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This review summarizes the characteristics and functional roles of intratumoral microbes in different cancers, evaluates therapies that target them, and highlights key obstacles limiting clinical progress. It also outlines existing technical approaches for characterizing intratumoral microbes, aiming to support biomarker and therapeutic target discovery for diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/","Healthcare",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/current-understanding-of-the-intratumoral-microbiome-in-various-tumors/377537/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/current-understanding-of-the-intratumoral-microbiome-in-various-tumors/377537.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"OmBimo","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-01","2026-09-24",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",7,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"What does the intratumoral microbiome refer to?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"It refers to microorganisms found within tumor tissues. Studies describe that many cancer types contain distinct microbial populations in both cancer and immune cells.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"How can intratumoral microbes affect cancer development and therapy?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"Intratumoral microorganisms can influence the host immune system and alter the effectiveness of tumor chemotherapy, thereby affecting disease progression and treatment outcomes.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"What does the review focus on besides describing intratumoral microbes?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"It examines potential therapies that target intratumoral microbes, discusses major challenges delaying these therapies, and summarizes technical methods used to characterize intratumoral microbes.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":75,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":77,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":79,"site_id":7},377537,1790551444,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"success",[84,88,92,96,101,106,109,114,119,122,126],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":85,"show_sort_weight":86,"slug":87},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":89,"show_sort_weight":90,"slug":91},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":93,"show_sort_weight":94,"slug":95},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":97,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":102,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":103,"show_sort_weight":104,"slug":105},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":55,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":107,"slug":108},40,"healthcare",{"id":110,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":111,"show_sort_weight":112,"slug":113},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":115,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":116,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":118},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":117,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":120,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":121},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":123,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":124,"show_sort_weight":123,"slug":125},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":127,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":128,"show_sort_weight":97,"slug":129},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":131},{"doc_id":79,"user_id":132,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":55,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":55,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},962090893581,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","ll  \nOPEN ACCESS  \nReview  \nCurrent understanding of the intratumoral microbiome in various tumors  \nChen Xue,1,2 Qingfei Chu,1,2 Qiuxian Zheng,1,2 Xin Yuan,1 Yuanshuai Su,1 Zhengyi Bao,1 Juan Lu,1,* and Lanjuan Li1,*  \n1State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China  \n2These authors contributed equally  \n*Correspondence: [ljli@zju.edu.cn](ljli@zju.edu.cn) (L. L.), [lujuanzju@zju.edu.cn](lujuanzju@zju.edu.cn) (J. L.) [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100884](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100884)  \nIt is estimated that in the future, the number of new cancer cases worldwide will exceed the 19.3 million recorded in 2020, and the number of deaths will exceed 10 million. Cancer remains the leading cause of human mortality and lagging socioeconomic development. Intratumoral microbes have been revealed to exist in many cancer types, including pancreatic, colorectal, liver, esophageal, breast, and lung cancers. Intratumoral microorganisms affect not only the host immune system, but also the effectiveness of tumor chemotherapy. This review concentrates on the characteristics and roles of intratumoral microbes in various tumors. In addition, the potential of therapies targeting intratumoral microbes, as well as the main challenges currently delaying these therapies, are explored. Furthermore, we briefly summarize existing technical methods used to characterize intratumoral microbes. We hope to provide ideas for exploring intratumoral microbes as potential biomarkers and targets for tumor diagnosis, treatment, and prognostication.  \nINTRODUCTION  \nCancer is a major health problem worldwide.1 According to the World Health Organization, cancer will become the leading or second-leading cause of death in patients younger than 70 inmost countries.2 Among cancers, lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer deaths, with approximately 350 people dying from lung cancer every day. The incidence of breast cancer (BC) in women is expected to surpass that of lung cancer, and BC is expected to become the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women.3 In addition, the diagnosis and treatment of cancer patients have been delayed to varying degrees because of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic; furthermore, the incidence of cancer is expected to decrease in the short term, but the mortality rate in the later stage could increase due to untimely treatment.4 The study of cancer has continued for many years, and asa result, more means to diagnose, treat, and prevent cancer have been revealed. For example, human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination can significantly reduce the incidence of gynecological tumors in women, such as cervical cancer (CC) .5 Early screening and eradication of Helicobacter pylori have contributed to reducing the incidence of gastric cancer (GC) and improving the efficacy of early treatment and patient prognosis.6 In conclusion, the exploration of cancer and cancer therapies is an ongoing process, and a great deal of effort remains necessary.  \nThe human microbiome is a general term that includes all microorganisms in and on the human body, e.g., those on the mucosal surfaces of the gut and skin.7 The genomes of these microorganisms are called microbial genomes. The number of genes in the microbial genomes of these organisms is more than 150 times that of the human genome.8 Therefore, the micro-  \nbiome is believed to have its own genome.9 Microorganisms are able to coexist with host cells at multiple body sites, and these factors interact to influence the physiological and pathological processes of the host.10 Currently, the gut microbiome is the best known and the most studied. The normal intestinal flora is of great signifi","cbCaic3IM7BpFfRM","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaic3IM7BpFfRM","pdf",3381172,27,"English","# Introduction\n## Cancer burden and current challenges\n## The human microbiome and its relevance to cancer\n## Discovery of the intratumoral microbiome","[{\"question\":\"What does the intratumoral microbiome refer to?\",\"answer\":\"It refers to microorganisms found within tumor tissues. Studies describe that many cancer types contain distinct microbial populations in both cancer and immune cells.\"},{\"question\":\"How can intratumoral microbes affect cancer development and therapy?\",\"answer\":\"Intratumoral microorganisms can influence the host immune system and alter the effectiveness of tumor chemotherapy, thereby affecting disease progression and treatment outcomes.\"},{\"question\":\"What does the review focus on besides describing intratumoral microbes?\",\"answer\":\"It examines potential therapies that target intratumoral microbes, discusses major challenges delaying these therapies, and summarizes technical methods used to characterize intratumoral microbes.\"}]","Current understanding of the intratumoral microbiome in various tumors | PDF",1790225888,68]