[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-602971-105":59,"doc-detail-602971-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","declaring-war-on-covid-19-how-chinese-government-and-educators-act","DECLARING WAR ON COVID-19 - HOW CHINESE GOVERNMENT AND EDUCATORS ACT","","The paper examines how the Chinese Government and educators responded to COVID-19 to keep learning going while schools closed. Drawing on the latest governmental reports, major media coverage, and recent journal articles, it reviews the toughest period’s challenges and immediate actions by government and education stakeholders. It also describes a Post-COVID-19 Plan aimed at restoring normal schooling, highlighting implications for educational planning worldwide.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/declaring-war-on-covid-19-how-chinese-government-and-educators-act/602971/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/declaring-war-on-covid-19-how-chinese-government-and-educators-act/602971.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"MrHarris58","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-17","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":8},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What was the key education policy used during the early COVID-19 school closures in China?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The Chinese Ministry of Education announced an emergency policy of “Suspending Classes without Stopping Learning,” directing institutions to close campuses while continuing teaching activities.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How did the Chinese Government coordinate COVID-19 epidemic prevention and education planning?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"A leading group established by the Central Committee worked with the State Council to build a unified command system and a joint prevention and control mechanism, using risk ratings to adjust emergency responses and education plans.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What main challenges did online teaching face during campus closures?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Educators encountered weaknesses in online infrastructure, teacher inexperience, shortages of online resources and team capacity, and difficult home learning environments.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},602971,1792210810,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":8,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},687212988360,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","DECLARING WAR ON COVID-19:  \nHOW CHINESE GOVERNMENT AND EDUCATORS ACT  \nDONGMEI LI  \nUniversity of Wisconsin – Milwaukee, U.S.A.  \nTAK CHEUNG CHAN  \nKennesaw State University, U.S.A.  \nABSTRACT  \nThe purpose of thispaper is to highlight the joint effort of the Chinese Government and the educatorsin reacting to the threat of COVID-19 in China to keep learning continue while schools close. The sources of data in this paper are from the most current reports of the Chinese Government, newspapers, televisions and the latest publishedjournal articles. These reports cover the challenges, the immediate actions of the Government and the stakeholders during the toughest COVID-19 period in China. The paper also includes the Post COVID-19 Plan of the Chinese Government to bring normal learning back after the pandemic. The courageous acts of the Chinese Government and the educators to save Chinese education during the pandemic have significant implications to educational planning worldwide.  \nOVERVIEW  \nCoronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) as a pandemic disease was detected in China in December 2019 and then it started to spread fast around China. The Chinese Government has taken drastic measures to act on it by closing communities, businesses and schools to prevent its widespread. The Chinese Ministry of Education announced promptly soon after the COVID-19 outbreak the emergency policy of ‘Suspending Classes without Stopping Learning’(McAleer, 2020; Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, 2020a; Wang et al., 2020; Yue et al., 2020) . Educational institutions have been directed to close their campuses after the winter break because of health threatening issues but to continue their teaching activities. Following the directions of the Chinese Ministry of Education, the administrators and faculty of schools and higher education institutions have taken the initiative to contribute to this pandemic fighting effort by providing quality education to all students despite campus closing (Zhang et al., 2020) . This paper reports on the effort of the Chinese government and educators in confronting the pandemic challenges, their determination to overcome difficulties and their far-sighted plans to adjust to the post-pandemic period.  \nFACILITATION OF SCHOOL AND UNIVERSITY ACTION  \nFor years, the degree of trust and coordination between government and educational institutions in China has remained high in comparison with many other international systems. (Edelman Trust Barometer, 2012; Kim, 2016) . In major public crises, the Chinese Government has assumed a responsible role and taken advantages of its centralized and unified leadership. In January, 2020, the Chinese Government Central Committee formally established a leading group on COVID-19 to act as its core to comprehensively coordinate the epidemic prevention and control work. The leading group, headed by the Central Committee, is comprised of designated representatives from the major government departments. In the epidemic crisis, the Central Committee has made timely decisions to implement efficient and effective measures by building a unified command system.  \nEducational Planning Summer 2021 9 Vol. 28, No. 3  \nThe Central Committee worked closely with the State Council in establishing a joint prevention and control mechanism to coordinate the various government departments. Government entities at all levels carried out control strategies, on the basis of population, incidence, and epidemic risk ratings to adjust the risk level of emergency responses and education plans. Education systems at all levels have established a public information communication network to publicize timely information of public concerns (Xue and Li, 2020; Yi et al., 2020; Zheng et al., 2020) . In higher education, Chinese universities were able to act quickly and responsibly because the Chinese higher education governance is not under the ‘audit culture’ that will limit the university authority in the ","cbCailfLsRdZRvJ2","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCailfLsRdZRvJ2","pdf",148687,11,"English","# Overview\n# Facilitation of School and University Action\n# Online Teaching Difficulties/Challenges\n## The Weakness of the Online Teaching Infrastructure\n## Shortage of Online Team Resources","[{\"question\":\"What was the key education policy used during the early COVID-19 school closures in China?\",\"answer\":\"The Chinese Ministry of Education announced an emergency policy of “Suspending Classes without Stopping Learning,” directing institutions to close campuses while continuing teaching activities.\"},{\"question\":\"How did the Chinese Government coordinate COVID-19 epidemic prevention and education planning?\",\"answer\":\"A leading group established by the Central Committee worked with the State Council to build a unified command system and a joint prevention and control mechanism, using risk ratings to adjust emergency responses and education plans.\"},{\"question\":\"What main challenges did online teaching face during campus closures?\",\"answer\":\"Educators encountered weaknesses in online infrastructure, teacher inexperience, shortages of online resources and team capacity, and difficult home learning environments.\"}]","DECLARING WAR ON COVID-19 - HOW CHINESE GOVERNMENT AND EDUCATORS ACT | PDF",1792095520,28]