[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-217115-en":3,"doc-seo-217115-105":31,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":97},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":21,"is_downloadable":21,"audit_status":21,"page_count":22,"language":23,"language_code":24,"site_id":25,"html_lang":24,"table_of_contents":26,"faqs":27,"seo_title":28,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":29,"read_time":30},217115,1374391974468,"Eden","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_29158cc5080c5b710cf443261637dec0",8,"Research & Report","Cristina Possas' Economic Thought on Surplus Population Under Latin American Capitalism and Its Consequences - Original Article","Relative superpopulation, a Marxist-theory concept, explains how capitalism sustains an industrial reserve army comprising an additional or surplus working population beyond what the system needs. The article examines how Cristina Possas conceptualizes this overpopulation, treating marginalization as an inherent consequence of capitalism. It also considers how, 22 years later, Sarah Maria Escorel de Moraes and Hayda Josiane Alves reframe marginalization by addressing real societal and human impacts of social exclusion. A critical essay approach supports the content analysis.","Crit Revolucionária, 2023;3:e009  \nArtigo original  \n[https://doi.org/10.14295/2764-4979-RC_CR.2023.v3.e54](https://doi.org/10.14295/2764-4979-RC_CR.2023.v3.e54)  \nCRISTINA POSSAS' ECONOMIC THOUGHT ON SURPLUS POPULATION UNDERLATIN AMERICAN CAPITALISM AND ITS CONSEQUENCES  \nBY SARAH ESCOREL AND HAYDA ALVES  \nAlex Henrique Brasil Brião de OLIVEIRA ~~i~~   \nArthur PILAVDJIANii    \nClaudia Maria Venegas KAUNEiii  \nGláucio Nóbrega de SOUZAiv    \nJosé Ricardo Casarin COSTAv   \nLucas Ming Chian SUNvi  \nMichelle Louise KORMANNvii  \nSabrina Goretti da SILVAviii   \n~~i~~ Universidade Nove de Julho – Uninove. São Paulo, SP, Brasil.  \n~~ii~~ Universidade de São Paulo – USP, Faculdade de Saúde Pública – FSP. São Paulo, SP, Brasil.  \n~~iii~~ Universidade de São Paulo – USP, Faculdade de Saúde Pública – FSP. São Paulo, SP, Brasil.  \n~~iv~~ Universidade de São Paulo – USP, Faculdade de Saúde Pública – FSP. São Paulo, SP, Brasil.  \n~~v~~ Universidade de São Paulo – USP, Faculdade de Saúde Pública – FSP. São Paulo, SP, Brasil.  \nvi Universidade de São Paulo – USP, Faculdade de Saúde Pública – FSP. São Paulo, SP, Brasil.  \nvii Universidade de São Paulo – USP, Faculdade de Saúde Pública–FSP, Curso de Economia e Gestão em Saúde. São Paulo, SP, Brasil.  \nviii Universidade de São Paulo – USP, Faculdade de Saúde Pública–FSP, Curso de Economia e Gestão em Saúde. São Paulo, SP, Brasil.  \nAuthor de correspondence: Alex Henrique Brasil Brião de Oliveira [alexbr.oliveira01i@gmail.com](alexbr.oliveira01i@gmail.com)  \nReceived: 26 jul 2023  \nReviewed: 02 ago 2023  \nApproved: 04 ago 2023  \n[https://doi.org/10.14295/2764-4979-RC_CR.v3.e54](https://doi.org/10.14295/2764-4979-RC_CR.v3.e54)  \nCopyright: Open-access article, under the terms of the Creative Commons License (CC BY-NC), which allows copying and redistribution, remixing, transforming and creating from the work, provided it is noncommercial. Credit must be given.  \nAbstract  \nRelative superpopulation, a concept of Marxist theory, determines that capitalism has an industrial reserve army, composed of an additional or superfluous working population, beyond what the capitalist system really needs. The objective of this article is to analyze how Cristina Possas conceptualizes this overpopulation, strictly dialoguing with the theoretical point of view, treating marginalization as one of the inherent consequences of capitalism, and how, 22 years later, Sarah Maria Escorel de Moraes and Hayda Josiane Alves repackage the theme of marginalization, covering the real impacts that social exclusion can generate in society and inhuman beings. The critical essay was used as a textual modality and as a method of content analysis.  \nDescriptors: Capitalism; Health economics; Public health; Economic history; Reserve army; Industrial development.  \n\n| EL PENSAMIENTO ECONÓMICO\u003Cbr>DE CRISTINA POSSAS SOBRE LA SOBREPOBLACIÓN BAJO EL CAPITALISMO LATINOAMERICANO POR SARAH ESCORELY HAYDA ALVES\u003Cbr>Resumen: La superpoblaciónrelativa, un concepto de la teoríamarxista, determina que el capitalismo tiene un ejército industrial de reserva, compuesto por una población trabajadora adicional o superflua, más allá delo que realmente necesita el |  | PENSAMENTO ECONÔMICO\u003Cbr>DE CRISTINA POSSAS SOBRE A POPULAÇÃOEXCEDENTE NO CAPITALISMO LATINOAMERICANO E SUAS CONSEQUÊNCIAS\u003Cbr>EM SARAH ESCOREL E HAYDA ALVES\u003Cbr>Resumo: A superpopulação relativa, conceito da teoria marxista, determina que o capitalismo tenha o exército industrial de reserva, composto por uma populaçãotrabalhadora adicional ou supérflua, além do que o sistema capitalistarealmente necessite. O objetivo desteartigo é analisar como Cristina Possas conceitua esta |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n\n\n| sistema capitalista. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar cómo Cristina Possas conceptualiza esta sobrepoblación, dialogandoestrictamente con el punto de vistateórico, tratando la marginación como una de las consecuencias inherentes al capitalismo, y cómo, 22 años después, Sarah Maria Escorel ","cbCaijfgRinfathj","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaijfgRinfathj","pdf",298435,2,1,17,"English","en",105,"# Introduction\n## Evolution of Labor Relations\n## From Prehistoric Human Society to the Modern Age","[{\"question\":\"What does the concept of relative superpopulation mean in this article?\",\"answer\":\"It refers to a Marxist-theory idea that capitalism creates an industrial reserve army made up of an additional or surplus working population beyond actual system needs.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the article describe Cristina Possas’s approach to overpopulation?\",\"answer\":\"It analyzes how Possas conceptualizes surplus population through a theoretical dialogue, linking marginalization to inherent consequences of capitalism.\"},{\"question\":\"What contribution do the later authors make to the marginalization theme?\",\"answer\":\"It explains that 22 years later Escorel de Moraes and Alves reframe marginalization by covering real impacts social exclusion can generate in society and in human beings.\"}]","Cristina Possas' Economic Thought on Surplus Population Under Latin American Capitalism and Its Consequences - Original Article | PDF",1788830855,43,{"code":4,"msg":32,"data":33},"ok",{"site_id":25,"language":24,"slug":34,"title":13,"keywords":35,"description":14,"schema_data":36,"social_meta":92,"head_meta":94,"extra_data":96,"updated_unix":29},"cristina-possas-economic-thought-on-surplus-population-under-latin-american-capitalism-and-its-consequences-original-article","",{"@graph":37,"@context":91},[38,54,74],{"@type":39,"itemListElement":40},"BreadcrumbList",[41,45,48,51],{"item":42,"name":43,"@type":44,"position":21},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":46,"name":47,"@type":44,"position":20},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",{"item":49,"name":12,"@type":44,"position":50},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":52,"name":13,"@type":44,"position":53},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/cristina-possas-economic-thought-on-surplus-population-under-latin-american-capitalism-and-its-consequences-original-article/217115/",4,{"url":52,"name":13,"@type":55,"image":56,"author":61,"headline":13,"publisher":63,"fileFormat":66,"inLanguage":24,"description":14,"dateModified":67,"datePublished":68,"encodingFormat":66,"isAccessibleForFree":69,"interactionStatistic":70},"DigitalDocument",{"url":57,"@type":58,"width":59,"height":60},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/cristina-possas-economic-thought-on-surplus-population-under-latin-american-capitalism-and-its-consequences-original-article/217115.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":9,"@type":62},"Person",{"url":42,"name":64,"@type":65},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-09-11","2026-09-08",true,{"@type":71,"interactionType":72,"userInteractionCount":20},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":73},"ViewAction",{"@type":75,"mainEntity":76},"FAQPage",[77,83,87],{"name":78,"@type":79,"acceptedAnswer":80},"What does the concept of relative superpopulation mean in this article?","Question",{"text":81,"@type":82},"It refers to a Marxist-theory idea that capitalism creates an industrial reserve army made up of an additional or surplus working population beyond actual system needs.","Answer",{"name":84,"@type":79,"acceptedAnswer":85},"How does the article describe Cristina Possas’s approach to overpopulation?",{"text":86,"@type":82},"It analyzes how Possas conceptualizes surplus population through a theoretical dialogue, linking marginalization to inherent consequences of capitalism.",{"name":88,"@type":79,"acceptedAnswer":89},"What contribution do the later authors make to the marginalization theme?",{"text":90,"@type":82},"It explains that 22 years later Escorel de Moraes and Alves reframe marginalization by covering real impacts social exclusion can generate in society and in human beings.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":52,"og:type":93,"og:title":13,"og:site_name":64,"og:description":14},"article",{"robots":95,"canonical":52},"index,follow",{"doc_id":7,"site_id":25},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":98},[99,103,107,111,116,121,126,129,134,137,141],{"id":21,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":100,"show_sort_weight":101,"slug":102},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":20,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":104,"show_sort_weight":105,"slug":106},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":53,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":108,"show_sort_weight":109,"slug":110},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":112,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":113,"show_sort_weight":114,"slug":115},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":117,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":118,"show_sort_weight":119,"slug":120},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":122,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":123,"show_sort_weight":124,"slug":125},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":11,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":12,"show_sort_weight":127,"slug":128},30,"research-report",{"id":130,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":131,"show_sort_weight":132,"slug":133},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":132,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":135,"show_sort_weight":132,"slug":136},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":138,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":139,"show_sort_weight":138,"slug":140},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":142,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":143,"show_sort_weight":112,"slug":144},19,"General","general"]