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This prospective study evaluates whether plasma D-dimer levels can predict and monitor chemotherapy response in metastatic breast cancer patients, measured before treatment and after the fourth cycle. ROC analyses assess baseline discrimination for response, while treatment group comparisons track changes across partial response, stable disease, and progression patterns.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/d-dimer-as-a-predictive-biomarker-of-response-to-chemotherapy-in-patients-with-metastatic-breast-cancer/336884/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/d-dimer-as-a-predictive-biomarker-of-response-to-chemotherapy-in-patients-with-metastatic-breast-cancer/336884.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Sage","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-09-21",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":19},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is the purpose of measuring D-dimer in metastatic breast cancer patients?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"To determine whether plasma D-dimer levels can act as a predictive and monitoring indicator for chemotherapy response in metastatic breast cancer patients.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How was the study designed and what patient groups were included?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The study was prospective and included two groups: 76 patients diagnosed with metastatic breast carcinoma and 25 patients with primary breast carcinoma.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"When were D-dimer levels measured and how were they analyzed for predicting response?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Plasma D-dimer levels were measured before chemotherapy initiation and after the fourth treatment cycle in MBC patients. Baseline D-dimer values (D0) were analyzed using ROC curves to find optimal cut-off values and assess discriminatory ability.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},336884,1790367899,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":19,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":44,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144},687197207057,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_29158cc5080c5b710cf443261637dec0","D-dimer as a Predictive Biomarker of Response to Chemotherapy in Patients With Metastatic Breast Cancer  \nLubana Alkhoder1, Maher Salamoon2 , Maher Saifo2 ,3 and Sulaf Alwassouf1  \n1Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al Baath University, Homs, Syrian Arab Republic. 2 Department of Medical Oncology, Al Bairouni University Hospital, Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic. 3 Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Damascus University, Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic.  \nBiomarker Insights Volume 19: 1–9  \n© The Author(s) 2024  \nArticle reuse guidelines: [sagepub.com/journals-permissions](sagepub.com/journals-permissions)[ ](sagepub.com/journals-permissions)[DOI: 10.1177/11772719241290704](DOI: 10.1177/11772719241290704)  \nABSTRACT  \nBACkgRounD: Tumor-induced coagulation is widely observed in cancer patients . Moreover, it is associated with tumorigenesis, tumor progression and metastasis, by creating a proliferative and proangiogenic microenvironment. Therefore, D-dimer, a fibrin degradation product, correlates with tumor prognosis in several cancer types .  \noBjeCTiveS: This study aims to investigate whether D-dimer levels can be a predictive and monitoring indicator for chemotherapy response in metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients .  \nDeSign: This was a prospective study.  \nMeThoDS: This study included two groups, 76 patients diagnosed with metastatic breast carcinoma and 25 patients with primary breast carcinoma . Plasma D-dimer levels were measured prospectively before chemotherapy initiation, and after the fourth treatment cycle in MBC patients . D-dimer levels before chemotherapy (D0) were analyzed using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves to determine the optimal cut-off baseline values of D0, and to evaluate their discriminatory abilities in predicting response to chemotherapy.  \nReSulTS: In the preliminary response evaluation, the mean level of D-dimer significantly decreased by 0.65 μg/ml in patients with partial response patterns, and by 0.5 μg/ml in patients with stable disease. In the disease progression group, a marked increase was seen in D-dimer levels by 1.2 μg/ml. Analysis of ROC curves showed that D-dimer levels at D0 could discriminate the response to chemotherapy, whereas progressive disease rate correlated with higher levels of D-dimer.  \nConCluSion: D-dimer level in plasma is a useful predictive and monitoring marker of response to chemotherapy in metastatic breast cancer.  \nkeyWoRDS: D-dimer, metastatic breast cancer, chemotherapy, response, predictive biomarker  \nReCeiveD: February 2, 2024. ACCePTeD: September 23, 2024.  \nTyPe: Research Article  \nCoRReSPonDing AuThoR: Lubana Alkhoder, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of pharmacy, Al Baath University, Homs, Syrian Arab Republic. Email: [lalkhoder@albaath-univ.edu.sy](lalkhoder@albaath-univ.edu.sy)  \n\n| Introduction | anatomically distant organ sites and their subsequent adapta- |\n| --- | --- |\n| Breast cancer is still the most prevalent type of cancer in | tion to alien tissue microenvironment producing metastases.3 |\n| women according to the latest report GLOBOCAN 2020, and | Chemotherapy is a crucial treatment option for metastatic |\n| the primary cause of mortality for breast cancer patients is the | breast cancer (MBC) in clinical practice. The need for chemo- |\n| occurrence of distant metastases. About 20% to 30% of breast | therapy is typically determined by a combination of factors, |\n| cancers in the early stages are expected to progress into meta- | including the tumor’s subtype, features and metastatic site, the |\n| static disease, while in the United States, 6% to 10% of all | presence of visceral crisis, and any prior use of adjuvant or met- |\n| women suffering from breast cancer were found to have stage | astatic treatments.4 The modern advancements in cancer biol- |\n| IV disease at initial diagnosis.1 Breast cancer is a multi-stage, | ogy and the rapid progress of experimental techno","cbCaiez7JxAY8SKM","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiez7JxAY8SKM","pdf",805146,"English","# Abstract\n## Background\n## Objective\n## Design\n## Methods\n## Results\n## Conclusion","[{\"question\":\"What is the purpose of measuring D-dimer in metastatic breast cancer patients?\",\"answer\":\"To determine whether plasma D-dimer levels can act as a predictive and monitoring indicator for chemotherapy response in metastatic breast cancer patients.\"},{\"question\":\"How was the study designed and what patient groups were included?\",\"answer\":\"The study was prospective and included two groups: 76 patients diagnosed with metastatic breast carcinoma and 25 patients with primary breast carcinoma.\"},{\"question\":\"When were D-dimer levels measured and how were they analyzed for predicting response?\",\"answer\":\"Plasma D-dimer levels were measured before chemotherapy initiation and after the fourth treatment cycle in MBC patients. Baseline D-dimer values (D0) were analyzed using ROC curves to find optimal cut-off values and assess discriminatory ability.\"}]","D-dimer as a Predictive Biomarker of Response to Chemotherapy in Patients With Metastatic Breast Cancer | PDF",1790016955,23]