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It includes key collocations and sentence patterns such as crimes of passion, serving prison sentences, contesting verdicts, applying the full weight of the law, zero tolerance, rehabilitation chances, and reintegrating into society. The material also covers sentencing types and enforcement actions, including non-custodial sentences, bans, probation, forensic evidence, surveillance cameras, and capital punishment, each with clear examples for 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ENVIRONMENT .................... 14\nBUSINESS AND MONEY ............... 20\nGOVERNMENT ............................... 25\nSPORT AND EXERCISE ................ 30\nSPACE EXPLORATION ................. 35\n2\nIELTS VOCABULARY BY TOPICS\nCRIME AND PUNISHMENT\n1. crime of passion\nMeaning: refers to a crime, especially murder, caused by sexual jealousy\nExample: People who carry out crimes of passion often regret their actions later, when they reflect on what they have done.\n2. to serve a prison sentence\nMeaning: to carry out confinement in prison as a punishment\nExample: They are serving long prison sentences for their part in the assassination.\n3. to turn to crime/ drugs\nMeaning: To start committing crimes or using drugs.\nExample: During periods of high youth unemployment, some youngsters turn to crime to obtain money.\n4. to be tough on crime\nMeaning: To punish crime severely\nExample: The crime rate is likely to fall if governments take strong measures to be tough on crime.\n5. to contest the verdict\nMeaning: not agree with the decision of the jury after the trial of a case\nExample: In many countries, the accused person has the right to contest the verdict which was reached in the court.\n6. to take into consideration\nMeaning: to think about a particular fact or detail and allow it to have some influence when you are making a decision\nExample: The previous criminal records of those who are found guilty must be taken into consideration when a sentence is passed.\n3\nIELTS VOCABULARY BY TOPICS\n7. to reintegrate back into society/ community\nMeaning: to restore someone through education or therapy\nExample: There is an increasing focus among policy-makers and practitioners on identifying programs and strategies that will help prisoners successfully reintegrate back into their communities without re-offending.\n8. to be soft on crime\nMeaning: not to impose strict punishments on offenders\nExample: In order to deter criminals effectively, governments must not follow policies which are soft on crime.\n9. a policy of zero tolerance\nMeaning: a policy of applying laws very strictly, so that every illegal action is punished, even if it is not very serious\nExample: I would argue that the most effective way to reduce crime is to implement a policy of zero tolerance.\n10. a chance of rehabilitation\nMeaning: a chance of helping someone to have a normal life after serving a prison sentence\nExample: We should give ex-offerders a chance of rehabilitation and teach them how to become useful members of society.\n11.to embark on something\nMeaning: To start something new\nExample: Young people sometimes embark on a life of crime as a result of the bad influence of criminals whom they know.\n12.to make a fresh start\nMeaning: to try something new after making mistakes in one’s life\nExample: I believe that people should have the opportunity to make a fresh start after they are released from prison.\n4\nIELTS VOCABULARY BY TOPICS\n13. to act as a deterrent\nMeaning: a measure which makes somebody less likely to do something\nExample: Longer prison sentences would act as a deterrent and would be one useful measure to tackle rising crime.\n14. to release back into society.\nMeaning: to give freedom to prisoners who have finished their sentences.\nExample: He was released back into society after serving two years of a five-year sentence.\n15. corporal punishment\nMeaning: to punish by physically harming the offender\nExample: Many schools have abandoned the policy of corporal punishment for children who misbehave and prefer to give extra work or detention after school instead.\n16. drug trafficking\nMeaning: importing and selling illegal drugs\nExample: Some people argue that legalising drugs would put an end to the evil of drug trafficking and the violence associated with it.\n17. a non-custodial sentence\nMeaning: a sentence which is not served in prison\nExample: There is a wide r","cbCaituHyyrcozoZ","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaituHyyrcozoZ","docx",207141,46,"English","# CRIME AND PUNISHMENT\n## Crime-related actions and sentencing\n## Trial outcomes and legal enforcement\n## Rehabilitation and reintegration\n## Punishment types and crime control measures\n## Crime investigation and surveillance","[{\"question\":\"What does “crime of passion” mean in this guide?\",\"answer\":\"It refers to a crime, especially murder, caused by sexual jealousy.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the guide describe “to be tough on crime” and “to be soft on crime”?\",\"answer\":\"“To be tough on crime” means punishing crime severely, while “to be soft on crime” means not imposing strict punishments on offenders.\"},{\"question\":\"What is “forensic evidence” according to the vocabulary list?\",\"answer\":\"It is evidence connected with scientific tests conducted by police during investigations, such as DNA samples.\"}]","CRIME AND PUNISHMENT - IELTS Vocabulary by Topics - Crime and Punishment | DOCX",116]