[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-135430-en":3,"doc-seo-135430-105":31,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":92},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":21,"is_downloadable":21,"audit_status":21,"page_count":22,"language":23,"language_code":24,"site_id":25,"html_lang":24,"table_of_contents":26,"faqs":27,"seo_title":28,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":29,"read_time":30},135430,962085662650,"Dozel","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_29158cc5080c5b710cf443261637dec0",8,"Research & Report","Decarburization mechanisms of WCeCo during thermal spraying - Insights from controlled carbon loss and microstructure characterization","Decarburization behavior of WCeCo particles during plasma spraying is investigated through controlled carbon loss and microstructure characterization. The carbon loss extent of WC is tuned by changing substrate cooling/pre-coating conditions or by spraying particles into media at different temperatures. Protection of Co during coating formation alleviates WC carbon loss. Transformation produces W2C epitaxial shells, h phase around splats, and rod-like g phase within Co binder, while W mainly segregates in Co; the dominant mechanism is diffusion-controlled carbon loss rather than oxidation.","Materials Chemistry and Physics 142 (2013) 165e171  \nContents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect  \nMaterials Chemistry and Physics  \njournal [homepage: www. elsevier. com/locate/matchemphys](homepage: www. elsevier. com/locate/matchemphys)  \n| Decarburization mechanisms of WCeCo during thermal spraying: Insights from controlled carbon loss and microstructure characterization |  | |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| Jianhui Yuan, Qing Zhan, Jing Huang, Siyue Ding, Hua Li*\u003Cbr>Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China |  |  |\n| h i g h l i g h t s\u003Cbr>􀀁 Morphological feature of W, W2C, g phase, etc, in WCeCo coatings is disclosed.\u003Cbr>􀀁 Locations of the above decarburization-induced phases are revealed.\u003Cbr>􀀁 Diffusion-controlled carbon loss is the major decarburization regime in APS WCeCo coatings. a r t i c l e i n f o Article history:\u003Cbr>Received 25 February 2013\u003Cbr>Received in revised form\u003Cbr>20 May 2013\u003Cbr>Accepted 25 June 2013\u003Cbr>Keywords: Carbides\u003Cbr>Coatings\u003Cbr>Electron microscopy Microstructure Rietveld analysis | g r a p h i c a l a b s t r a c t\u003Cbr>a b s t r a c t\u003Cbr>Decarburization behavior of WCeCo particles in terms of transformation of WC to W2C and W, and formation of h and g phases and microstructure evolution during plasma spraying have been systematically investigated in this study. The extent of the carbon loss of WC was tailored by either altering cooling conditions of substrate/pre-coating or spraying the particles into the media with different temperatures. It is revealed that loss of carbon of WC was alleviated by protection of Co during the coating formation stage. W2C exhibits epitaxial growth on the WC substrates in perpendicular direction and forms a nearly complete shell around the WC particles. h phase was formed as a result of decarburization and diffusion of associated phases and is located around WCeCo splats with its crystals being in cross shape. The g phase in rod-like shape with a size of 10e20 nm embeds within the binder Co and is clearly well separated from WC grains. Further decarburization-induced W was detected mainly in Co binder, being apart entirely from WC grains. The main advantage of Co for preventing decarburization in WCeCo particles is not associated with oxidation, but instead the diffusion-controlled carbon loss. These findings would facilitate fabrication of the WC-based cermet coatings with excellent mechanical properties in particular wear resistance for extreme wear applications.\u003Cbr>􀀁 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |  |\n\n* Corresponding author. Tel.: þ86 574 86686224; fax: þ86 574 86685159. E-mail address: [lihua@nimte.ac.cn](lihua@nimte.ac.cn) (H. Li).  \n0254-0584/$ e see front matter 􀀁 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.  \n[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2013.06.052](http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2013.06.052)  \n1. Introduction  \nThermal sprayed WC-based cermet coatings have been successful in applications against wear encountered by various engineering components. Atmospheric plasma spray (APS), highvelocity oxygenefuel (HVOF) spray and detonation spray (DS) are the most commonly used techniques for deposition of the coatings.  \n166 J. Yuan et al. / Materials Chemistry and Physics 142 (2013) 165e171  \nIt is well documented that thermal sprayed WCeCo coatings usually suffer from decomposition and decarburization of the carbide during the spraying [1,2]. The decarburization reduces content of WC in coatings, leading to formation of undesirable phases such as W2C, W, and amorphous or nanocrystalline CoeWeC phase [3,4]. It has been widely recognized that the overall performance of thermal sprayed WCeCo coatings is significantly affected by the decarburization experienced by the powder particles during spray processing [3e7]. Controlling the decarburization of the carbide is therefore crucial towards achieving the cermet coatings ","cbCaieS9qKQg5WTC","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaieS9qKQg5WTC","pdf",3344621,4,1,7,"English","en",105,"# Introduction\n## Thermal-sprayed WC-based cermet coatings and common spray methods\n## Decarburization impacts on WC content and phase evolution\n## Factors influencing decarburization extent\n# Decarburization mechanisms and microstructural effects","[{\"question\":\"What is investigated in the study of WCeCo during thermal spraying?\",\"answer\":\"The study examines how WCeCo particles decarburize during plasma spraying and how this drives phase transformations and microstructure evolution.\"},{\"question\":\"How is the carbon loss of WC controlled in the experiments?\",\"answer\":\"Carbon loss is tailored by altering substrate cooling/pre-coating conditions or by spraying particles into media with different temperatures.\"},{\"question\":\"What phases form due to decarburization, and where are they located?\",\"answer\":\"W transforms to W2C, W, and additional phases including h and g. W2C grows epitaxially and forms a shell, h forms around splats, g embeds within Co binder, and W is detected mainly in the Co binder away from WC grains.\"}]","Decarburization mechanisms of WCeCo during thermal spraying - Insights from controlled carbon loss and microstructure characterization | PDF",1787312081,18,{"code":4,"msg":32,"data":33},"ok",{"site_id":25,"language":24,"slug":34,"title":13,"keywords":35,"description":14,"schema_data":36,"social_meta":87,"head_meta":89,"extra_data":91,"updated_unix":29},"decarburization-mechanisms-of-wceco-during-thermal-spraying-insights-from-controlled-carbon-loss-and-microstructure-characterization","",{"@graph":37,"@context":86},[38,54,69],{"@type":39,"itemListElement":40},"BreadcrumbList",[41,45,49,52],{"item":42,"name":43,"@type":44,"position":21},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":46,"name":47,"@type":44,"position":48},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":50,"name":12,"@type":44,"position":51},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":53,"name":13,"@type":44,"position":20},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/decarburization-mechanisms-of-wceco-during-thermal-spraying-insights-from-controlled-carbon-loss-and-microstructure-characterization/135430/",{"url":53,"name":13,"@type":55,"author":56,"headline":13,"publisher":58,"fileFormat":61,"inLanguage":24,"description":14,"dateModified":62,"datePublished":63,"encodingFormat":61,"isAccessibleForFree":64,"interactionStatistic":65},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":57},"Person",{"url":42,"name":59,"@type":60},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-08-29","2026-08-21",true,{"@type":66,"interactionType":67,"userInteractionCount":20},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":68},"ViewAction",{"@type":70,"mainEntity":71},"FAQPage",[72,78,82],{"name":73,"@type":74,"acceptedAnswer":75},"What is investigated in the study of WCeCo during thermal spraying?","Question",{"text":76,"@type":77},"The study examines how WCeCo particles decarburize during plasma spraying and how this drives phase transformations and microstructure evolution.","Answer",{"name":79,"@type":74,"acceptedAnswer":80},"How is the carbon loss of WC controlled in the experiments?",{"text":81,"@type":77},"Carbon loss is tailored by altering substrate cooling/pre-coating conditions or by spraying particles into media with different temperatures.",{"name":83,"@type":74,"acceptedAnswer":84},"What phases form due to decarburization, and where are they located?",{"text":85,"@type":77},"W transforms to W2C, W, and additional phases including h and g. 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