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Conducted from April 2020 to September 2021 with 163 patients, CEUS followed by TURBT or radical cystectomy showed high sensitivity (83.3%), specificity (92.5%), accuracy (90.8%), and AUC 0.88, outperforming MRI (AUC 0.77). Combined CEUS and MRI further improved accuracy, especially at MRI reporting and data system score 3, supporting CEUS for clinical decision-making.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/","Healthcare",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/contrast-enhanced-ultrasound-enables-precision-diagnosis-of-preoperative-muscle-invasion-in-bladder-cancer-a-prospective-study/364499/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/contrast-enhanced-ultrasound-enables-precision-diagnosis-of-preoperative-muscle-invasion-in-bladder-cancer-a-prospective-study/364499.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"Aria","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-09-23",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",17,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"What clinical problem does the study address?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"The study targets the need for precise preoperative staging of bladder cancer, specifically distinguishing NMIBC from MIBC and assessing muscle invasion status to guide treatment decisions.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"How was contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) evaluated in the study?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"Each patient underwent CEUS and then underwent transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) or radical cystectomy, allowing CEUS results to be compared against definitive procedures for muscle-invasion status.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"How did CEUS perform compared with MRI for detecting muscle invasion?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"CEUS showed higher diagnostic performance than MRI, with CEUS AUC 0.88 versus MRI AUC 0.77 for muscle invasion 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preoperative muscle invasion in bladder cancer: a prospective study  \nQiyun Ou1,2 ,\\#  Yongjian Chen6  \nWeibin Xie1, 3 ,\\#  \n Weiwei Pan1  \nYunfang Yu1,4, 5 ,\\#   Bing Ou1 Yiming Lai1, 3  Zhuohang Li1, 3  \nMan Luo1  \nJianqiu Kong1, 3  Zhuo Wu1  Jingliang Ruan1  Jingjing Han1   \nTianxin Lin1, 3 ,∗ ,\\#\\#   Baoming Luo1 ,∗ ,\\#\\#   \n1 Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Department of Ultrasound in Medicine, Department of Urology, Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China  \n2 Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China  \n3 Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Urological Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China  \n4 Shenshan Medical Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shanwei, Guangdong, China  \n5 Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, China  \n6 Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China  \n∗ Correspondence  \nTianxin Lin and Baoming Luo, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Department of Ultrasound in Medicine, Department of Urology, Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.  \nEmail: [lintx@mail.sysu.edu.cn](lintx@mail.sysu.edu.cn), [loubm@mail.sysu.edu.cn](loubm@mail.sysu.edu.cn)  \nFunding information  \nNational Natural Science Foundation of China, Grant/Award Numbers: 82402294, 81825016; Guangzhou Science and Technology Project, Grant/Award Numbers: 2024A03J1194, 2023A03J0722; Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province, Grant/Award Numbers: 2020B1515120098,  \nAbstract  \nBladder cancer’s high mortality underscores the need for precise staging, especially to differentiate between nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) and muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) types. This prospective study evaluated the efficacy of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) for preoperative staging, focusing on its ability to distinguish NMIBC from MIBC. Conducted from April 2020 to September 2021, the study involved 163 patients (median age: 64.0 years; 137 males, 26 females), with 133 NMIBC (81.6%) and 30 MIBC (18.4%) . Each patient underwent CEUS followed by transurethral resection of bladder tumor or radical cystectomy. CEUS demonstrated high diagnostic accuracy in determining muscle invasion status (sensitivity 83.3%, specificity 92.5%, accuracy 90.8%, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC] 0.88) . Comparative analyses against MRI (AUC 0.77) showed CEUS outperforming in muscle invasion detection. Combining CEUS with MRI improved diagnostic accuracy, particularly when MRI vesical imaging reporting and data system score was 3 points. The combined approach achieved an AUC of 0.73, with  \n\\# Qiyun Ou, Weibin Xie, and Yunfang Yu contributed equally and should be considered co-first authors.\\#\\#Tianxin Lin and Baoming Luo contributed equally and should be considered co-corresponding authors.  \nThis is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.  \n© 2025 The Author(s). MedComm published by Sichuan International Medical Exchange & Promotion Association (SCIMEA) and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.  \nMedComm. 2025;6:e70106 .  \n[https://doi.org/10.1002/mco2.70106](https://doi.org/10.1002/mco2.70106)  \n[wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/mco2](wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/mco2)  \n1 of 15  \nOU et al.  \n2024A1515013171; Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation, Grant/Award Number: 2023A1515011214; Sun Yat-sen Pilot Scientific R","cbCaiflcFcOI4JoX","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiflcFcOI4JoX","pdf",6421230,15,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n## Bladder cancer staging and clinical management\n## Limits of pathological assessment and biopsy recommendations","[{\"question\":\"What clinical problem does the study address?\",\"answer\":\"The study targets the need for precise preoperative staging of bladder cancer, specifically distinguishing NMIBC from MIBC and assessing muscle invasion status to guide treatment decisions.\"},{\"question\":\"How was contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) evaluated in the study?\",\"answer\":\"Each patient underwent CEUS and then underwent transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) or radical cystectomy, allowing CEUS results to be compared against definitive procedures for muscle-invasion status.\"},{\"question\":\"How did CEUS perform compared with MRI for detecting muscle invasion?\",\"answer\":\"CEUS showed higher diagnostic performance than MRI, with CEUS AUC 0.88 versus MRI AUC 0.77 for muscle invasion detection.\"}]","Contrast-enhanced ultrasound enables precision diagnosis of preoperative muscle invasion in bladder cancer - a prospective study | PDF",1790157820,38]