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It also covers Operation Sagar Bandhu and related missions, the DHRUVA framework for unique digital addresses, and how neurotechnology and BCIs support healthcare and assistive applications.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/","Research & Report",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/crypto-currency-regulation-in-india-taxation-and-compliance-overview/318881/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/crypto-currency-regulation-in-india-taxation-and-compliance-overview/318881.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"Oliver","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-07","2026-09-20",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",11,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"How does India classify cryptocurrencies for regulatory purposes?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"India classifies cryptocurrencies as virtual digital assets (VDAs) rather than as currency. They are not legal tender, so merchants are not required to accept them.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"What taxation rules apply to profits from crypto transactions in India?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"Profits from selling or transferring crypto assets are taxed at a flat 30%. A 1% TDS applies to transactions above the specified threshold.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"What is the DHRUVA framework and what problem does it solve?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"DHRUVA is proposed to create unique virtual addresses for every Indian resident by digitising physical addresses with unique digital labels. 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Examples include Bitcoin, Ethereum, and Litecoin.  \no The government classifies cryptocurrencies as virtual digital assets (VDAs), not as currency.  \no They are not legal tender, so merchants don’t have to accept them.  \no However, in India they are not banned—one can legally buy, hold, sell, or trade them.  \no Taxation: Profits from selling or transferring crypto assets are taxed at a flat 30%, and a 1% TDS applies to transactions above the specified threshold.  \no Losses from crypto trades generally cannot be offset against other income—so one can’t reduce their tax burden by offsetting crypto losses with e.g. salary income.  \no Who ensures compliance? :  \no Reserve Bank of India (RBI): Monitors financial stability and warns banks about risks linked to cryptocurrency.  \no Financial Intelligence Unit–India (FIU-IND): Tracks suspicious transactions.  \no Virtual Asset Service Providers (VASPs): Ensure Know Your Customer (KYC), reporting, and security standards, strengthening safeguards after major 2024 hacks.  \no The RBI launched the Digital Rupee (CBDC) in 2022 asa government-backed digital currency.  \no VDA vs CBDC: Virtual Digital Assets (VDAs) are decentralized crypto assets, while the Digital Rupee (CBDC) is a centralized, RBI-issued digital currency.  \nOperation Sagar Bandhu  \nIndia has increased humanitarian aid to cyclone-hit Sri Lanka as part of Operation Sagar Bandhu.  \no Operation Sagar Bandhu is an ongoing Indian Navy initiative provides urgent assistance to Sri Lanka after Cyclone Ditwah. It focuses on search and rescue operations and supplying essential relief materials.  \no Other recent operations by India:  \no Operation Sindhu (2025): Evacuation of Indian nationals from Iran and later Israel during conflict.  \no Operation Kaveri (2023): Evacuation of Indians from conflict-hit Sudan.  \no Operation Ganga (2022): Evacuation of Indian citizens from Ukraine during the Russia–Ukraine war.  \no Operation Dost (2023): Humanitarian aid and rescue assistance to earthquake-hit Turkey and Syria.  \no Operation Brahma (2025): Disaster-relief and humanitarian assistance to earthquake-affected Myanmar.  \nDigital Hub for Reference and Unique Virtual Address (Dhruva Framework)  \nThe Department of Posts proposed a framework called Digital Hub for Reference and Unique Virtual Address, or DHRUVA, to create unique virtual addresses for every Indian resident.  \no DHRUVA is a system to standardise and digitise physical addresses using unique digital labels, similar to how Aadhaar and UPI work.  \no It means DHRUVA will give every physical address a unique digital code, just like Aadhaar gives each person an ID and UPI gives each user a payment ID.  \no One Nation, One Address System: DHRUVA gives every location one verified digital address code that can be used across all services, creating a unified national address system.  \no Key Features:  \no DIGIPIN Integration: Builds on the geo-tagged DIGIPIN system for national-level consistency.  \no Address-as-a-Service (AaaS): Enables secure management, sharing, and validation of address data across platforms.  \no User Autonomy: Gives citizens control over how their digital address is stored and shared, improving privacy.  \no Open & Accessible: Designed as a free public digital infrastructure for government and private use.  \no Consent-Driven: Allows address data to be shared only with the user’s approval.  \no The DIGIPIN (Digital Postal Index Number) isan open-source, interoperable, geo-coded, grid-based digital address system developed by the Department of Posts in collaboration with IIT Hyderabad and NRSC, ISRO.  \nNeurotechnology  \nIndia is exploring neurotechnology and Brain–Computer Interfaces (BCIs) as strategic tools to boost healthcare, drive economic growth,","cbCainBDyX8TCFOh","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCainBDyX8TCFOh","pdf",1086750,"English","# Crypto Currency Regulation in India\n## Core legal status and legality\n## Taxation and risk/compliance bodies\n## RBI Digital Rupee (CBDC) and VDA vs CBDC\n# Operation Sagar Bandhu\n## Purpose and scope\n## Related Indian operations\n# Digital Hub for Reference and Unique Virtual Address (DHRUVA)\n## What it enables\n## Key features and DIGIPIN integration\n# Neurotechnology\n## What it is and how it works\n## Key areas and applications\n# Brain-Computer Interface (BCI)\n## Working principle and two-way link\n## Applications","[{\"question\":\"How does India classify cryptocurrencies for regulatory purposes?\",\"answer\":\"India classifies cryptocurrencies as virtual digital assets (VDAs) rather than as currency. They are not legal tender, so merchants are not required to accept them.\"},{\"question\":\"What taxation rules apply to profits from crypto transactions in India?\",\"answer\":\"Profits from selling or transferring crypto assets are taxed at a flat 30%. A 1% TDS applies to transactions above the specified threshold.\"},{\"question\":\"What is the DHRUVA framework and what problem does it solve?\",\"answer\":\"DHRUVA is proposed to create unique virtual addresses for every Indian resident by digitising physical addresses with unique digital labels. It aims to standardise addresses so one verified code can be used across services.\"}]","Crypto Currency Regulation in India - Taxation and Compliance Overview | PDF",1789941424,13]