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This preliminary study assessed lipid metabolism across adipose depots in pregnant women by measuring lipolysis rates, adipocyte size, and hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) gene expression. Adipose tissue was collected from superficial and deep subcutaneous depots and visceral depot during elective caesarean sections and analyzed ex vivo. Deep subcutaneous adipose tissue showed the highest metabolic activity, especially in normal-weight/overweight and overweight participants.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/deep-subcutaneous-adipose-tissue-is-the-most-metabolically-active-adipose-depot-in-pregnant-women-a-preliminary-study-by-ex-vivo-analysis/452090/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/deep-subcutaneous-adipose-tissue-is-the-most-metabolically-active-adipose-depot-in-pregnant-women-a-preliminary-study-by-ex-vivo-analysis/452090.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Well Done","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-09-30",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":39},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What was the main objective of this preliminary study?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"To understand adipose tissue lipid metabolism in pregnant women by examining lipolysis rate, adipocyte size, and HSL gene expression across different adipose depots.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How were adipose tissue samples collected and analyzed?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Approximately 4 g of adipose tissue was collected from 11 pregnant women during elective caesarean sections. Samples were taken from superficial subcutaneous AT, deep subcutaneous AT, and visceral AT, with lipolysis quantified after isoproterenol stimulation and HSL expression measured by real-time PCR.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"Which adipose depot was most metabolically active and in whom?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Deep subcutaneous adipose tissue (dSAT) was the most metabolically active depot, particularly in normal-weight/overweight and overweight pregnant women, based on baseline and stimulated lipolysis patterns and related metabolic indicators.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},452090,1790791436,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":39,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},5909892210082,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/56001069da27c9f41e8?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1789614185077863061","SPSM etal. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth (2026) 26:29  \n[https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-025-08522-y](https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-025-08522-y)  \nBMC Pregnancy and Childbirth  \nRESEARCH Open Access  \nDeep subcutaneous adipose tissue is the most metabolically active adipose depot in pregnant women-a preliminary study by ex-vivo analysis  \nSilva SPSM 1, Chandrasekaran NV2^, Senanayake H3 and Thoradeniya ST1*  \nAbstract  \nBackground/objectives Maternal obesity confers metabolic risk to both the mother and the offspring. The  \nlipid metabolism of adipose tissue is directly linked to these metabolic consequences. This study aimed to better understand adipose tissue lipid metabolism in pregnant women by investigating the rate of lipolysis, adipocyte size, and the expression of the hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) enzyme in different adipose depots.  \nSubjects/methods Approximately 4 g of adipose tissue (AT) was collected from each of 11 pregnant women (total samples, n = 33) during elective caesarean sections. Samples were obtained from superficial subcutaneous AT (sSAT), deep subcutaneous AT (dSAT), and visceral AT (VAT) . Adipocytes were isolated by collagenase digestion. Cell size was measured using a fluorescent microscope and ImageJ software. Lipolysis was quantified via glycerol release (adjusted for cell number) using a commercial assay at baseline and after 60 min of isoproterenol stimulation. Total RNA extracted from AT was reverse transcribed to cDNA, and HSL gene expression relative to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) was quantified by real-time PCR.  \nResults Results were analyzed by categorizing the pregnant women into 3 groups as Normal weight (NW), Normal weight/Overweight (NW/OW) and Overweight (OW), considering the South Asian and Global body mass index (BMI) cut-off values. In NW/OW pregnant women group, the baseline lipolysis was significantly higher in dSAT compared to sSAT (P = 0 . 05) and VAT (P = 0 . 03) and was closer to stimulated lipolysis rates in both sSAT andVAT at 60 min in the same group, and to the baseline lipolysis of dSAT of overweight women.  \nConclusion Deep subcutaneous adipose tissue (dSAT) was the most metabolically active depot in NW/OW and OW pregnant women. A preferable understanding of the distribution and metabolism of adipose tissue is important for prevention and control of maternal obesity related consequences.  \nKeywords Deep subcutaneous adipose tissue (dSAT), Hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) gene, Maternal obesity, Normal weight pregnant women, Overweight pregnant women  \n*Correspondence: Thoradeniya ST [tharanga@bmb.cmb.ac.lk](tharanga@bmb.cmb.ac.lk)  \n1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka  \n2Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka  \n3Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka  \n© The Author(s) 2025. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License, which permits any non-commercial use, sharing, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if you modified the licensed material. You do not have permission under this licence to share adapted material derived from this article or parts of it. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit [http://creati](http://creati)[veco","cbCainpItddbfZpW","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCainpItddbfZpW","pdf",1674997,11,"English","# Abstract\n## Background/objectives\n## Subjects/methods\n## Results\n## Conclusion\n# Background","[{\"question\":\"What was the main objective of this preliminary study?\",\"answer\":\"To understand adipose tissue lipid metabolism in pregnant women by examining lipolysis rate, adipocyte size, and HSL gene expression across different adipose depots.\"},{\"question\":\"How were adipose tissue samples collected and analyzed?\",\"answer\":\"Approximately 4 g of adipose tissue was collected from 11 pregnant women during elective caesarean sections. Samples were taken from superficial subcutaneous AT, deep subcutaneous AT, and visceral AT, with lipolysis quantified after isoproterenol stimulation and HSL expression measured by real-time PCR.\"},{\"question\":\"Which adipose depot was most metabolically active and in whom?\",\"answer\":\"Deep subcutaneous adipose tissue (dSAT) was the most metabolically active depot, particularly in normal-weight/overweight and overweight pregnant women, based on baseline and stimulated lipolysis patterns and related metabolic indicators.\"}]","Deep subcutaneous adipose tissue is the most metabolically active adipose depot in pregnant women - a preliminary study by ex-vivo analysis | PDF",1790736458,28]