[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-116244-en":3,"doc-seo-116244-105":30,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":91},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":4,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":20,"is_downloadable":20,"audit_status":20,"page_count":21,"language":22,"language_code":23,"site_id":24,"html_lang":23,"table_of_contents":25,"faqs":26,"seo_title":27,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":28,"read_time":29},116244,1649267921044,"Ava Thompson","https://us-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/1800007509477c92dfb?_k=1782875107921204101",8,"Research & Report","Criminal Justice - A Very Short Introduction - Second Edition - overview","Criminal Justice: A Very Short Introduction, Second Edition, offers a concise entry point to the criminal justice system, outlining its origins, key features, and how justice operates between crime and the courts. The edition emphasizes ongoing problems such as racial injustice and the overrepresentation of racial and ethnic minorities in prison populations, while also addressing the impact of recent developments, including Artificial Intelligence. It highlights how punishment and imprisonment work in practice and surveys likely future directions, supported by current research and the author’s professional experience.","This image shows the cover of Criminal Justice: AVery Short Introduction  \n[OceanofPDF.com](OceanofPDF.com)  \nJulian V. Roberts  \nCriminal Justice  \nA Very Short Introduction  \nSecond Edition  \n[OceanofPDF.com](OceanofPDF.com)  \nGreat Clarendon Street, Oxford, OX2 6DP, United Kingdom  \nOxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide. Oxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford University Press in the UK and in certain other countries.  \n© Julian V. Roberts 2026  \nThe moral rights of the author have been asserted.  \nFirst edition published 2015  \nAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, transmitted, used for text and data mining, or used for training artificial intelligence, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permitted by law, by licence or under terms agreed with the appropriate reprographics rights organization. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of the above should be sent to the Rights Department, Oxford University Press, at the address above.  \nYou must not circulate this work in any other form and you must impose this same condition on any acquirer.  \nLinks to third party websites are provided by Oxford in good faith and for information only. Oxford disclaims any responsibility for the materials contained in any third party website referenced in this work.  \nPublished in the United States of America by Oxford University Press  \n198 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016, United States of America  \nBritish Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Data available  \nLibrary of Congress Control Number: 2025945149 ISBN 9780198895718 (print)  \nISBN 9780198895732 (epub)  \nDOI: 10. 1093/9780191997938 .001.0001  \nPrinted and bound by CPI Group (UK) Ltd., Croydon, CR0 4YY  \nThe manufacturer ’s authorized representative in the EU for product safety is Oxford University Press España S.A. of Parque Empresarial San Fernando de Henares, Avenida de Castilla, 2 – 28830 Madrid (  [www.oup.es/en](www.oup.es/en or product.safety@oup.com)[ or ](www.oup.es/en or product.safety@oup.com)[product.safety@oup.com](www.oup.es/en or product.safety@oup.com)). OUP España S.A. also acts as importer into Spain of products made by the manufacturer.  \nCreated on: 20 April 2026 at 10:48 a.m.  \n[OceanofPDF.com](OceanofPDF.com)  \nDedication  \nFor Michelle  \n[OceanofPDF.com](OceanofPDF.com)  \nContents  \nPreface to the second edition  \nAcknowledgements  \nList of illustrations  \n1 The origins and key features of criminal justice  \n2 Between the crime and the court  \n3 Inside the criminal courts  \n4 Why punish …and how?  \n5 In and out of prison  \n6 The future of criminal justice  \nAppendix: Extract from Court of Appeal judgment and commentary: the case of ‘Ms Barrett’  \nFurther reading, chapter references, and additional resources  \nIndex  \n[OceanofPDF.com](OceanofPDF.com)  \nPreface to the second edition  \nA decade has passed since the first edition of this book was published.  \nMuch has happened to the world and criminal justice in particular. Events such as the killing of George Floyd, the African-American, by Minneapolis police officers in 2020 have raised awareness around the world of the longstanding problems of racial injustice. The US is not alone. Racial and ethnic minorities in all western nations have long attracted differential treatment from criminal justice officials. As a result, these communities are greatly overrepresented in prison populations. This new edition highlights this and other recent developments. The rise of Artificial Intelligence is another significant development which has transformed criminal justice in many nations.  \nWriting a VSI is challenging to academics used to the luxury of 100,000-word volumes with pages of footnotes. A volume on criminal justi","cbCaihTnJjPsmV6m","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaihTnJjPsmV6m","pdf",6314794,1,142,"English","en",105,"# Preface to the second edition\n# Acknowledgements\n# List of illustrations\n# 1 The origins and key features of criminal justice\n# 2 Between the crime and the court\n# 3 Inside the criminal courts\n# 4 Why punish…and how?\n# 5 In and out of prison\n# 6 The future of criminal justice\n## Appendix: Extract from Court of Appeal judgment and commentary: the case of ‘Ms Barrett’\n## Further reading, chapter references, and additional resources\n# Index","[{\"question\":\"What themes does the second edition highlight most strongly?\",\"answer\":\"The second edition foregrounds longstanding problems of racial injustice and how racial and ethnic minorities are overrepresented in prison populations, while also noting how Artificial Intelligence has transformed criminal justice in many nations.\"},{\"question\":\"How is the book structured to explain the criminal justice system?\",\"answer\":\"It moves from origins and key features, through events between crime and court, then into what happens inside criminal courts, punishment and prison life, and finally the future of criminal justice.\"},{\"question\":\"What is the purpose of this book for readers?\",\"answer\":\"The author aims to introduce readers to key elements of the criminal justice system in a short format, making selective choices among issues and summarizing the latest research findings.\"}]","Criminal Justice - 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