[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-149825-en":3,"doc-seo-149825-105":30,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":91},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":4,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":20,"is_downloadable":20,"audit_status":20,"page_count":21,"language":22,"language_code":23,"site_id":24,"html_lang":23,"table_of_contents":25,"faqs":26,"seo_title":27,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":28,"read_time":29},149825,1374391974564,"Clementine","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/14000253aa45c000a9e?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1779874745381141002",8,"Research & Report","Cooling as You Wish - Component-Level Cooling for Heterogeneous Edge Datacenters","As computing shifts toward the edge, edge datacenters must serve real-time workloads under proximity, high density, and strong hardware heterogeneity constraints that make conventional cooling control inefficient. Although warm water cooling is promising, one-size-fits-all strategies worsen thermal imbalance across servers and even within components. CoolEdge provides hotspot-relievable warm water cooling with dynamic per-component temperature/flow control and vapor-chamber cold plate redesign, achieving theoretical power savings. CoolEdge+ further integrates a semi-fine-grained approach with power capping.","Cooling as You Wish: Component-Level Cooling for Heterogeneous Edge Datacenters  \nQiangyu Pei, Shutong Chen, Yongjie Yuan, Qixia Zhang, Xinhui Zhu, Ziyang Jia,  \nFangming Liu∗ , Senior Member, IEEE  \nAbstract—As the computing frontier drifts to the edge, edge datacenters play a crucial role in supporting various real-time applications.  \nDifferent from cloud datacenters, the requirements of proximity to end-users, high density, and heterogeneity, present new challenges to cool the edge datacenters efficiently. Although warm water cooling has become a promising cooling technique for this infrastructure, the one-size-fits-all cooling control would lower the cooling efficiency considerably because of the severe thermal imbalance across servers, hardware, and even inside one hardware component in an edge datacenter. In this work, we propose CoolEdge, a hotspot-relievable warm water cooling system for improving the cooling efficiency and saving costs of edge datacenters. Specifically, through the elaborate design of water circulations, CoolEdge can dynamically adjust the water temperature and flow rate for each heterogeneous hardware component to eliminate the hardware-level hotspots. By redesigning cold plates with vapor chambers, CoolEdge can quickly disperse the chip-level hotspots without manual intervention. We further quantify the power saving achieved by the warm water cooling theoretically, and propose a fine-grained cooling solution to decide an appropriate water temperature and flow rate periodically. We also develop a cost-effective semi-fine-grained cooling solution named CoolEdge+ integrated with the power capping approach. Based on a hardware prototype and real-world traces from SURFsara and Alibaba PAI, the evaluation results show that CoolEdge reduces the cooling energy consumption by 81.81% at most, and CoolEdge+ saves 35 .24% more costs than CoolEdge with comparable energy consumption.  \nIndex Terms—edge datacenter energy, warm water cooling, heterogeneity, hotspot relieving, vapor chamber  \n~~ ~~ ✦ ~~ ~~  \n1 INTRODUCTION  \nEdge datacenters are emerging as a critical infrastructure for edge computing. To provide real-time services in close proximity to end-users, edge datacenters are widely distributed from commercial buildings to industrial complexes in the form of micro datacenters or server clusters. Gartner predicts around 75% of enterprise-generated data will be created and processed at the edge by 2025, though the value is only 10% in 2018 [1], bringing explosive growth in the number of edge datacenters. According to a report for edge computing [2], the edge datacenters will cost as high as $100 billion in information technology (IT) equipment capital expenditures in 2028 . Although the power rating of an edge datacenter is only 10’s to 100’s of kW that is three orders of magnitude smaller than a cloud datacenter, such a growing number of edge datacenters will inevitably bring heavy energy burden. By 2028, the energy demand of edge datacenters will reach the same order of magnitude as that of the global datacenters in 2020 [3],[4] .   \n• This work was supported in part by National Key Research & Development (R&D) Plan under grant 2022YFB4501703, and in part by The Major Key Project of PCL (PCL2022A05). (Corresponding author: Fangming Liu)  \n• Q. Pei, S. Chen, Y. Yuan, Q. Zhang, and X. Zhu are with the National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System, the Services Computing Technology and System Lab, Cluster and Grid Computing Lab in the School of Computer Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, China. E-mail: {peiqiangyu, zhangqixia427, [xhzhu](xhzhu}@hust.edu.cn)[}](xhzhu}@hust.edu.cn)[@hust.edu.cn](xhzhu}@hust.edu.cn),  \n[shutongcs@gmail.com](shutongcs@gmail.com), [jayayuan@outlook.com](jayayuan@outlook.com)  \n• Z. Jia is with the School of Computer Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 103","cbCaimMH53tGGBCH","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaimMH53tGGBCH","pdf",7372472,1,19,"English","en",105,"# Introduction\n## Edge datacenter challenges and energy burden\n## Cooling limitations under proximity, density, and heterogeneity","[{\"question\":\"Why is component-level warm water cooling needed for heterogeneous edge datacenters?\",\"answer\":\"Because severe thermal imbalance exists across servers and even inside individual hardware components, fixed cooling control reduces efficiency. CoolEdge adapts water temperature and flow per heterogeneous component to eliminate hotspots at the component level.\"},{\"question\":\"How does CoolEdge reduce chip-level hotspots?\",\"answer\":\"CoolEdge redesigns cold plates with vapor chambers to disperse chip-level hotspots rapidly without manual intervention, improving thermal handling for performance-critical components.\"},{\"question\":\"What additional benefit does CoolEdge+ provide compared with CoolEdge?\",\"answer\":\"CoolEdge+ is a cost-effective semi-fine-grained solution that integrates with the power capping approach. Evaluation shows it saves 35.24% more costs than CoolEdge while maintaining comparable energy consumption.\"}]","Cooling as You Wish - Component-Level Cooling for Heterogeneous Edge Datacenters | PDF",1787807842,48,{"code":4,"msg":31,"data":32},"ok",{"site_id":24,"language":23,"slug":33,"title":13,"keywords":34,"description":14,"schema_data":35,"social_meta":86,"head_meta":88,"extra_data":90,"updated_unix":28},"cooling-as-you-wish-component-level-cooling-for-heterogeneous-edge-datacenters","",{"@graph":36,"@context":85},[37,54,68],{"@type":38,"itemListElement":39},"BreadcrumbList",[40,44,48,51],{"item":41,"name":42,"@type":43,"position":20},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":45,"name":46,"@type":43,"position":47},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":49,"name":12,"@type":43,"position":50},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":52,"name":13,"@type":43,"position":53},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/cooling-as-you-wish-component-level-cooling-for-heterogeneous-edge-datacenters/149825/",4,{"url":52,"name":13,"@type":55,"author":56,"headline":13,"publisher":58,"fileFormat":61,"inLanguage":23,"description":14,"dateModified":62,"datePublished":62,"encodingFormat":61,"isAccessibleForFree":63,"interactionStatistic":64},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":57},"Person",{"url":41,"name":59,"@type":60},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-08-27",true,{"@type":65,"interactionType":66,"userInteractionCount":4},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":67},"ViewAction",{"@type":69,"mainEntity":70},"FAQPage",[71,77,81],{"name":72,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":74},"Why is component-level warm water cooling needed for heterogeneous edge datacenters?","Question",{"text":75,"@type":76},"Because severe thermal imbalance exists across servers and even inside individual hardware components, fixed cooling control reduces efficiency. CoolEdge adapts water temperature and flow per heterogeneous component to eliminate hotspots at the component level.","Answer",{"name":78,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":79},"How does CoolEdge reduce chip-level hotspots?",{"text":80,"@type":76},"CoolEdge redesigns cold plates with vapor chambers to disperse chip-level hotspots rapidly without manual intervention, improving thermal handling for performance-critical components.",{"name":82,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":83},"What additional benefit does CoolEdge+ provide compared with CoolEdge?",{"text":84,"@type":76},"CoolEdge+ is a cost-effective semi-fine-grained solution that integrates with the power capping approach. Evaluation shows it saves 35.24% more costs than CoolEdge while maintaining comparable energy consumption.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":52,"og:type":87,"og:title":13,"og:site_name":59,"og:description":14},"article",{"robots":89,"canonical":52},"index,follow",{"doc_id":7,"site_id":24},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":92},[93,97,101,105,110,115,120,123,128,131,135],{"id":20,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":94,"show_sort_weight":95,"slug":96},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":47,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":53,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":102,"show_sort_weight":103,"slug":104},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":106,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":107,"show_sort_weight":108,"slug":109},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":111,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":112,"show_sort_weight":113,"slug":114},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":116,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":117,"show_sort_weight":118,"slug":119},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":11,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":12,"show_sort_weight":121,"slug":122},30,"research-report",{"id":124,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":125,"show_sort_weight":126,"slug":127},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":126,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":129,"show_sort_weight":126,"slug":130},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":132,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":133,"show_sort_weight":132,"slug":134},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":21,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":136,"show_sort_weight":106,"slug":137},"General","general"]