[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-599878-105":59,"doc-detail-599878-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","design-from-discard-a-method-to-reduce-uncertainty-in-upcycling-practice","Design from Discard - A method to reduce uncertainty in upcycling practice","","Upcycling offers an effective pathway for municipal solid waste recovery, particularly where unorganized waste management limits conventional options. Because upcycling depends on the quantity and quality of discards and on multiple stakeholders, practitioners face significant uncertainty and cannot rely on standardized industrial methods. Existing design-education related approaches are limited, mainly producing concepts and prototypes. This work identifies key discard and stakeholder requirements, develops a practice-based design education method, and presents an illustrative case from discarded metalized film packaging, concluding with findings and future research directions.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/design-from-discard-a-method-to-reduce-uncertainty-in-upcycling-practice/599878/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/design-from-discard-a-method-to-reduce-uncertainty-in-upcycling-practice/599878.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"PakDamar76","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":24},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"Why does upcycling create uncertainty for design practitioners?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Upcycling is highly customized and depends on the quantity and quality of discards and the involved stakeholders. Each new setup faces contextual challenges that make standardized solutions difficult.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What does the proposed method 'Design from Discard' help participants do?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"It helps participants study discard characteristics, conceptualize designs according to identified stakeholder(s), and develop upcycled designs accordingly.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What evidence does the work provide to explain the method?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The method is explained using an illustrative case where design practitioners conceive a new design from contextually discarded metalized film packaging.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},599878,1792499942,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":24,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},962090893057,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","Design from Discard: A method to reduce uncertainty in upcycling practice  \nAmaltas Khan & Puneet Tandon: PDPM Indian Institute of Information Technology, Design and Manufacturing, Jabalpur  \nAbstract  \nUpcycling is a suitable option for municipal solid waste recovery, especially, in the unorganized waste management scenario(s), where conventional waste recovery options are not efficient. Unlike standardized industrial manufacturing, upcycling is highly dependent on the quantity and quality of discards, and the involved stakeholders. Novel designs are required to suit varying considerations of every new upcycling set-up, and practitioners face uncertainty to parallel handle the variety and develop a design solution. A very few available design education based  \nmethods involve and guide design practitioners to handle the challenges in their case  \nbased upcycling practice. However, these research studies are the first attempts to practice upcycling in an academic environment, and the results were limited to concepts and  \nprototypes. This work categorically identifies the vital requirements regarding discard and stakeholders, discuss the theoretical foundation to handle the variety, and develop a practicebased design education method for upcycling practice. We propose a method-Design from Discard, to facilitate the participants to study the characteristics of discards, conceptualize a design as per the identified stakeholder(s), and accordingly develop upcycled designs. The method is explaining with an illustrative case where the design practitioner(s) conceive a new design  \nfrom contextually discarded metalized film packaging. Finally, findings and research directions are addressed to bring new insights to the effective application of the proposed method as per diverse upcycling requirements.  \nKey words  \nupcycling packaging waste; practice-based design method; design from discards  \nIntroduction  \nUpcycling is an activity that utilises the limited affordance of the discarded products to develop anew product (or material) of comparatively better value (McDonough & Braungart, 2013) . Upcycling  \nactivities have proved to be effective in delaying waste disposal (Singh & Ordoñez, 2016), eliminating the need for new products, enhancing the aesthetic value (Sung & Cooper, 2015; Wilson, 2016), and consuming less energy in material circulation as compared to recycling (Nilakantan & Nutt, 2015) . Particularly, in the case of developing and underdeveloped countries, upcycling is a suitable option to discard recovery (Slotegraaf, 2012), where the other waste management techniques, such as recycling, biodegradation, landfilling, incineration, etc., are not efficient irrespective of latest technological interventions due to system and service level limitations (Guerrero, Maas, & Hogland, 2012; Hoornweg & Bhada-Tata, 2012) .  \nAt the individual level, renowned designers, ordinary individuals, and even marginalised communities with limited knowledge have developed upcycled products (Radjou, Prabhu, & Ahuja, 2012; Sung, Cooper, & Kettley, 2014), creating interest and trends towards upcycling. Along with organisations like TerraCycle in the United States (Li, 2014), organizations like ‘Spiral foundation’ in Nepal (Spiral Foundation, 2016), ‘Taller Re_crear’ in Chile (Re_crear, 2016), ‘Waste for Life’ in Argentina (Baillie & Feinblatt, 2010), and many other initiatives (Hira, 2017), provide substantial evidence on unique models to support discard recovery through upcycling. Despite the scope and participation of individual and organizational design interventions, upcycling interventions struggle to handle the contextual challenges in upcycling (Han et al., 2017; Sung, 2015) .  \nUnlike the industrial design process, where standardisation leads to mass production, upcycling is a highly customised activity. Every new upcycled design is highly dependent on the regional waste management sites to consistently supply the unattended discards, to th","cbCaie09HhPhY6Le","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaie09HhPhY6Le","pdf",1435924,28,"English","# Abstract\n# Key words\n# Introduction\n## Upcycling as waste recovery and its limitations\n## Role of stakeholders and contextual constraints\n## Need for design research support in education\n## Proposed method and illustrative case","[{\"question\":\"Why does upcycling create uncertainty for design practitioners?\",\"answer\":\"Upcycling is highly customized and depends on the quantity and quality of discards and the involved stakeholders. Each new setup faces contextual challenges that make standardized solutions difficult.\"},{\"question\":\"What does the proposed method 'Design from Discard' help participants do?\",\"answer\":\"It helps participants study discard characteristics, conceptualize designs according to identified stakeholder(s), and develop upcycled designs accordingly.\"},{\"question\":\"What evidence does the work provide to explain the method?\",\"answer\":\"The method is explained using an illustrative case where design practitioners conceive a new design from contextually discarded metalized film packaging.\"}]","Design from Discard - A method to reduce uncertainty in upcycling practice | PDF",1792089611,71]