[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-380114-105":59,"doc-detail-380114-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","considering-sun-safety-policies-in-the-united-states","Considering Sun Safety Policies in the United States","","Skin cancer represents a major and growing public health concern in the United States, driven in part by ultraviolet exposure from sunlight and artificial sources such as tanning beds. Public health policy can reduce these risks by shaping standards and behaviors. This perspectives article reviews U.S. policies covering sunscreen and sunglasses standards, tanning bed utilization, and workplace sun-protection guidelines, and it uses examples from Australia and the United Kingdom to suggest improvement approaches for U.S. interventions.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/considering-sun-safety-policies-in-the-united-states/380114/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/considering-sun-safety-policies-in-the-united-states/380114.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Mia  ","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-09-24",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":34},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"Why are sun safety policies important for preventing skin cancer in the United States?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Ultraviolet radiation from the sun and tanning beds increases the risk of developing skin cancer. The article argues that public health policies can mitigate these risks by influencing protective standards and practices.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What does the article compare about sunscreen policy between the US, Australia, and the UK?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"It contrasts U.S. limitations in approved UVA/UVB sunscreen compounds and labeling standards with Australia’s classification and SPF “capping” approach, and the UK’s regulation requiring UVA/UVB protection ratios and limits on label claims.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How does the article describe workplace and other sun-protection guidance in the US?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"It reviews federal policies that influence sun-protective practices beyond sunscreen alone, including sunglasses standards, tanning bed use, and workplace sun protection guidelines, then highlights improvement examples from other developed nations.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},380114,1790359571,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":34,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":24,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144},687207024478,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_a8503ba1806abce46bf441b54a3ca4cd","YALE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 96 (2023), pp.251-255.  \nPerspectives   \nConsidering Sun Safety Policies in the United States  \nFatima N. Mirzaa,b,*, Humza N. Mirzac, Sara Yumeena, Cheryl K. Zoggb,d, and David J. Leffelle  \naDepartment of Dermatology, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA; bSolomon Center for Health Law & Policy, Yale Law School, New Haven, CT, USA; c Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA; dYale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; eDepartment of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA  \nAs they are collectively the most common malignancies, the personal and systemic burden of skin cancers represent a significant public health concern in the United States. Ultraviolet radiation from the sun as well as from artificial sources such as tanning beds is a carcinogen well-known to increase the risk of developing skin cancer in individuals. Public health policies can help mitigate these risks. In this perspectives article, we review sunscreen and sunglasses standards, tanning bed utilization, and workplace sun protection guidelines in the US and provide focused examples for improvement from Australia and the United Kingdom where skin cancer is a well-documented public health concern. These comparative examples can inform interventions in the US that have the potential to modify exposure to risk factors associated with skin cancer.  \nINTRODUCTION  \nSkin cancers are among the most common malignancies in the United States [1] . Their incidence is rising and represent a significant healthcare and economic burden [1-3] . Ozone and climate change are intricately linked and have been postulated to increase the risk for skin cancer [4,5] . Public health strategies addressing protection from environmental exposures may be instrumental in the prevention of skin cancer [6] . In this perspectives article, we provide a focused, narrative review of the current federal policies that influence sun-protective practices in the US. Further, we supplement our review of current US policies with brief and relevant examples of successful sun-protection policy interventions in two other devel-  \noped nations, Australia and the United Kingdom. Skin cancer rates were initially observed to increase in both of these nations during the late 20th century, but the incidence of melanoma in younger individuals has stabilized due to a combination of public awareness and revision of policies impacting younger generations since the early 2000s [7,8] . These types of policies may be instructive for skin cancer reduction in the US. We focus on current US legislation regarding sunscreen standards, tanning bed use, sunglasses, and sun protection in the workplace, and we highlight successful examples of policies in the UK and Australia. We further outline the importance of a call-to-action in improving public health policy on skin cancer prevention in the US.  \n*To whom all correspondence should be addressed: Fatima N. Mirza, MD, MPH, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI; Email: [fatima_mirza@brown.edu](fatima_mirza@brown.edu); ORCID: 0000-0003-1299-6258 .  \nAbbreviations: UVA/UVB, ultraviolet A/B; SPF, sun protection factor; FDA, Food and Drug Administration; OTC, over-the-counter; CARES, Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act; CDC, Centers for Disease Control; OSHA, Occupational Safety and Health Administration; SIA, Sunscreen Innovation Act.  \nKeywords: skin cancer, sun safety  \nCopyright © 2023  \n251  \n252 Mirza et al.: US sun safety policies  \nCURRENT US POLICIES AND  \nCOMPARISON WITH GLOBAL EFFORTS  \nSunscreen  \nThe use of broad-spectrum sunscreen is a critical component of a skin cancer prevention strategy. Currently, the US lags behind other countries in terms of available approved compounds for sunscreen development, sunscreen labeling, and protection standards for broad spectrum ultraviolet A/B (UVA/UVB) protection. In Australia, sunscre","cbCaicwpcVFl9II1","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaicwpcVFl9II1","pdf",393217,"English","# Introduction\n# Current US Policies and Comparison with Global Efforts\n## Sunscreen","[{\"question\":\"Why are sun safety policies important for preventing skin cancer in the United States?\",\"answer\":\"Ultraviolet radiation from the sun and tanning beds increases the risk of developing skin cancer. The article argues that public health policies can mitigate these risks by influencing protective standards and practices.\"},{\"question\":\"What does the article compare about sunscreen policy between the US, Australia, and the UK?\",\"answer\":\"It contrasts U.S. limitations in approved UVA/UVB sunscreen compounds and labeling standards with Australia’s classification and SPF “capping” approach, and the UK’s regulation requiring UVA/UVB protection ratios and limits on label claims.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the article describe workplace and other sun-protection guidance in the US?\",\"answer\":\"It reviews federal policies that influence sun-protective practices beyond sunscreen alone, including sunglasses standards, tanning bed use, and workplace sun protection guidelines, then highlights improvement examples from other developed nations.\"}]","Considering Sun Safety Policies in the United States | PDF",1790238789,13]