[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-442948-105":59,"doc-detail-442948-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","cry2-prompts-clock-oscillation-and-temporomandibular-joint-homeostasis-under-mechanical-loading","Cry2 prompts clock oscillation and temporomandibular joint homeostasis under mechanical loading","","A circadian rhythm (CR) framework links cartilage degeneration to disrupted clock gene activity, yet the role of mechanical loading in coordinating CR and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) cartilage homeostasis remains unclear. This study used rhythmic compression models in rat TMJ chondrocytes and condyle explants to test how loading controls circadian oscillations and matrix stability. One-week static culture reduced core clock genes and accelerated degeneration, whereas daily rhythmic loading sustained oscillations and partially preserved homeostasis via ROCK-actin-dependent Cry2 nuclear-cytoplasmic trafficking.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/cry2-prompts-clock-oscillation-and-temporomandibular-joint-homeostasis-under-mechanical-loading/442948/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/cry2-prompts-clock-oscillation-and-temporomandibular-joint-homeostasis-under-mechanical-loading/442948.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"LangkahRina","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-03","2026-09-29",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":81},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What question does the study address about TMJ cartilage and circadian rhythms?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"It examines whether circadian rhythm gene activity, specifically Cry2-mediated clock oscillation, participates in maintaining TMJ cartilage homeostasis under mechanical loading.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How were mechanical loading and unloading modeled in the experiments?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Rat TMJ chondrocytes and condyle explants were subjected to rhythmic compression (12 hours on/12 hours off) for loading, while unloading controls used static culture conditions.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What were the key molecular findings linking mechanical loading to cartilage homeostasis?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Rhythmic loading sustained oscillations of core clock genes and promoted Per1 and Cry2 nuclear-cytoplasmic shuttling. Cry2 nuclear translocation depended on ROCK activation and actin polymerization, and Cry2 down-regulation attenuated both circadian oscillations and homeostasis.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},442948,1790742175,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":81,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},962090893776,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","Cry2 prompts clock oscillation and temporomandibular joint homeostasis under mechanical loading  \nFrom The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China  \nCite this article:  \nBone Joint Res 2026;15(1): 25–41.  \nDOI: 10. 1302/2046-3758 .  \n151.BJR-2025-0164.R1  \nCorrespondence should be sent to Dapeng Ren  \n[rendapeng@qdu.edu.cn](rendapeng@qdu.edu.cn)  \nC. Li,1,2,3 Y. Zhao,4 J. Song,5 N. Wang,1,2,3 X. Zhang,4 M. Sui,6 X. Zeng,1,2,3 X. Yuan,1,2,3 D. Ren1,2,3  \n1Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliat Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China 2School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China  \n3Department of Central Laboratory, The Affiliat Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China  \n4Department of Pathology, The Affiliat Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China 5Department of Stomatology Medical Center, Qingdao University Affiliat Qingdao Women and Children’s Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China  \n6College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China  \nAims  \nCartilage metabolism exhibits circadian rhythms (CR), and disruption of these often correlates with cartilage degeneration. Mechanical stimulation is a vital zeitgeber of CR in cartilage. However, the effects of mechanical loading on CR and cartilage homeostasis have not been explored. In this study, we aimed to explore the involvement of CR in mediating temporomandibular joint (TMJ) cartilage homeostasis under mechanical loading.  \nMethods  \nWe introduced the mechanical loading models of both rat TMJ chondrocytes and condyleexplants. The mechanical loading was applied through rhythmic compression (12 hrs on and 12 hrs off). while the mechanical unloading model was set as control through static culture of cells and explants.  \nResults  \nOne-week static culture led to imbalanced cartilage metabolism and accelerated cartilage degeneration. This was accompanied by diminished levels of core clock genes (bmal1, clock, per1, and cry2), compared with oscillations of these genes in one-day static cultured chondrocytes and condyle explants. Rhythmic physiological mechanical loading for one week not only sustained the oscillations of CR genes, but also partially maintained homeostasis of cartilage. The mechanistic delineation confirmed that one week of mechanical loading promoted the nuclear-cytoplasmic shuttling of Per1 and Cry2, which were obvious in one-day static cultured chondrocytes but weakened in one-week static cultured cells. Furthermore, nuclear translocation of Cry2, but not Per1, was dependent upon mechanical loading-induced Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) activation and actin polymerization. Inhibition of ROCK caused actin depolymerization and partially blocked Cry2 nuclear-cytoplasmic trafficking. Finally, down-regulation of Cry2 in both chondrocytes and condyle explants attenuated mechanical loading-sustained circadian oscillations and cartilage homeostasis.  \nConclusion  \nThis study elucidated the involvement of CR in mediating mechanical loading-related cartilage homeostasis, as well as the critical role of ROCK-actin-Cry2 in regulating normal CR and homeostasis ofTMJ cartilage under rhythmic mechanical loading.  \nArticle focus  \n• This study investigated the role of circadian gene cry2 in mediating the beneficial  \neffect of mechanical stimuli on maintaining the cartilage homeostasis, and the underlying mechanism involving  \nRho-kinase (ROCK) pathway and cytoskeletal actin dynamics.  \nKey messages  \n• One-week static culture of both temporomandibular joint (TMJ) chondrocytes and cartilage explants led to disturbed cartilage matrix gene expressions and cartilage matrix degeneration, which could be compromised by rhythmic daily mechanical compression.  \n• Rhythmic mechanical compression-induced nuclearcytoplasmic translocation of cry2 protein is critical for oscillations of other circadian genes and balanced expressions of cartilage matrix genes and proteases.  \n• The mechanical stimuli-i","cbCaig2FfRqTWn1o","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaig2FfRqTWn1o","pdf",37678366,17,"English","# Aims\n# Methods\n# Results\n# Conclusion\n## Article focus\n## Key messages\n## Strengths and limitations\n# Introduction","[{\"question\":\"What question does the study address about TMJ cartilage and circadian rhythms?\",\"answer\":\"It examines whether circadian rhythm gene activity, specifically Cry2-mediated clock oscillation, participates in maintaining TMJ cartilage homeostasis under mechanical loading.\"},{\"question\":\"How were mechanical loading and unloading modeled in the experiments?\",\"answer\":\"Rat TMJ chondrocytes and condyle explants were subjected to rhythmic compression (12 hours on/12 hours off) for loading, while unloading controls used static culture conditions.\"},{\"question\":\"What were the key molecular findings linking mechanical loading to cartilage homeostasis?\",\"answer\":\"Rhythmic loading sustained oscillations of core clock genes and promoted Per1 and Cry2 nuclear-cytoplasmic shuttling. Cry2 nuclear translocation depended on ROCK activation and actin polymerization, and Cry2 down-regulation attenuated both circadian oscillations and homeostasis.\"}]","Cry2 prompts clock oscillation and temporomandibular joint homeostasis under mechanical loading | PDF",1790702273,43]