climate Student Questionnaire (SCSQ), Study Skills Inventory, and a socio-economic status questionnaire. Achievement scores were taken from result gazettes for the secondary schools’ annual examinations of the relevant boards in Punjab.\"},{\"question\":\"What do the results indicate about the relationship between these factors and achievement?\",\"answer\":\"Results indicate that parents’ socio-economic status, school climate, and study habits significantly impact students’ academic achievement, while gender and locale influence students’ study habits.\"}]","Determinants of Students' Academic Achievement at Secondary School Level - Abstract | PDF",1792081957,35]