[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-648581-en":3,"doc-seo-648581-105":30,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":96},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":21,"is_downloadable":21,"audit_status":21,"page_count":20,"language":22,"language_code":23,"site_id":24,"html_lang":23,"table_of_contents":25,"faqs":26,"seo_title":27,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":28,"read_time":29},648581,962085564381,"Bintang","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_6f874abed73319feea01a86fa6f0fab8",8,"Research & Report","Daily Bulletin - 21 October - Lead IAS","Daily bulletin highlights key learning briefs dated 21 October 2026, covering India’s plans to expand pumped storage hydropower to 105 GW by 2035–36 for renewable integration and grid stability. It explains pumped-storage as long-duration energy storage using two reservoirs, contrasts PSPs with battery energy storage, and notes major limitations and global ranking. The bulletin also summarizes ISRO’s Aditya-L1 mission, AI-designed bacteriophage advances, and the emergence of “heat storms” with examples like Vera and Raimundo.","21 October 2026  \nPumped Storage Hydropower  \nIndia aims to expand pumped storage hydropower capacity to 105 GW by 2035–36 to integrate renewable energy and ensure grid stability.  \no What is it? Pumped storage hydropower (PSH) is a typeof Long-Duration Energy Storage (LDES). It is a configuration of two water reservoirs at different elevations that can generate power as water moves down from one to the other (discharge), passing through a turbine.  \no These are like super large batteries but natural and use water and thus called as Water Battery.  \no Working: During surplus electricity, water is pumped from the lower to the upper reservoir; when electricity demand rises, water flows downhill through turbines to generate electricity.  \no Types: Closed-loop systems use reservoirs not continuously connected to a natural water body, while open-loop systems have a continuous connection to a natural water body.  \no Limitations: High initial cost, long construction periods, land requirements and potential ecological and social impacts.  \no Global Ranking: India ranks fourth globally in installed pumped-storage capacity, with 7.43 GW, behind China, Japan and the USA.  \no Pumped-Storage Projects (PSPs) vs. Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS): Pumped-Storage Projects (PSPs) offer longer storage duration, a 40–60+ year lifespan and lower dependence on critical battery minerals, whereas Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) provide faster, modular installation near urban load centres.  \nAditya-L1  \nAditya-L1 has generated Doppler velocity images of the solar corona using its Visible Emission Line Coronagraph (VELC),  \nenabling the study of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) along the Sun–Earth direction.  \no What is It? Aditya-L1 Mission is India’s first dedicated solar observation mission, developed by ISRO (Indian Space Research Organisation) .  \no Launch Vehicle: PSLV- C57 (Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle).  \no Orbit: Placed at Lagrange Point 1 (L1), where gravitational forces of Earth and Sun balance, providing a stable position for continuous solar observation.  \no Aditya-L1 is India’s second space observatory, following AstroSat (India’s first dedicated multiwavelength space observatory.) launched in 2015.  \no Mission Objectives:  \no Study the Sun’s corona, photosphere, chromosphere, and solar wind dynamics.  \no Monitor solar activity, flares, and coronal mass ejections (CMEs) to predict space weather.  \no Provide early warnings for geomagnetic storms affecting Earth’s satellites and power grids.  \no Lagrange Points: Five points (L1–L5) exist where the gravitational forces of two large bodies, such as the Sun and Earth, create equilibrium regions; L1, L2 and L3 are unstable (Spacecraft require periodic stationkeeping (thruster burns) to stay in orbit), while L4 and L5 are stable.  \no L1 and L2: L1 provides a continuous view of the Sun and is used by solar observatories such as Aditya-L1; L2 is ideal for deep-space astronomy and hosts the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) .  \no L4 and L5: These points form equilateral triangles with the two large bodies and are stable; objects located around them are called Trojans.  \nAI Designed Bacteriophages  \nScientists used generative AI to design 16 functional bacteriophages from scratch that can infect bacteria, highlighting advances in synthetic biology and raising biosecurity concerns.  \no What is it? AI-designed bacteriophages are viruses engineered using artificial intelligence (AI) to target specific bacteria, offering a potential treatment for antibiotic-resistant infections.  \no Recent Development: The biotechnology start-up Radical Numerics used its AI model Omnii-1 to design variants of the T7 bacteriophage targeting a drugresistant E. coli strain. The experimental treatment was administered to a human patient under US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) authorisation.  \n21 October 2026  \no Earlier Model: Evo2 - Arc Institute’s AI model trained on millions of DNA sequences to generate vir","cbCaivQjCyRsQF1T","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaivQjCyRsQF1T","pdf",505258,4,1,"English","en",105,"# Pumped Storage Hydropower\n## What is pumped storage hydropower (PSH)?\n## Working\n## Types\n## Limitations\n## Global ranking\n## PSPs vs BESS\n# Aditya-L1\n## Mission and objectives\n## Launch vehicle and orbit\n## Lagrange points (L1–L5)\n# AI Designed Bacteriophages\n## What are bacteriophages?\n## How phage therapy works\n## Viral structure and replication\n# Heat Storm","[{\"question\":\"What is pumped storage hydropower (PSH) and how does it work?\",\"answer\":\"Pumped storage hydropower uses two reservoirs at different elevations to generate electricity as water moves downhill through a turbine. During surplus electricity, water is pumped uphill; during higher demand, it flows downhill to produce power.\"},{\"question\":\"What are Aditya-L1’s main objectives in solar observation?\",\"answer\":\"Aditya-L1 studies the Sun’s corona, photosphere, chromosphere, and solar wind dynamics. It monitors solar activity, flares, and CMEs to predict space weather and provide early warnings for geomagnetic storms.\"},{\"question\":\"Why are “heat storms” different from conventional heat waves?\",\"answer\":\"Heat storms are massive, prolonged heat events covering vast geographical areas and lasting longer than conventional heat waves. They are distinguished by larger scale and extended duration, with events such as Vera and Raimundo cited in the bulletin.\"}]","Daily Bulletin - 21 October - Lead IAS | PDF",1792794089,10,{"code":4,"msg":31,"data":32},"ok",{"site_id":24,"language":23,"slug":33,"title":13,"keywords":34,"description":14,"schema_data":35,"social_meta":91,"head_meta":93,"extra_data":95,"updated_unix":28},"daily-bulletin-21-october-lead-ias","",{"@graph":36,"@context":90},[37,53,73],{"@type":38,"itemListElement":39},"BreadcrumbList",[40,44,48,51],{"item":41,"name":42,"@type":43,"position":21},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":45,"name":46,"@type":43,"position":47},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":49,"name":12,"@type":43,"position":50},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":52,"name":13,"@type":43,"position":20},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/daily-bulletin-21-october-lead-ias/648581/",{"url":52,"name":13,"@type":54,"image":55,"author":60,"headline":13,"publisher":62,"fileFormat":65,"inLanguage":23,"description":14,"dateModified":66,"datePublished":67,"encodingFormat":65,"isAccessibleForFree":68,"interactionStatistic":69},"DigitalDocument",{"url":56,"@type":57,"width":58,"height":59},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/daily-bulletin-21-october-lead-ias/648581.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":9,"@type":61},"Person",{"url":41,"name":63,"@type":64},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-10-23",true,{"@type":70,"interactionType":71,"userInteractionCount":20},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":72},"ViewAction",{"@type":74,"mainEntity":75},"FAQPage",[76,82,86],{"name":77,"@type":78,"acceptedAnswer":79},"What is pumped storage hydropower (PSH) and how does it work?","Question",{"text":80,"@type":81},"Pumped storage hydropower uses two reservoirs at different elevations to generate electricity as water moves downhill through a turbine. During surplus electricity, water is pumped uphill; during higher demand, it flows downhill to produce power.","Answer",{"name":83,"@type":78,"acceptedAnswer":84},"What are Aditya-L1’s main objectives in solar observation?",{"text":85,"@type":81},"Aditya-L1 studies the Sun’s corona, photosphere, chromosphere, and solar wind dynamics. It monitors solar activity, flares, and CMEs to predict space weather and provide early warnings for geomagnetic storms.",{"name":87,"@type":78,"acceptedAnswer":88},"Why are “heat storms” different from conventional heat waves?",{"text":89,"@type":81},"Heat storms are massive, prolonged heat events covering vast geographical areas and lasting longer than conventional heat waves. They are distinguished by larger scale and extended duration, with events such as Vera and Raimundo cited in the bulletin.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":52,"og:type":92,"og:title":13,"og:site_name":63,"og:description":14},"article",{"robots":94,"canonical":52},"index,follow",{"doc_id":7,"site_id":24},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":97},[98,102,106,110,115,120,125,128,133,136,139],{"id":21,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":99,"show_sort_weight":100,"slug":101},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":47,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":103,"show_sort_weight":104,"slug":105},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":20,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":107,"show_sort_weight":108,"slug":109},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":111,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":112,"show_sort_weight":113,"slug":114},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":116,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":117,"show_sort_weight":118,"slug":119},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":121,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":122,"show_sort_weight":123,"slug":124},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":11,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":12,"show_sort_weight":126,"slug":127},30,"research-report",{"id":129,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":130,"show_sort_weight":131,"slug":132},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":131,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":134,"show_sort_weight":131,"slug":135},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":137,"show_sort_weight":29,"slug":138},"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":140,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":141,"show_sort_weight":111,"slug":142},19,"General","general"]