[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-122707-en":3,"doc-seo-122707-105":30,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":91},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":4,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":20,"is_downloadable":20,"audit_status":20,"page_count":21,"language":22,"language_code":23,"site_id":24,"html_lang":23,"table_of_contents":25,"faqs":26,"seo_title":27,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":28,"read_time":29},122707,962075006959,"Anda","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/e0002397efbe92a78e?_k=1776741047341049297",8,"Research & Report","CYBERSECURITY FOR NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS - Working with Simulator's Data and Machine Learning Algorithms to Find Abnormalities at Nuclear Power Plants - A Thesis","Cybersecurity has the utmost importance for nuclear power plants (NPPs) as demand for clean and constant energy increases. Nations must keep NPPs secure both physically and digitally while cyber-attacks grow rapidly. This thesis analyzes cyber risk for NPPs, considers digital and future attack scenarios, and reviews law and policy requirements for cyber protection. It also evaluates how data analysis and machine learning on simulator data can support anomaly monitoring when real facility data is not shared.","CYBERSECURITY FOR NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS  \nWORKING WITH SIMULATOR'S DATA AND MACHINE LEARNING  \nALGORITHMS TO FIND ABNORMALITIES AT NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS  \nA Thesis  \nby  \nMULKIYE SUMEN  \nSubmitted to the Graduate and Professional School of Texas A&M University  \nin partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of  \nMASTER OF SCIENCE  \nChair of Committee, Dilma Da Silva Co-Chair of Committee, Shaheen Azim Dewji Committee Members, Martin Carlisle  \nEman Hammad  \nHead of Department, Scott Schaefer  \nAugust 2022  \nMajor Subject: Computer Engineering  \nCopyright 2022 Mulkiye Sumen  \nABSTRACT  \nCybersecurity has the utmost importance for nuclear power plants (NPPs) . Demand for clean and constant energy has increased the need and use of NPPs.  \nCountries want to have and maintain secure NPPs both physically (well-studied area) and digitally. We live in a digital world, and cyber-attacks have skyrocketed in recent years. This study explores the cyber risk for NPPs, digital attacks, potential future attacks, international aspects, and law and policy requirements of cyber protection for nuclear power plants. With the help of data analysis and machine learning algorithms, extra monitoring can be conducted on plants' data. Data monitoring applications require comprehensive data to build models and develop solutions. However, nuclear facilities do not share their data because of security concerns. Plant simulators are heavily used for training people and conducting experiments. In this thesis, we inspect plant simulators to assess their usability by people with a technical background such as cyber experts, information technology technicians, and software developers.  \nPeople responsible for protecting digital systems can benefit from the help of data analytic tools and machine learning models to detect abnormalities. We study machine learning models on simulator data to examine their potential in identifying anomalies.  \nACKNOWLEDGEMENTS  \nI would like to thank my committee chairs Dr. Da Silva and Dr. Dewji, and my committee members Dr. Hammad and Dr. Carlisle, for their guidance and support throughout my studies and the covid-19 pandemic.  \nI also want to thank my virtual classmates and the department faculty and staff for their help in protecting us from the virus.  \nFinally, I want to thank Deniz and my family for their patience, love, and support.  \nCONTRIBUTORS AND FUNDING SOURCES  \nContributors  \nThis work was supervised by a thesis committee consisting of Professor Dilma Da Silva of the Department of Computer Science and Engineering and Professor Shaheen Azim Dewji of the Department of Nuclear Engineering, Professor Martin Carlisle of the Department of Computer Science and Engineering, and Professor Eman Hammad of the Department Cybersecurity and Computer Science Texas A&M University-Commerce.  \nAll other work conducted for the thesis was completed by the student independently.  \nFunding Sources  \nThis graduate study was supported by the Republic of Turkey Ministry of  \nNational Education.  \nNOMENCLATURE  \nAPT Advanced Persistent Threat  \nBOC Beginning of Cycle  \nBWR Boiling Water Reactor  \nCISA Computer Information Sharing Act CNC Computer Numerical Control CPS Cyber-physical Systems  \nCRF Code of Federal Regulations DCS Distributed Control System DoS Denial of Service  \nDT Decision Tree  \nEOC End of Cycle  \nHIPAA Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act  \nHMI Human-Machine Interface  \nHTR Power Pressurizer Heater  \nI&C Instrumentation and Control Systems IAEA International Atomic Energy Agency IC Integrated Circuit  \nICS Industrial Control Systems IED Intelligent Electronic Device IoT Internet of Things  \nISO International Organization for Standardization  \nIT Information Technology KNN K-Nearest Neighbors LR Logistic Regression MBK Integrated Break Flow  \nMDB Microsoft Access Database  \nML Machine Learning MOC Middle of Cycle  \nNEA Nuclear Energy Agency NEI Nuclear Energy Institute  \nNIST National Institute of ","cbCaivcb63ro9Mnk","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaivcb63ro9Mnk","pdf",3950175,1,129,"English","en",105,"# Abstract\n# Acknowledgements\n# Contributors and Funding Sources\n# Nomenclature\n# Table of Contents\n# List of Figures\n# List of Tables\n# Introduction\n# Background\n## Cybersecurity","[{\"question\":\"为什么核电站需要优先重视网络安全？\",\"answer\":\"核电站既需要持续提供清洁稳定能源，也必须同时在物理与数字层面保持安全。随着近年来网络攻击显著增加，网络安全的重要性进一步提升。\"},{\"question\":\"这项研究关注哪些核电站网络安全相关内容？\",\"answer\":\"研究围绕核电站的网络风险展开，讨论数字攻击与潜在未来攻击，并结合网络防护的国际层面以及相关法律与政策要求。\"},{\"question\":\"研究如何利用模拟器数据与机器学习来发现异常？\",\"answer\":\"由于核设施往往出于安全担忧不共享数据，论文检视核电站模拟器的可用性，并在模拟器数据上测试机器学习模型用于识别异常，从而为数字系统防护提供支持。\"}]","CYBERSECURITY FOR NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS - 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