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It covers laser corneal procedures and intraocular lens–based options, explaining how corneal and lens changes affect glaucoma testing and follow-up. 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Surgical factors can also influence intraocular pressure and corneal biomechanics, affecting glaucoma assessment.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"How can refractive surgery affect intraocular pressure monitoring?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"Perioperative factors may alter intraocular pressure and corneal biomechanics, which can complicate glaucoma monitoring. These changes can influence how intraocular pressure is measured and interpreted.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"What preoperative risk factors are emphasized for glaucoma?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"Baseline factors such as age, family history, and comorbidities are highlighted. The review also focuses on refractive error characteristics, including severe myopia, and conditions like pigment dispersion syndrome.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":75,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":77,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":79,"site_id":7},420507,1790742246,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"success",[84,88,92,96,101,106,110,115,120,123,127],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":85,"show_sort_weight":86,"slug":87},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":89,"show_sort_weight":90,"slug":91},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":93,"show_sort_weight":94,"slug":95},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":97,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":102,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":103,"show_sort_weight":104,"slug":105},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":107,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":108,"slug":109},7,40,"healthcare",{"id":111,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":112,"show_sort_weight":113,"slug":114},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":116,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":117,"show_sort_weight":118,"slug":119},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":118,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":121,"show_sort_weight":118,"slug":122},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":124,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":125,"show_sort_weight":124,"slug":126},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":128,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":129,"show_sort_weight":97,"slug":130},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":132},{"doc_id":79,"user_id":133,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":107,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":55,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":124,"language":140,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},3985747870733,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_a8503ba1806abce46bf441b54a3ca4cd","Clinical Ophthalmology  \n Open Access Full Text Article  \nREVIEW  \nConsiderations for Glaucoma Evaluation and Management in Refractive Surgery Candidates  \nKasem Seresirikachorn 1–3 , Angela Y Zhu 1 , Ta Chen Chang 1  \n1Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA; 2Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Rangsit University, Rajavithi Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand; 3Department of Ophthalmology, Queen Sirikit National Institute of Child Health, Bangkok, Thailand  \nCorrespondence: Ta Chen Chang, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 900 NW 17th Street, Miami, FL, 33136, USA, Email [t.chang@med.miami.edu](t.chang@med.miami.edu)  \n\n| Abstract: The popularity of refractive surgery has grown significantly in recent years, yet concerns about its effects on glaucoma evaluation and progression remain unclear. Various techniques in both corneal and lens-based refractive surgery have been developed, necessitating different strategies for monitoring glaucoma. With the advent of advanced technologies and instruments, our ability to detect and monitor glaucoma in patients undergoing refractive surgery has improved. This review provides comprehensive information on glaucoma risk assessment and monitoring from preoperative to postoperative stages for different types of refractive surgery, highlighting key considerations at each stage of care. We aim to raise awareness and confidence among refractive surgeons handling cases involving glaucoma suspects or patients with glaucoma at any stage of refractive surgery. Based on updated evidence, we provide key recommendations that include conducting a comprehensive glaucoma risk assessment, ensuring vigilant monitoring of high-risk cases, and selecting the most suitable tonometer for precise intraocular pressure measurement.\u003Cbr>Keywords: glaucoma, intraocular pressure, refractive surgery, keratorefractive surgery, myopia |\n| --- |\n| Introduction\u003Cbr>Refractive surgery has seen a steady rise in popularity since its introduction over 25 years ago.1–3 Myopia accounts for 80% of refractive diagnoses among patients undergoing Laser Vision Correction, followed by hyperopia at 15% .4 Laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) is the predominant procedure, making up 85% of all refractive surgeries.3 The relationship between refractive surgery and the risk of glaucoma remains controversial, yet every stage of refractive surgery, from initial screening to long-term management, can be linked to glaucoma. Preoperative identification of glaucoma suspects or high-risk patients can inform surgical decisions, while perioperative factors may impact intraocular pressure (IOP) and corneal biomechanics, affecting glaucoma monitoring. Additionally, patients undergoing these procedures are typically quite young, making these considerations necessary long-term. This review provides insights into the impact of refractive surgery on glaucoma diagnosis and management, from preoperative stages up until the postoperative follow-up period. It addresses both laser corneal-based refractive surgeries, including photorefractive keratectomy (PRK), LASIK, and keratorefractive lenticule extraction (KLEx), as well as intraocular lens-based refractive surgeries, such as phakic intraocular lens implantation (PIOL) and refractive lens exchange (RLE) .\u003Cbr>Preoperative Considerations\u003Cbr>A pre-existing glaucoma diagnosis is a relative contraindication for elective refractive surgery due to several factors,5 including challenges in accurately IOP, the potential for perioperative optic nerve damage secondary to acute IOP spikes during suction application, and challenges in tonometry associated with altered corneal biomechanics. |\n\nReceived: 30 September 2025  \nAccepted: 23 December 2025  \nPublished: 30 December 2025  \nClinical Ophthalmology 2025:19 4941–4950 4941  \n© 2025 Seresirikachorn et al. This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press ","cbCaipJoIyz9C1yS","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaipJoIyz9C1yS","pdf",451083,"English","# Introduction\n## Preoperative Considerations\n# Clinical History & Exam\n## Type and Magnitude of Refractive Error\n## Pigment Dispersion Syndrome (PDS)","[{\"question\":\"Why is glaucoma evaluation important in refractive surgery candidates?\",\"answer\":\"Glaucoma risk and monitoring considerations apply across the entire refractive surgery pathway, from initial screening to long-term management. Surgical factors can also influence intraocular pressure and corneal biomechanics, affecting glaucoma assessment.\"},{\"question\":\"How can refractive surgery affect intraocular pressure monitoring?\",\"answer\":\"Perioperative factors may alter intraocular pressure and corneal biomechanics, which can complicate glaucoma monitoring. These changes can influence how intraocular pressure is measured and interpreted.\"},{\"question\":\"What preoperative risk factors are emphasized for glaucoma?\",\"answer\":\"Baseline factors such as age, family history, and comorbidities are highlighted. The review also focuses on refractive error characteristics, including severe myopia, and conditions like pigment dispersion syndrome.\"}]","Considerations for Glaucoma Evaluation and Management in Refractive Surgery Candidates - Review Article | PDF",1790621206,25]