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The introduction outlines the international process leading to adoption on 22 May 1992, signature dates, entry into force, and early Conference of the Parties. The preamble sets out the parties’ motivations, including biodiversity’s intrinsic value, sovereign rights, responsibilities, threats, information gaps, and the need for in-situ and ex-situ measures.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/convention-on-biological-diversity-text-and-annexes/294675/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/convention-on-biological-diversity-text-and-annexes/294675.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Quinn Holloway","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-31","2026-09-18",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",12,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What are the main purposes of the Convention on Biological Diversity?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"It focuses on conserving biological diversity, ensuring the sustainable use of its components, and enabling fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from genetic resources.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"When was the convention adopted, and when did it enter into force?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"It was culminated on 22 May 1992 with the Nairobi Conference adoption, and it entered into force on 29 December 1993 after the 30th ratification.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"Why does the preamble emphasize in-situ and ex-situ measures?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"It states that in-situ conservation of ecosystems and natural habitats is fundamental, and that ex-situ measures also play an important role, preferably in the country of origin.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},294675,1789697809,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":140,"language":141,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":142,"faqs":143,"seo_title":144,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":130,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},2336474466712,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_a8503ba1806abce46bf441b54a3ca4cd","Convention  \non  \nBiologiCal  \nDiversity  \ntext anD annexes  \nConvention on BiologiCal  \nDiversity  \ntext anD annexes  \nseCretariat of the Convention on BiologiCal Diversity Montreal  \nSecretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity United Nations Environment Programme  \n413 St. Jacques Street West, Suite 800 Montreal, Quebec, Canada H2Y 1N9 Phone: +1 (514) 288 2220  \nFax: +1 (514) 288 6588  \nE-mail: [secretariat@cbd.int](secretariat@cbd.int)  \n[Website: www.cbd.int](Website: www.cbd.int)  \n© 2011 by the Secretariat for the Convention on Biological Diversity All rights reserved. Published 2011  \nPrinted in Canada  \nThe designations employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or ofits authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.  \nThis publication may be reproduced for educational or non-profit purposes without special permission from the copyright holders, provided acknowledgement of the source is made. The Secretariat of the Convention would appreciate receiving a copy of the publications that use this document as a source.  \nLocal catalogue record:  \nConvention on Biological Diversity : text and annexes / Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity.  \nSummary: “This publication contains the text and annexes ofthe Convention on Biological Diversity, first adopted 22 May 1992.” —Provided by publisher.  \n1. Biodiversity conservation – Law and legislation 2. Biodiversity – International cooperation  \n3. Environmental protection – International cooperation  \nI. Convention on Biological Diversity (1992) . II. United Nations.  \nK3488 . A35 C66 2011  \nFor further information please contact the Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity  \n Convention on Biological Diversity  \nintroDuCtion  \nThe Earth’s biological resources are vital to humanity’s economic and social development. As a result, there is growing recognition that biological diversity is a global asset of tremendous value to present and future generations. At the same time, the threat to species and ecosystems has never been so great as it is today. Species extinction caused by human activities continues at an alarming rate.  \nIn response, the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) convened the Ad Hoc Working Group of Experts on Biological Diversity in November 1988 to explore the need for an international convention on biological diversity. Soon after, in May 1989, it established the Ad Hoc Working Group of Technical and Legal Experts to prepare an international legal instrument for the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity. The experts were to take into account “the need to share costs and benefits between developed and developing countries” as well as “ways and means to support innovation by local people.”  \nBy February 1991, the Ad Hoc Working Group had become known as the Intergovernmental Negotiating Committee. Its work culminated on 22 May 1992 with the Nairobi Conference for the Adoption of the Agreed Text of the Convention on Biological Diversity.  \nThe Convention was opened for signature on 5 June 1992 at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (the Rio “Earth Summit”) . It remained open for signature until 4 June 1993, by which time it had received 168 signatures. The Convention entered into force on 29 December 1993, which was 90 days after the 30th ratification. The first session of the Conference of the Parties was scheduled for 28 November-9 December 1994 in the Bahamas.  \nThe Convention on Biological Diversity was inspired by the world community’s growing commitment to sustainable development. It represents a dramatic step forward in the conservation of biological diversity, the sustainable use of its components, and the fair and equitable sharing","cbCaig9OyIosAb97","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaig9OyIosAb97","pdf",4551079,36,"English","# Introduction\n## Global value and threats\n## International negotiation timeline\n## Core aims and principles\n# Preamble","[{\"question\":\"What are the main purposes of the Convention on Biological Diversity?\",\"answer\":\"It focuses on conserving biological diversity, ensuring the sustainable use of its components, and enabling fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from genetic resources.\"},{\"question\":\"When was the convention adopted, and when did it enter into force?\",\"answer\":\"It was culminated on 22 May 1992 with the Nairobi Conference adoption, and it entered into force on 29 December 1993 after the 30th ratification.\"},{\"question\":\"Why does the preamble emphasize in-situ and ex-situ measures?\",\"answer\":\"It states that in-situ conservation of ecosystems and natural habitats is fundamental, and that ex-situ measures also play an important role, preferably in the country of origin.\"}]","Convention on Biological Diversity - text and annexes | PDF",91]