[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-600147-105":59,"doc-detail-600147-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","design-empathy-in-students-participatory-design-processes","Design Empathy in Students’ Participatory Design Processes","","Exploratory case study examining empathy in students’ participatory design processes through a three-month co-design and making project for 14–15-year-olds. Students were asked to design and produce an e-textile product for kindergarteners based on their wishes and needs. Analysis of 72 end-user-related design episodes from two student teams identified signs and dimensions of empathy in discussions and considerations. Findings show empathic design as multiple concrete and abstract ways of acknowledging end users, enabling end-user-friendly meaningful products and reflective (digital) design engagement.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/design-empathy-in-students-participatory-design-processes/600147/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/design-empathy-in-students-participatory-design-processes/600147.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"nayy☆","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-22","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":24},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What research question does the study address?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The study asks what design aspects students considered during end-user-related episodes and how design empathy manifested in those episodes.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How was the participatory design project organized?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"A three-month participatory design project assigned to 14–15-year-old students focused on co-designing and making an e-textile product for kindergarteners according to their wishes and needs.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What evidence did the researchers use to identify empathy?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"They examined 72 end-user-related design episodes, analyzing students’ end-user-related considerations and different signs and dimensions of empathy in their discussions.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},600147,1792171346,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":24,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":46,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":31},962090893153,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_9964176cb1d06d4a9deccf72a44ae3dc","Design Empathy in Students’ Participatory Design Processes  \nNoora Bosch, University of Helsinki, Finland Tellervo Härkki, University of Helsinki, Finland  \nPirita Seitamaa-Hakkarainen, University of Helsinki, Finland  \nAbstract  \nIn this exploratory case study, we focus on empathy, an important aspect of contemporary design practices. We aim to explore how design empathy manifested in students’ design processes. A three-month participatory design project was created and assigned to students (aged 14–15), with the following brief: ‘co-design and make an e-textile product for kindergarteners according to their wishes and needs’. We examined 72 end-user-related design episodes from two student teams (six students in total), analysing students’ end-user-related considerations, as well as different signs and dimensions of empathy. Our findings indicate that the students considered, discussed and referred to topics concerning end users during the process. Signs and dimensions of empathy were found in the various end-user-related discussions and empathetic considerations, through which end-user-friendly design products materialised. We conclude that students could practise empathic design by acknowledging end users in multiple concrete and abstract ways and designing and manufacturing meaningful products for end users. This offers new opportunities for engaging students in reflective (digital) design and making, targeting design-literate citizens in the 21st century. However, this novel field requires further studies in educational contexts other than higher education, which currently has the best research coverage.  \nKeywords  \nEmpathy, design thinking, participatory design, maker education, STEAM, 21st-century skills  \nIntroduction  \nOver the past few decades, the focus of design has been shifting to more participatory, collaborative and context-driven (i.e., human-centred) approaches (Kouprie & Sleeswijk Visser, 2009; Sanders & Stappers, 2008) . Empathy is one of the core attributes of designers in the future design, as it enables connecting with people and communities, and through this, design and generate meaningful design solutions (artefacts, services and experiences) (Tellez & Gonzalez-Tobon, 2019) . Dindler and colleagues (2020) argue that participatory design (PD) has a lot to offer in engaging and empowering students in the process of designing, making, and learning with and about new technology and how it affects the world around them (see also DiSalvo & DiSalvo, 2014; Iivari, 2020) . In PD, the design is a social and collaborative process among diverse stakeholders, and ideas must be explored in a hands-on way and tried out early in the design process, emphasising human centredness and empathy (Bjögvinsson et al., 2012) .  \nResearch with a focus on empathic or human-centred design at primary and secondary education levels is still limited (Klapwijk & Van Doorn, 2015) . Earlier studies with such a focus (notably in the Netherlands and England) mainly concentrate on developing and analysing  \nmethods to facilitate empathic and human-centred design (see e.g., Demetriou & Nicholl, 2021; Klapwijk & Van Doorn, 2015; Van Mechelen et al., 2018) . In the US, Goldman and Kabayadondo (2016) and Noel and Lu Liu (2017) have promoted empathy building through the methods of design thinking, and Clapp et al. (2016) have discussed its relation to community-based maker education.  \nEmpathy in design involves interrelated cognitive processes and affective experiences (Kouprie & Sleeswijk Visser, 2009) . We define empathy based on Cotton’s (2001, pp. 10) review: ‘(1) the affective capacity to share in another’s feelings, (2) the cognitive ability to understand another’s feelings and perspective, and (3) the ability to communicate one’s empathic feelings and understandings to another by verbal and/or non-verbal means’. As empathy and empathic formation can be developed (Cotton, 2001; Singer & Lamm, 2009), we explored the possibilities of us","cbCaivHOnEx4N8K0","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaivHOnEx4N8K0","pdf",498373,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n# Empathy in Design","[{\"question\":\"What research question does the study address?\",\"answer\":\"The study asks what design aspects students considered during end-user-related episodes and how design empathy manifested in those episodes.\"},{\"question\":\"How was the participatory design project organized?\",\"answer\":\"A three-month participatory design project assigned to 14–15-year-old students focused on co-designing and making an e-textile product for kindergarteners according to their wishes and needs.\"},{\"question\":\"What evidence did the researchers use to identify empathy?\",\"answer\":\"They examined 72 end-user-related design episodes, analyzing students’ end-user-related considerations and different signs and dimensions of empathy in their discussions.\"}]","Design Empathy in Students’ Participatory Design Processes | PDF",1792090121]