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Conventional management combines surgery for resectable disease with radiotherapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, or combinations for non-resectable cases, yet many patients develop incurable recurrences and acquired multidrug resistance. Tumor escape mechanisms include drug inactivation and altered drug influx/efflux, driven by changes such as ATP-binding cassette transporter overexpression. Target-specific emerging strategies, including immune boosting, non-coding RNA therapies, probiotics, natural products, oncolytic viruses, and biomarker-guided approaches, show promise in preclinical and clinical studies and may complement standard regimens.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/current-and-emerging-therapeutic-approaches-for-colorectal-cancer-a-comprehensive-review/405667/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/current-and-emerging-therapeutic-approaches-for-colorectal-cancer-a-comprehensive-review/405667.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Genevieve","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-31","2026-09-28",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":52},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What are the main conventional treatments for colorectal cancer in the review?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"For resectable CRC, the primary therapy is surgical removal. For non-resectable CRC, standard approaches include chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, or combinations.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"Why are new therapeutic strategies needed despite current treatments?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Nearly half of patients develop incurable recurring CRC and many relapse due to acquired multidrug resistance. 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With roughly 608000 deaths worldwide, CRC accounts for 8% of all cancer-related deaths, making it the second most common cause of death due to cancer. Standard and conventional CRC treatments include surgical expurgation for resectable CRC and radiotherapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and their combinational regimen for non-resectable CRC. Despite these tactics, nearly half of patients develop incurable recurring CRC. Cancer cells resist the effects of chemotherapeutic drugs in a variety of ways, including drug inactivation, drug influx and efflux modifications, and ATPbinding cassette transporter overexpression. These constraints necessitate the development of new target-specific therapeutic strategies. Emerging therapeutic approaches, such as targeted immune boosting therapies, non-coding RNA-based therapies, probiotics, natural products, oncolytic viral therapies, and biomarkerdriven therapies, have shown promising results in preclinical and clinical studies. We tethered the entire evolutionary trends in the development of CRC treatmentsin this review and discussed the potential of new therapies and how they might be used in conjunction with conventional treatments as well as their advantagesand drawbacks as future medicines.  \nKey Words: Colorectal cancer; Chemotherapy; Immunotherapy; RNA interference; Probiotics; Oncolytic viral therapy  \n©The Author(s) 2023. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.  \n WJGS  [https://www.wjgnet.com](https://www.wjgnet.com) 495 April 27, 2023  Volume 15  Issue 4   \nKumar A et al. Future perspective on CRC therapeutics  \nCore Tip: This review highlights some of the latest colorectal cancer treatment approaches that have the potential to soon translate into standard care. A vast literature of patient data has revealed that conventional therapies are non-specific and have numerous secondary complications. Additionally, patients develop resistance to conventional chemotherapies. There is a need to develop new target-specific arrows in the cancer-fighting quiver.  \nCitation: Kumar A, Gautam V, Sandhu A, Rawat K, Sharma A, Saha L. Current and emerging therapeutic approaches for colorectal cancer: A comprehensive review. World J Gastrointest Surg 2023; 15(4): 495-519  \nURL: [https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-9366/ful","cbCaieCyPB3vjs12","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaieCyPB3vjs12","pdf",2527599,26,"English","# Introduction\n# Current and emerging therapeutic approaches for colorectal cancer\n## Target-specific therapies and emerging strategies\n## Integration with conventional treatments","[{\"question\":\"What are the main conventional treatments for colorectal cancer in the review?\",\"answer\":\"For resectable CRC, the primary therapy is surgical removal. For non-resectable CRC, standard approaches include chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, or combinations.\"},{\"question\":\"Why are new therapeutic strategies needed despite current treatments?\",\"answer\":\"Nearly half of patients develop incurable recurring CRC and many relapse due to acquired multidrug resistance. Cancer cells resist therapy through mechanisms such as drug inactivation and altered drug influx/efflux, including transporter overexpression.\"},{\"question\":\"What emerging therapeutic approaches are highlighted for CRC?\",\"answer\":\"The review discusses targeted immune boosting therapies, non-coding RNA-based therapies, probiotics, natural products, oncolytic viral therapies, and biomarker-driven therapies, based on preclinical and clinical findings.\"}]","Current and emerging therapeutic approaches for colorectal cancer: A comprehensive review | PDF",1790561353,66]