[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-seo-664074-105":3,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":80,"doc-detail-664074-en":129},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"ok",{"site_id":7,"language":8,"slug":9,"title":10,"keywords":11,"description":12,"schema_data":13,"social_meta":73,"head_meta":75,"extra_data":77,"updated_unix":79},105,"en","design-of-connections-preface-1-joining-technology","DESIGN OF CONNECTIONS - Preface - 1. Joining Technology","","Focuses on the structural behaviour of aluminium alloy members and their connections, contrasting past design practice that largely borrowed rules from steel. Introduces limit state design methods as a way to describe real non-linear structural response, while emphasizing the need for knowledge of member and connection behaviour. Summarizes research efforts on stability, multiple connection types, and fatigue, and outlines how the book proceeds from joining technology to detailed design of welded, bolted, riveted, and adhesive bonded joints.",{"@graph":14,"@context":72},[15,34,55],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/","Research & Report",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/design-of-connections-preface-1-joining-technology/664074/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":48,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":49,"interactionStatistic":50},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/design-of-connections-preface-1-joining-technology/664074.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"Stanford","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29",true,{"@type":51,"interactionType":52,"userInteractionCount":54},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":53},"ViewAction",5,{"@type":56,"mainEntity":57},"FAQPage",[58,64,68],{"name":59,"@type":60,"acceptedAnswer":61},"Why were aluminium alloy design rules historically based on steel rules?","Question",{"text":62,"@type":63},"Relatively little attention was previously given to the structural behaviour of aluminium alloys, so most design rules for aluminium were adapted from steel practice.","Answer",{"name":65,"@type":60,"acceptedAnswer":66},"What is the role of limit state design in aluminium structures?",{"text":67,"@type":63},"Limit state design methods better describe a structure’s real non-linear behaviour than allowable stress methods, but they require knowledge of the behaviour of members and connections.",{"name":69,"@type":60,"acceptedAnswer":70},"What are the main joining techniques for joints in primary aluminium structures?",{"text":71,"@type":63},"Common techniques include welding, mechanical fastening with bolts and rivets, adhesive bonding, and hybrid connections.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":74,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":76,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":78,"site_id":7},664074,1793238434,{"code":4,"msg":81,"data":82},"success",[83,87,91,95,99,104,109,113,118,121,125],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":84,"show_sort_weight":85,"slug":86},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":88,"show_sort_weight":89,"slug":90},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":92,"show_sort_weight":93,"slug":94},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":54,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":96,"show_sort_weight":97,"slug":98},"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":100,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":101,"show_sort_weight":102,"slug":103},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":105,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":106,"show_sort_weight":107,"slug":108},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":110,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":111,"slug":112},8,30,"research-report",{"id":114,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":115,"show_sort_weight":116,"slug":117},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":116,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":119,"show_sort_weight":116,"slug":120},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":122,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":123,"show_sort_weight":122,"slug":124},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":126,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":127,"show_sort_weight":54,"slug":128},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":81,"data":130},{"doc_id":78,"user_id":131,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":132,"doc_module":4,"category_id":110,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":133,"file_id":134,"file_url":135,"file_type":136,"file_size":137,"view_count":54,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":138,"language":139,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":79,"read_time":143},2336477552062,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_994ba38a5ba835b3df7d355c54d3ed8d","DESIGN OF CONNECTIONS  \nProf. F. Soetens,  \nEindhoven University of Technolgy, Eindhoven, The Netherlands TNO Built Environment & Geosciences, Delft, The Netherlands  \nPREFACE  \nAlthough a lot of research on aluminium alloys has been carried out in the past, relatively little attention has been given to their structural behaviour. Therefore, in the past most design rules for aluminium alloys were based on design rules for steel.  \nApplying similar design rules is permissible since aluminium and steel structures do have very similar structural behaviour. This means in particular the application of limit state design methods which allow a better description of the real, non linear behaviour of a structure than allowable stress methods are capable of.  \nHowever, the use of limit state design methods requires knowledge of the structural behaviour of members and connections. In the past decades quite a number of studies have been carried out to further enlarge the above mentioned knowledge. In particular the joint industry research initiated by Technical Committee 2 “Aluminium Alloy Structures” of the European Convention for Constructional Steelwork should be mentioned here.  \nMain subjects of research have been: stability (global and local stability); connections (bolted, welded, adhesive bonded connections); and last but not least fatigue (in particular fatigue of welded connections) .  \nThe above research effort has resulted in an adequate knowledge of the structural behaviour of aluminium members and connections today. Moreover design rules in national codes have been up-dated, but most important a European code “Eurocode 9: Design of aluminium structures” will be published in 2008, which contains up-to-date design rules for aluminium structures.  \nIn the following chapters attention is given to the state of the art concerning connections. In chapter 1 joining technology is described while in chapter 2 the design of joints is dealt with, in particular the design of welded, bolted, riveted, and adhesive bonded joints.  \n1. JOINING TECHNOLOGY  \n1.1 General  \nWell designed joints are essential to answer the satisfactory performances of a structure. In aluminium frameworks with riveted or bolted gusset plates it has been estimated that the weight of the joints is about 10% of the weight of the structure; in cost terms the ratio is much larger. A significant weight advantage results from the use of welding which reduces the above ratio to about 4% . Welding may also be preferred for general engineering purposes because it simplifies fabrication and assembly, which reduces cost. However where site assembly is required joints with mechanical fasteners – bolts or rivets – may be necessary. Furthermore, such joints provide useful system damping which is virtually absent in continuous welded structures.  \nWhen designing connections it is distinguished between:  \n- joints in primary structures, and  \n- joints in thin-walled structures.  \nIn primary structures typical element thicknesses are larger than 3 mm. Joining techniques applied are:  \n- welding;  \n- mechanical fastening i.e. bolts and rivets;  \n- adhesive bonding;  \n- hybrid connections.  \nSometimes special connections are used such as profile to profile joints, snap joints etc. In addition to the above joining techniques in primary structures for thin-walled structures specific joining techniques are used such a screws,(blind) rivets, and spot welding.  \n1.2 Joints in primary structures  \n1.2.1 Welding  \nWelding is defined as the joining of materials by the use of heat – sometimes force or combining heat and force – with or without a filler metal. The welding of aluminium is widely established and has been developed into an important method of joining.  \nInert gas shielded are welding processes (TIG and MIG) have considerably extended the possibilities for welding aluminium, and are even used in ordinary workshops.  \nAdvantages of welded connections is saving of work and material,","cbCaihxAUuiH8NOX","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaihxAUuiH8NOX","pdf",1601416,37,"English","# Preface\n## 1. Joining Technology\n### 1.1 General\n### 1.2 Joints in primary structures\n#### 1.2.1 Welding","[{\"question\":\"Why were aluminium alloy design rules historically based on steel rules?\",\"answer\":\"Relatively little attention was previously given to the structural behaviour of aluminium alloys, so most design rules for aluminium were adapted from steel practice.\"},{\"question\":\"What is the role of limit state design in aluminium structures?\",\"answer\":\"Limit state design methods better describe a structure’s real non-linear behaviour than allowable stress methods, but they require knowledge of the behaviour of members and connections.\"},{\"question\":\"What are the main joining techniques for joints in primary aluminium structures?\",\"answer\":\"Common techniques include welding, mechanical fastening with bolts and rivets, adhesive bonding, and hybrid connections.\"}]","DESIGN OF CONNECTIONS - Preface - 1. Joining Technology | PDF",93]