[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-133955-en":3,"doc-seo-133955-105":31,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":92},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":21,"is_downloadable":21,"audit_status":21,"page_count":22,"language":23,"language_code":24,"site_id":25,"html_lang":24,"table_of_contents":26,"faqs":27,"seo_title":28,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":29,"read_time":30},133955,13056703020460,"Valentina","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/be000253dac470eee5d?_k=1778207105932848923",8,"Research & Report","Destiny or Decision - Revealing the Change of the Concept of Ming命 and Its Pedagogical Implications","Chinese philosophy has long debated the unresolved concept of Ming命, initially understood as heaven’s orders and arrangements, then reframed from the Kongzi period toward human agency and life practice. In contemporary contexts, Ming命 becomes a mechanism enabling people to decide how to live rather than follow predetermined natural power. This paper analyzes four historical texts to show shifting meanings and to clarify their pedagogical implications through the pedagogical triangle framework.","Destiny or Decision: Revealing the Change of the Concept of Ming命and Its Pedagogical Implications  \nJia Liu  \nYueling Chen  \nAbstract  \nIn Chinese philosophy, scholars have been discussing a long-standing and unresolved matter (Fan, 2019; Lupke, 2005; Wu, 2009), namely Ming命. Ming, often translated as life, fate, or command, was initially understood as orders and arrangements from heaven (Fan, 2019). However, since the Kongzi (Confucius) period, the focus of Ming命has shifted to people themselves and how they should live their lives. Furthermore, Ming命has been recognized by people as human life as well as the survival of one’s life journey. In the contemporary age, the concept of Ming命has shifted again. It ensures that people, instead of the predetermined power of nature and its kind, have most of the ability to decide how to live their lives. The study of Ming命has thus become one of the essential philosophical fields for Chinese and international thinkers, and academic researchers, to explore the question of heaven and human existence. In this paper, the analysis of four texts throughout Chinese history will serve as a simple reflective example of the difficulties of interpretation, revealing the evolving meaning of the concept and its pedagogical implications.  \nKeywords  \nMing命; contextual meaning; pedagogical implication; transition  \nIntroduction  \nOver thousands of years, different Chinese philosophers have discussed numerous aspects of Ming命(Fan, 2019; Lupke, 2005; Wu, 2009). According to the study of the formation of this concept, Ming命may originate from the beginning of the Western Zhou dynasty (1046 BC to 771 BC) (Wu, 2009) . Generally, Ming命, often translated into life, fate, and command, was initially understood as orders and arrangements from heaven (Fan, 2019) . However, since the Kongzi period, the discussion on Ming命has turned to how people themselves decide how to live their lives. The amount of literature and research on this topic is  \n1 The translation of the four texts is more for readers’reference, whilst the authors interpret the meaning of Ming  \nsubstantial, and these viewpoints and concepts are constantly being reviewed at present, as they have been for several years (Fu, 2006; Liu & Zhang, 2019; Tang, 1999). Nevertheless, little research has been conducted to connect this concept to pedagogy and the pedagogical implications associated with its ever-changing meanings.  \nIn this paper, four texts throughout Chinese history have been selected to indicate the development of this concept’s evolving meanings and its pedagogical implications overtime.1 In the first section, Ming命as the command of heaven will be discussed through“Wei Tian Zhi Ming周颂·维天之命” of “the Book  \n命in the analysis based on their bilingual background and advantage.  \nof Songs诗经.” Kongzi’s (551 BC to 479 BC, often referred to as Confucius in Anglophone countries) viewed Ming命as the coexistence between humans. Heaven will be explored later in “theYanyuan of the Analects论语·颜渊.”  \nFurthermore, a famous classical essay,“Chen Qing Biao陈情表,” will be used to analyze the meaning of Ming命as human life and survival. Finally, we will examine the modern usage of Ming命in Xi Jinping’s report “Never Forget the Original Intention and Remember the Mission 不忘初心,牢记使命.” However, the selection of these texts does not suggest these are the only stamps in time in which the meaning of Ming命 has shifted. As time changes, the cultural and contextual meaning of this notion shifts simultaneously. Accordingly, these texts are chosen as examples to discuss Ming命’s different meanings and pedagogical implications in particular contexts.  \nWhilst dissecting the connection between this concept and pedagogy, and the respective pedagogical implications derived from this notion’s changing meaning, this paper will utilize the framework of the pedagogical triangle (Kenklies, 2019; Lewin, 2018; Friesen & Osguthorpe, 2018) . The framework suggests in the pedagogical process that","cbCaidESXlP4YkbG","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaidESXlP4YkbG","pdf",327254,2,1,14,"English","en",105,"# Introduction\n## The Transitional Concept of Ming命 in Four Texts\n### Ming命 as the Command of Heaven\n### Justification of the Text in the Pedagogical Lens","[{\"question\":\"What does Ming命 mean in its earliest interpretation?\",\"answer\":\"Ming命 was initially understood as orders and arrangements from heaven, often translated as life, fate, or command.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the meaning of Ming命 change after the Kongzi period?\",\"answer\":\"The focus shifts toward people themselves—how humans decide and act in living their lives—rather than heaven’s predetermined arrangements.\"},{\"question\":\"Why does the paper use four historical texts to study Ming命?\",\"answer\":\"The selected texts illustrate how Ming命’s evolving contextual meanings emerge across history and how those changes lead to different pedagogical implications over time.\"}]","Destiny or Decision - Revealing the Change of the Concept of Ming命 and Its Pedagogical Implications | PDF",1787230524,35,{"code":4,"msg":32,"data":33},"ok",{"site_id":25,"language":24,"slug":34,"title":13,"keywords":35,"description":14,"schema_data":36,"social_meta":87,"head_meta":89,"extra_data":91,"updated_unix":29},"destiny-or-decision-revealing-the-change-of-the-concept-of-ming-and-its-pedagogical-implications","",{"@graph":37,"@context":86},[38,54,69],{"@type":39,"itemListElement":40},"BreadcrumbList",[41,45,48,51],{"item":42,"name":43,"@type":44,"position":21},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":46,"name":47,"@type":44,"position":20},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",{"item":49,"name":12,"@type":44,"position":50},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":52,"name":13,"@type":44,"position":53},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/destiny-or-decision-revealing-the-change-of-the-concept-of-ming-and-its-pedagogical-implications/133955/",4,{"url":52,"name":13,"@type":55,"author":56,"headline":13,"publisher":58,"fileFormat":61,"inLanguage":24,"description":14,"dateModified":62,"datePublished":63,"encodingFormat":61,"isAccessibleForFree":64,"interactionStatistic":65},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":57},"Person",{"url":42,"name":59,"@type":60},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-08-26","2026-08-20",true,{"@type":66,"interactionType":67,"userInteractionCount":20},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":68},"ViewAction",{"@type":70,"mainEntity":71},"FAQPage",[72,78,82],{"name":73,"@type":74,"acceptedAnswer":75},"What does Ming命 mean in its earliest interpretation?","Question",{"text":76,"@type":77},"Ming命 was initially understood as orders and arrangements from heaven, often translated as life, fate, or command.","Answer",{"name":79,"@type":74,"acceptedAnswer":80},"How does the meaning of Ming命 change after the Kongzi period?",{"text":81,"@type":77},"The focus shifts toward people themselves—how humans decide and act in living their lives—rather than heaven’s predetermined arrangements.",{"name":83,"@type":74,"acceptedAnswer":84},"Why does the paper use four historical texts to study Ming命?",{"text":85,"@type":77},"The selected texts illustrate how Ming命’s evolving contextual meanings emerge across history and how those changes lead to different pedagogical implications over time.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":52,"og:type":88,"og:title":13,"og:site_name":59,"og:description":14},"article",{"robots":90,"canonical":52},"index,follow",{"doc_id":7,"site_id":25},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":93},[94,98,102,106,111,116,121,124,129,132,136],{"id":21,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":95,"show_sort_weight":96,"slug":97},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":20,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":99,"show_sort_weight":100,"slug":101},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":53,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":103,"show_sort_weight":104,"slug":105},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":107,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":108,"show_sort_weight":109,"slug":110},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":112,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":113,"show_sort_weight":114,"slug":115},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":117,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":118,"show_sort_weight":119,"slug":120},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":11,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":12,"show_sort_weight":122,"slug":123},30,"research-report",{"id":125,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":126,"show_sort_weight":127,"slug":128},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":127,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":130,"show_sort_weight":127,"slug":131},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":133,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":134,"show_sort_weight":133,"slug":135},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":137,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":138,"show_sort_weight":107,"slug":139},19,"General","general"]