[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-291824-105":59,"doc-detail-291824-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","conservation-voltage-reductionvolt-var-optimization-emv-practices","Conservation Voltage Reduction/Volt VAR Optimization EM&V Practices","","Conservation Voltage Reduction (CVR) and voltage/VAR optimization (VVO) are presented as cost-effective approaches to deliver energy efficiency benefits to customers without enrolling participants. The report outlines best-practice methods to assess savings potential and impacts, including on/off experimental design and post-event modeling using regression or calibrated simulation. It also addresses evaluation considerations for data tracking, energy-efficiency impacts, persistence, and longer-term planning, with specific guidance for low-income communities and related implementation challenges.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/conservation-voltage-reductionvolt-var-optimization-emv-practices/291824/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/conservation-voltage-reductionvolt-var-optimization-emv-practices/291824.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Caleb Sterling","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-31","2026-09-17",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":34},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"Why do utilities focus on conservation voltage reduction (CVR) and voltage/VAR optimization (VVO)?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"CVR and VVO are viewed as potentially cost-effective ways to deliver energy efficiency benefits. They can count toward voluntary or mandatory energy efficiency goals and leverage improving grid modernization tools for voltage optimization.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What is the recommended approach to evaluate CVR/VVO energy efficiency impacts?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The report generally recommends using an on/off experimental design. The resulting data can then support modeling using regression-based approaches or calibrated simulation modeling.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How does the document address evaluation in low-income communities?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"It discusses approaches for assessing energy efficiency benefits in low-income communities, including identifying such communities and estimating impacts while accounting for recognized delivery challenges.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},291824,1790826694,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":34,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":46,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":31,"preview_page_count":4},962084925290,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_085a072bc5b1113ac321206ff7593b45","~~ ~~ Conservation Voltage Reduction/Volt VAR Optimization EM&V Practices  \nAcknowledgments  \nThe U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) would like to acknowledge the individuals, including government employees, industry experts, and consultants whose efforts helped develop this document.  \nThe document was developed by the Climate Protection Partnerships Division in EPA’s Office of Atmospheric Programs. Maureen McNamara, U.S. EPA, managed the overall development. Dan Feng and Tim Pettit, DNV GL, provided research, analysis and content for the document. Dan Lawlor, The Cadmus Group, provided editorial support.  \nThe authors would like to thank the following individuals for their review and insights:  \n􀁸 Andrew Hanson, Accenture  \n􀁸 Joe Bryson, U.S. EPA  \n􀁸 Brent Barkett, Navigant  \n􀁸 Madhur Lamsal, DNV GL  \n􀁸 Ray Harold, DNV GL  \nACKNOWLEDGEMENTS i  \n~~ ~~ Conservation Voltage Reduction/Volt VAR Optimization EM&V Practices  \nTable of Contents  \n1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...................................................................................1  \n2 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................2  \n3 DETERMINING POTENTIAL .............................................................................3  \n VVO and CVR Energy Savings Potential 3  \n4 DATA TRACKING CONSIDERATIONS ................................................................6  \n5 EVALUATING ENERGY EFFICIENCY IMPACTS .....................................................7  \n Impact Evaluation Summary 7  \n On/Off Experimental Design 8  \n Common VVO and CVR Data Tracking Values 8  \n Energy Impact Modelling for VVO and CVR Programs 10  \n6 ESTIMATING POTENTIAL AND IMPACTS IN LOW-INCOME COMMUNITIES ............ 13  \n Identifying Low-Income Communities and Potential 13  \n Estimating Impacts in Low-Income Communities 14  \n7 DETERMINING PERSISTENCE AND LONG-TERM PLANNING ................................ 17  \nList of Exhibits  \nTable 1. Common tracking data elements .............................................................................................. 9  \nTable 2. Hourly regression‐modelling approaches for estimating the energy impact of CVR.............. 11  \nTable 3. Estimating impacts of CVR/VVO operations in low‐income communities.............................. 15  \nTABLE OF CONTENTS ii  \n~~ ~~ Conservation Voltage Reduction/Volt VAR Optimization EM&V Practices  \n1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY  \nThere is renewed interest in conservation voltage reduction (CVR) and voltage/VAR optimization (VVO) as a potentially cost‐effective way to deliver energy efficiency benefits to customers without the need to recruit participants. Increasingly, utility regulators are allowing associated energy savings to count toward voluntary energy efficiency goals or mandatory energy efficiency resource standards. In addition, grid modernization efforts are improving the tools that distribution system operators can use to optimize voltage. While performance varies by circuit, many utilities find 1 to 4% savings on initial deployment.1  \nThis document provides background on methods for assessing energy savings potential, data tracking considerations, and current impact evaluation processes. In summary, it is generally considered best practice to use an on/off experimental design to evaluate the energy efficiency impact of CVR. The data collected via the on/off design can then be used to model the impact of the grid efficiency operation, using either a regression‐based approach or calibrated simulation modelling. Ex‐post impacts can be estimated by calibrating with data collected from ongoing CVR/VVO experimentation and verified local conditions.  \nDue to increased interest in energy efficiency programs for low‐income communities and the well‐ recognized and unique challenges in delivering programs to low‐income households, this document also discusses approaches for assessing the energy efficiency benefits to these communities.  \n1 Sour","cbCait2XhpZ2gAFI","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCait2XhpZ2gAFI","pdf",656319,"English","# Executive Summary\n# Introduction\n# Determining Potential\n## VVO and CVR Energy Savings Potential\n# Data Tracking Considerations\n# Evaluating Energy Efficiency Impacts\n## Impact Evaluation Summary\n## On/Off Experimental Design\n## Common VVO and CVR Data Tracking Values\n## Energy Impact Modelling for VVO and CVR Programs\n# Estimating Potential and Impacts in Low-Income Communities\n## Identifying Low-Income Communities and Potential\n## Estimating Impacts in Low-Income Communities\n# Determining Persistence and Long-Term Planning","[{\"question\":\"Why do utilities focus on conservation voltage reduction (CVR) and voltage/VAR optimization (VVO)?\",\"answer\":\"CVR and VVO are viewed as potentially cost-effective ways to deliver energy efficiency benefits. They can count toward voluntary or mandatory energy efficiency goals and leverage improving grid modernization tools for voltage optimization.\"},{\"question\":\"What is the recommended approach to evaluate CVR/VVO energy efficiency impacts?\",\"answer\":\"The report generally recommends using an on/off experimental design. The resulting data can then support modeling using regression-based approaches or calibrated simulation modeling.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the document address evaluation in low-income communities?\",\"answer\":\"It discusses approaches for assessing energy efficiency benefits in low-income communities, including identifying such communities and estimating impacts while accounting for recognized delivery challenges.\"}]","Conservation Voltage Reduction/Volt VAR Optimization EM&V Practices | PDF",1789647016]