[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-seo-449340-105":3,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":80,"doc-detail-449340-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"ok",{"site_id":7,"language":8,"slug":9,"title":10,"keywords":11,"description":12,"schema_data":13,"social_meta":73,"head_meta":75,"extra_data":77,"updated_unix":79},105,"en","dark-septate-endophytes-support-komatsuna-growth-under-high-temperature-stress-and-greenhouse-farming","Dark Septate Endophytes Support Komatsuna Growth Under High Temperature Stress and Greenhouse Farming","","Komatsuna (Brassica rapa var. perviridis), a major leafy vegetable in Japan, is threatened by frequent abnormally high temperatures because it is vulnerable to heat stress. Plants commonly coexist with endophytic fungi that help them persist under stressful conditions, including dark septate endophytes (DSEs). This greenhouse-based study evaluated three DSE isolates and found that Ep and Vs reduced heat injury and increased surviving plants at 35 °C, while increasing leaf number and fresh and dry biomass.",{"@graph":14,"@context":72},[15,34,55],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/","Research & Report",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/dark-septate-endophytes-support-komatsuna-growth-under-high-temperature-stress-and-greenhouse-farming/449340/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/dark-septate-endophytes-support-komatsuna-growth-under-high-temperature-stress-and-greenhouse-farming/449340.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"Bulrr","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-06","2026-09-30",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":33},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",{"@type":56,"mainEntity":57},"FAQPage",[58,64,68],{"name":59,"@type":60,"acceptedAnswer":61},"What goal does the study pursue regarding dark septate endophytes (DSEs)?","Question",{"text":62,"@type":63},"To evaluate whether DSE inoculation can improve komatsuna growth under high temperature stress using a greenhouse farming system.","Answer",{"name":65,"@type":60,"acceptedAnswer":66},"Which DSE isolates were tested, and what preliminary effects were observed?",{"text":67,"@type":63},"Phialocephala fortinii KS.F.6, Exophiala pisciphila KS.F.3.4, and Veronaeopsis simplex Y34 were tested. The preliminary experiment showed that Ep and Vs reduced the heat injury index and increased the number of surviving plants under 35 °C heat stress.",{"name":69,"@type":60,"acceptedAnswer":70},"What greenhouse results indicate improved growth performance under heat stress?",{"text":71,"@type":63},"Ep and Vs increased the number of leaves as well as the fresh weight and dry weight of komatsuna under high temperature conditions.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":74,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":76,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":78,"site_id":7},449340,1790791461,{"code":4,"msg":81,"data":82},"success",[83,87,91,95,100,105,110,114,119,122,126],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":84,"show_sort_weight":85,"slug":86},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":88,"show_sort_weight":89,"slug":90},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":92,"show_sort_weight":93,"slug":94},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":96,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":97,"show_sort_weight":98,"slug":99},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":101,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":102,"show_sort_weight":103,"slug":104},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":106,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":107,"show_sort_weight":108,"slug":109},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":111,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":112,"slug":113},8,30,"research-report",{"id":115,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":116,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":118},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":117,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":120,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":121},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":123,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":124,"show_sort_weight":123,"slug":125},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":127,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":128,"show_sort_weight":96,"slug":129},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":81,"data":131},{"doc_id":78,"user_id":132,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":111,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":33,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":123,"language":139,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144},5909892115043,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_6f874abed73319feea01a86fa6f0fab8","Mycobiology  \n2025, Vol. 54, No. 1, 68–77  \n[https://doi.org/10.1080/12298093.2025.2595876](https://doi.org/10.1080/12298093.2025.2595876)  \nRESEARCh ARTIClE  \nDark Septate Endophytes Support Komatsuna Growth Under High Temperature Stress and Greenhouse Farming  \nI Gede Karta Satria Wibawaa,b and Kazuhiko Narisawaa,b   \naDepartment of Symbiotic Science of Environment and Natural Resources, United graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Japan; bDepartment of bioresource Science, college of Agriculture, ibaraki University, Ami, inashiki, Japan  \nABSTRACT  \nKomatsuna (Brassica rapa var. perviridis) is one of the most common leafy vegetables in Japan. In recent years, the frequent occurrence of abnormally high temperatures is becoming a threat for komatsuna as it is vulnerable to high temperature stress. In natural ecosystems, most plants coexist with endophytic fungi as a strategy to adapt to stressful environments. Among known symbiotic fungi, there are dark septate endophytes (DSEs), which are unique due to their prevalence under stressed environmental conditions. This study aimed to evaluate the use of DSEs to improve komatsuna growth using a greenhouse farming system, as a practice to improve sustainable agriculture. We examined the effect of inoculation with three DSE isolates: Phialocephala fortinii KS.F.6 (Pf ), Exophiala pisciphila KS.F.3.4 (Ep) and Veronaeopsis simplex Y34 (Vs), on the growth of komatsuna under high temperature stress. The preliminary experiment showed that inoculation with isolates Ep and Vs reduced the heat injury index and increased the number of surviving plants under 35 °C heat stress. Furthermore, the greenhouse experiment showed that Ep and Vs increase the number of leaves, fresh weight, and dry weight of komatsuna. This is considered the first report of DSE symbiosis potential for komatsuna high-temperature-stress mitigation and growth performance induction.  \nARTICLE HISTORY  \nReceived 17 October 2025  \nRevised 14 November 2025  \nAccepted 22 November 2025  \nKEYWORDS  \nDark septate endophytes; komatsuna; high temperature stress  \n1. Introduction  \nKomatsuna (Brassica rapa var. perviridis), also known as Japanese mustard spinach, is one of the most common leafy vegetables in Japan [ 1] . This vegetable is not only popular in Japan, but also grown all year-round in other Asian countries such Taiwan and Korea. Komatsuna is rich in nutritional value with abundant calcium, vitamin B6, manganese, and fiber, making it a staple in a healthy Japanese diet [2] . As a cruciferous plant belonging to the Brassicaceae family, komatsuna is considered a cool season crop and most varieties are markedly susceptible to high temperature stress [3,4] . In recent years, with the frequent occurrence of abnormally high temperatures caused by global warming, komatsuna production are at risk.  \nAs plants lack the ability to freely move and avoid unfavorable conditions, agricultural crops are directly affected by the increasing temperature, and losses in crop yields have led to general concerns about agricultural sustainability and food security [5]. In Brassica vegetables, the negative effects of high temperature  \ninclude the production of narrow leaves, leaf growth reduction, delays in heading initiation, and undesired petiole-to-blade ratio enhancement (e.g. Chinese cabbage), contributing to lower yields and poor marketability due to a reduction in quality [4,6]. The susceptibility of komatsuna to high temperature stress will result in most of the previously mentioned damage to plants, and the marked reductions in quality and yields will threaten many komatsuna growers.  \nAmidst these growing concerns, it is imperative to seek innovative, ecologically sound, and sustainable solutions to address the escalating needs of securing komatsuna production. One such innovation to resolve this problem is the use of beneficial microorganisms to give plants resistance to envi","cbCaiivjvUMMUtiq","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiivjvUMMUtiq","pdf",1292363,"English","# Introduction\n## Plant vulnerability to high temperature stress\n## Use of beneficial microorganisms for stress resistance\n## Symbiotic fungi in natural ecosystems","[{\"question\":\"What goal does the study pursue regarding dark septate endophytes (DSEs)?\",\"answer\":\"To evaluate whether DSE inoculation can improve komatsuna growth under high temperature stress using a greenhouse farming system.\"},{\"question\":\"Which DSE isolates were tested, and what preliminary effects were observed?\",\"answer\":\"Phialocephala fortinii KS.F.6, Exophiala pisciphila KS.F.3.4, and Veronaeopsis simplex Y34 were tested. The preliminary experiment showed that Ep and Vs reduced the heat injury index and increased the number of surviving plants under 35 °C heat stress.\"},{\"question\":\"What greenhouse results indicate improved growth performance under heat stress?\",\"answer\":\"Ep and Vs increased the number of leaves as well as the fresh weight and dry weight of komatsuna under high temperature conditions.\"}]","Dark Septate Endophytes Support Komatsuna Growth Under High Temperature Stress and Greenhouse Farming | PDF",1790729936,25]