[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-377188-105":59,"doc-detail-377188-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","current-understanding-and-distinct-features-of-multifocal-and-multicentric-breast-cancers","Current understanding and distinct features of multifocal and multicentric breast cancers","","Multifocal (MF) and multicentric (MC) breast cancers are described as synchronous, multiple ipsilateral tumors, yet definitions differ across studies, complicating comparison and analysis. Incidence is reported from 1% to 60%, with higher prevalence in pre-menopausal women. Relative to unifocal cancers, MF/MC disease is typically more aggressive, with lower survival, higher recurrence, and increased lymph node metastasis. Treatment often uses radical surgery, while breast conservation may be considered. Research emphasizes clonality, genetic alterations, and biomarker patterns to connect biological distinctness with prognosis and guide tailored therapy.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/current-understanding-and-distinct-features-of-multifocal-and-multicentric-breast-cancers/377188/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/current-understanding-and-distinct-features-of-multifocal-and-multicentric-breast-cancers/377188.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Terk","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-09-24",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":19},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"How do multifocal and multicentric breast cancers differ from unifocal breast cancer?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"MF and MC breast cancers involve multiple synchronous ipsilateral tumor foci within the same or different breast quadrants, respectively. Compared with unifocal disease, MF/MC cancers tend to be more aggressive with poorer prognostic outcomes.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"Why are MF and MC breast cancer definitions considered challenging to study?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Definitions vary widely across the literature, especially in how breast quadrants are used, the distance between foci, and whether in situ lesions are included. This inconsistency makes understanding and comparing results difficult.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What biological features do investigations focus on to explain aggressiveness in MF/MC cancers?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Studies focus on clonality and cancer heterogeneity, genetic alterations, molecular subtypes, and expression of biomarkers and pathway-related genes, linking these features to tumor aggressiveness and patient prognosis.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},377188,1791269995,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":19,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":34,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144},1099525198933,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1851  \nREVIE W  \nCurrent understanding and distinct features of multifocal and multicentric breast cancers  \nElizabeth Avera | Lilia Valentic | Loan Bui   \nDepartment of Biology, University of Dayton, Dayton, Ohio, USA  \nCorrespondence  \nLoan Bui, Department of Biology, University of Dayton, Dayton, Ohio, USA.  \nEmail: [lbui01@udayton.edu](lbui01@udayton.edu)  \nFunding information  \nAAUW Research Publication Grant in Engineering, Medicine, and Science  \nAbstract  \nBackground: Multifocal (MF) and multicentric (MC) breast cancers are referred to as synchronous, multiple ipsilateral breast cancers; however, the definitions vary among the literature, which has made understanding and analyzing these diseases challenging. Recent findings: The incidence ranges from 1% to 60%, with a higher prevalence in pre-menopausal women. MF and MC breast cancers, compared with unifocal breast cancers, tend to be more aggressive and are associated with lower survival rates, higher recurrence, and lymph node metastasis. Typically, patients with MF/MC breast cancers are treated with radical surgery, while breast conservation therapy may also be considered. Investigations have focused on elucidating the distinct biological features of MF/MC breast cancers, including the clonality of the cancers, the genetic alterations, and the impact of these features on disease aggressiveness and patient prognosis.  \nConclusion: These findings will broaden the understanding of these breast cancer subtypes and aid in the development of more tailored treatment plans for patients.  \nKEYWOR DS  \nbiomarkers, breast cancer, heterogeneity, multicentric and multifocal  \n1 | INTRODUCTION  \nBreast cancer can be categorized into different subtypes based on the number of carcinoma foci present within the same breast tissue. Unifocal (UF) breast cancer is defined by a singular breast carcinoma, while multifocal (MF) and multicentric (MC) breast cancers are referred to as multiple synchronous ipsilateral breast carcinomas. However, there is substantial variation in the definitions of MF and MC subtypes in the literature, most notably in the use of breast quadrants, the distance between foci, and the inclusion of in situ lesions. These varying definitions of MF/MC cancers can be attributed to the wide range of incidence, from 1% to 60%.1–9 The incidence rate of MF/MC breast cancers has increased in recent years partly due to the improvement of imaging techniques.3,10 While it is still somewhat debated, MF/MC breast  \ncancers, compared with UF breast cancers, tend to be more aggressive and have worse prognosis, including lower survival rates, higher recurrence rates, and increased lymph node metastasis.1,2,4–7,9,11–14 MF/MC breast cancers are more common in pre-menopausal women than UF breast cancers.2,3 Typically, MF/MC breast cancers are treated with radical surgical options; however, recent studies have explored the viability of breast conservation therapy (BCT) as a treatment option for patients with these breast cancer subtypes.10,15–19 In addition, recent investigations have focused on understanding the distinct biological differences between MF/MC and UF breast cancers that could elucidate the underlying causes of the increased aggressiveness and poorer prognosis associated with MF/MC cancers to aid in the selection of better treatment plans for these patients. Some studies have focused on studying the clonality of multiple MF/MC lesions via the homogeneity and  \nThis is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.  \n© 2023 The Authors. Cancer Reports published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.  \nCancer Reports. 2023;6:e1851 .  \n[https://doi.org/10.1002/cnr2.1851](https://doi.org/10.1002/cnr2.1851)  \n[wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/cnr2](wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/cnr2)  \n1 of 7  \nheterogeneity of their grades, hi","cbCaijFq0gCnkWbJ","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaijFq0gCnkWbJ","pdf",924593,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n## Subtype definitions and epidemiology\n## Clinical behavior and treatment approaches\n# Discrepancies in Definitions of Multifocal and Multicentric Breast Cancers","[{\"question\":\"How do multifocal and multicentric breast cancers differ from unifocal breast cancer?\",\"answer\":\"MF and MC breast cancers involve multiple synchronous ipsilateral tumor foci within the same or different breast quadrants, respectively. Compared with unifocal disease, MF/MC cancers tend to be more aggressive with poorer prognostic outcomes.\"},{\"question\":\"Why are MF and MC breast cancer definitions considered challenging to study?\",\"answer\":\"Definitions vary widely across the literature, especially in how breast quadrants are used, the distance between foci, and whether in situ lesions are included. This inconsistency makes understanding and comparing results difficult.\"},{\"question\":\"What biological features do investigations focus on to explain aggressiveness in MF/MC cancers?\",\"answer\":\"Studies focus on clonality and cancer heterogeneity, genetic alterations, molecular subtypes, and expression of biomarkers and pathway-related genes, linking these features to tumor aggressiveness and patient prognosis.\"}]","Current understanding and distinct features of multifocal and multicentric breast cancers | PDF",1790223629,18]