[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-595514-105":59,"doc-detail-595514-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","covering-the-gap-vol-54-academic-paper","Covering the gap - Vol 54 - Academic paper","","A critical examination of international students’ experience in Australia argues that although education institutions play a key support role, a substantial gap in social support exists when students are off campus. The paper links outsider status created by temporary-visitor arrangements to social exclusion, affecting safety and security and limiting full participation in economic, cultural, social, and political life. It proposes local government—especially through human services—as an instrumental partner to enable social inclusion and improve overall study experience.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/covering-the-gap-vol-54-academic-paper/595514/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/covering-the-gap-vol-54-academic-paper/595514.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Well Done","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-04","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":81},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What support gap does the paper identify for international students in Australia?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"It identifies a large gap in social support provided when international students are off campus, an area where education institutions can offer only limited support.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How does the paper explain social exclusion among international students?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"It argues that temporary-visitor status creates conditions for outsider positioning, leading to an inability to engage fully in economic, cultural, social, and political aspects of Australian life.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"Why does the paper propose a role for local government?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"It contends local government can help international students access social support services and ensure social inclusion, enabling a more comprehensive whole-of-life support system alongside education institutions.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},595514,1792648928,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":81,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},5909892210082,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/56001069da27c9f41e8?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1789614185077863061","A U S T R A L I A N U N I V E R S I T I E S ’ R E V I E W  \nCovering the gap  \nSocial inclusion, international students and the role of local government  \nToby Paltridge, Susan Mayson Monash University  \nJan Schapper La Trobe University  \nOver the last twenty years or so the number of international students in Australia has grown rapidly. At the same time, official responsibility for providing support to international students has been devolved from governments to educational institutions. In this paper we argue that while education institutions have a significant role in supporting international students, there is a large gap in social support provided to them when off-campus. This is a gap which we believe could be filled by local government, to provide international students with greater integration and security when they are off campus. The ideas outlined in this paper are based on a critical examination of international students’ experience in Australia and are intended to contribute to and advance recent debates about the safety, security and value of international students to Australian society. We argue that international students’ status as temporary visitors creates the conditions for social exclusion, that is, an inability to engage fully in the economic, cultural, social and political aspects of Australian life. In light of this, we suggest that local government, especially as it relates to the provision of human services, has a role in helping international students access social support services. We argue that local government can be instrumental in ensuring the social inclusion of international students in our communities. This, we suggest, would improve international students’ overall study experience and contribute to their greater integration and participation in the Australian community.  \nIntroduction  \nOver the last twenty years or so, political strategies and policy development at Federal and State levels of government have driven the growth of international education in Australia. At the same time, official responsibility for providing support to the international students who have arrived in Australia as a result of these policies, has been devolved from governments to educational institutions (Marginson, Nyland, Sawir & Forbes-Mewett, 2010).This is problematic for several reasons, not least of which is that the majority of issues experienced by international students occur off campus, an area where education institutions are able to provide only limited support (Marginson, 2011) . We agree with Marginson et al. (2010) that inter-  \nnational students, due to their position as ‘non-citizens’and ‘temporary migrants’, are relegated to outsider status despite the fact that they are invited to live in Australia for an extended period of time.This outsider status has implications for international students’ safety and security as past events have demonstrated (Forbes-Mewett & Nyland 2008; Marginson et al. 2010) .  \nIn this paper we argue that while education institutions have a significant role in supporting international students, there is a large gap in social support provided to international students’when off-campus. This is a gap which we believe could be filled by local government, to provide international students with greater integration and security when they are away from their education institutions’grounds. In adopting this position we take up the point  \nvol. 54, no. 2, 2012 Covering the gap, Toby Paltridge, Susan Mayson & Jan Schapper 29  \nA U S T R A L I A N U N I V E R S I T I E S ’ R E V I E W  \nfrom Marginson et al. (2010, p. 458) that,‘It is crucial to improve coordination between the universities and other public agencies, especially policy, local government [our emphasis] and state officials handling housing or tenancy and health services.’ However, we go even further. It is our contention that local government can do more than just provide accommodation and health services to internation","cbCaihj0LgzL0WnB","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaihj0LgzL0WnB","pdf",183623,11,"English","# Introduction\n## Off-campus support gap\n## Outsider status and social exclusion\n## Role of local government\n## Economic and moral importance\n## Controversies and intended contributions","[{\"question\":\"What support gap does the paper identify for international students in Australia?\",\"answer\":\"It identifies a large gap in social support provided when international students are off campus, an area where education institutions can offer only limited support.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the paper explain social exclusion among international students?\",\"answer\":\"It argues that temporary-visitor status creates conditions for outsider positioning, leading to an inability to engage fully in economic, cultural, social, and political aspects of Australian life.\"},{\"question\":\"Why does the paper propose a role for local government?\",\"answer\":\"It contends local government can help international students access social support services and ensure social inclusion, enabling a more comprehensive whole-of-life support system alongside education institutions.\"}]","Covering the gap - Vol 54 - Academic paper | PDF",1792081297,28]