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UV radiation is identified as the key driver of melanocytic transformation, and its oxidative effects disrupt melanoma pathogenesis by altering nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids, impairing signaling and cell-cycle control. Beyond melanocytes, UV-induced oxidative stress contributes to local immunosuppression, enabling immune evasion and further progression.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/current-insights-into-the-role-of-uv-radiation-induced-oxidative-stress-in-melanoma-pathogenesis-review/329350/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/current-insights-into-the-role-of-uv-radiation-induced-oxidative-stress-in-melanoma-pathogenesis-review/329350.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Eden","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-22","2026-09-21",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":24},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"Why is UV radiation considered a key factor in melanoma pathogenesis?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"UV radiation drives melanocytic transformation, and its oxidative effects modify nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids that disrupt cellular signaling and cell-cycle regulation.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How does oxidative stress influence melanoma beyond melanocytes?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"UV-induced oxidative stress affects exposed skin tissue by promoting immunosuppression, which supports immune surveillance evasion and further disease progression.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What challenges remain in understanding oxidative stress in melanoma?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The exact role of oxidative stress in initiation and progression remains unclear because its effects on cancerous cells depend on specific biological context.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},329350,1790051484,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":24,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},1374391974468,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_29158cc5080c5b710cf443261637dec0","Review  \nCurrent Insights into the Role of UV Radiation-Induced Oxidative Stress in Melanoma Pathogenesis  \nErnest Gieniusz, Elbieta Skrzydlewska  and Wojciech Łuczaj *  \nCitation: Gieniusz, E.; Skrzydlewska, E.; Łuczaj, W. Current Insights into the Role of UV Radiation-Induced Oxidative Stress in Melanoma Pathogenesis. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 11651. [https://doi.org/10.3390/](https://doi.org/10.3390/)[ ](https://doi.org/10.3390/)ijms252111651  \nAcademic Editor: Balázs Margit  \nReceived: 4 October 2024  \nRevised: 25 October 2024  \nAccepted: 28 October 2024  \nPublished: 30 October 2024  \nCopyright: © 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ([https://](https://)[ ](https://)[creativecommons.org/licenses/by/](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[ ](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[4.0/](4.0/)) .  \nDepartment of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2D, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; [38694@student.umb.edu.pl](38694@student.umb.edu.pl) (E.G.); [elzbieta.skrzydlewska@umb.edu.pl](elzbieta.skrzydlewska@umb.edu.pl) (E.S.)  \n* [Correspondence: wojciech.luczaj@umb.edu.pl](Correspondence: wojciech.luczaj@umb.edu.pl); Tel.: +48-857485882  \nAbstract: Cutaneous melanoma accounts for the majority of skin cancer-related deaths, and its incidence increases each year. The growing number of melanoma cases, especially in advanced stages, poses a significant socio-medical challenge throughout the world. Extensive research on melanoma pathogenesis identifies UV radiation as the most important factor in melanocytic transformation. Oxidative effects of UV irradiation exert their influence on melanoma pathogenesis primarily through modification of nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids, further disrupting cellular signaling and cell cycle regulation. Its effects extend beyond melanocytes, leading to immunosuppression in the exposed skin tissue, which consequently creates conditions for immune surveillance evasion and further progression. In this review, we focus on the specific molecular changes observed in the UV-dependent oxidative stress environment and their biological consequences in the course of the disease, which have not been considered in previous reviews on melanoma. Nonetheless, data show that the exact role of oxidative stress in melanoma initiation and progression remains unclear, as it affects cancerous cells differently depending on the specific context. A better understanding of the pathophysiological basis of melanoma development holds promise for identifying potential targets, which could lead to effective melanoma prevention strategies.  \nKeywords: cellular signaling; melanocytes; melanoma; melanoma progression; melanoma metastasis; molecular background; oxidative stress; UV radiation  \n1. Introduction  \nCutaneous melanoma is a malignancy arising from melanocytes, pigment-producing cells located in basilar epidermis [1] . It is the most aggressive type of skin cancer characterized by rapid progression and substantial metastatic potential [2] . The prevalence of melanoma is higher among fair-skinned individuals [3], and there are many recognized risk factors, including exposure to UV radiation, immunosuppression, and the presence of multiple nevi, especially dysplastic nevi [4,5] . In 2020 alone, over 57,000 patients died from melanoma, accounting for 80% of all skin cancer deaths [6] . Despite numerous screening programs, the global melanoma incidence reached 325,000 new cases in 2020 and is increasing every year, posing a significant challenge for healthcare systems in developed countries [7] . Moreover, melanoma patients from emerging nations tend to have a worse prognosis due to limited access to medical assistance and late diagnoses [8] .  \nMelanoma development is initiated by biological changes in melanocytes undergoing neoplastic transformation. Melanocyte","cbCaisMPzlfm1rYk","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaisMPzlfm1rYk","pdf",3003774,28,"English","# Introduction\n## Melanoma overview and risk factors\n## Melanocyte biology and melanoma subtypes\n# Oxidative stress in UV-driven melanoma progression","[{\"question\":\"Why is UV radiation considered a key factor in melanoma pathogenesis?\",\"answer\":\"UV radiation drives melanocytic transformation, and its oxidative effects modify nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids that disrupt cellular signaling and cell-cycle regulation.\"},{\"question\":\"How does oxidative stress influence melanoma beyond melanocytes?\",\"answer\":\"UV-induced oxidative stress affects exposed skin tissue by promoting immunosuppression, which supports immune surveillance evasion and further disease progression.\"},{\"question\":\"What challenges remain in understanding oxidative stress in melanoma?\",\"answer\":\"The exact role of oxidative stress in initiation and progression remains unclear because its effects on cancerous cells depend on specific biological context.\"}]","Current Insights into the Role of UV Radiation-Induced Oxidative Stress in Melanoma Pathogenesis - Review | PDF",1789983777,71]