[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-seo-456557-105":3,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":81,"doc-detail-456557-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"ok",{"site_id":7,"language":8,"slug":9,"title":10,"keywords":11,"description":12,"schema_data":13,"social_meta":74,"head_meta":76,"extra_data":78,"updated_unix":80},105,"en","conjunctival-microvascular-alterations-in-dry-eye-disease-a-comparative-study-of-sjogrens-and-nonsjogrens-subtypes","Conjunctival microvascular alterations in dry eye disease: A comparative study of Sjögren’s and non‑Sjögren’s subtypes","","Purpose: Conjunctival microvasculature links ocular and systemic conditions. This prospective study compares bulbar conjunctival microvascular morphology and hemodynamics between dry eye disease (DED) patients with Sjögren’s dry eye (SSDE) and without Sjögren’s dry eye (NSDE) who have comparable symptoms, and evaluates correlations with meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) parameters. Materials and methods: Left-eye conjunctival imaging used an Attention-UNet vessel segmentation and a motion-correction pipeline; tear lipid and meibography used LipiView® II. Results and conclusion: SSDE showed larger mean vessel diameter; NSDE diameter correlated with BFV/BFR, supporting distinct microvascular signatures and vessel diameter as a potential discriminator and biomarker for DED subtyping and personalized therapy.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/","Healthcare",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/conjunctival-microvascular-alterations-in-dry-eye-disease-a-comparative-study-of-sjogrens-and-nonsjogrens-subtypes/456557/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/conjunctival-microvascular-alterations-in-dry-eye-disease-a-comparative-study-of-sjogrens-and-nonsjogrens-subtypes/456557.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"OmBimo","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-31","2026-09-30",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",6,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"What was the primary aim of the study?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"To compare bulbar conjunctival microvascular morphology and hemodynamics between SSDE and NSDE patients with comparable symptoms, and to assess correlations with MGD parameters.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"How were conjunctival microvascular parameters measured?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"Left-eye conjunctival imaging was performed using an optical system with Attention-UNet-based vessel segmentation and a two-step motion-correction pipeline; BFV, BFR, and vessel diameter were quantified, alongside tear film lipid measurements and meibography using LipiView® II.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"What key vascular difference did the study find between SSDE and NSDE?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"The SSDE group had a significantly higher mean microvessel diameter than the NSDE group, and in NSDE, vessel diameter correlated with BFV while BFR correlated with meibomian scores.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":75,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":77,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":79,"site_id":7},456557,1791128317,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"success",[84,88,92,96,101,105,109,114,119,122,126],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":85,"show_sort_weight":86,"slug":87},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":89,"show_sort_weight":90,"slug":91},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":93,"show_sort_weight":94,"slug":95},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":97,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":55,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":102,"show_sort_weight":103,"slug":104},"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":106,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":107,"slug":108},7,40,"healthcare",{"id":110,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":111,"show_sort_weight":112,"slug":113},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":115,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":116,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":118},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":117,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":120,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":121},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":123,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":124,"show_sort_weight":123,"slug":125},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":127,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":128,"show_sort_weight":97,"slug":129},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":131},{"doc_id":79,"user_id":132,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":106,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":55,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":115,"language":139,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144,"preview_page_count":4},962090893581,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","| Access this article online |\n| --- |\n| Quick Response Code: |\n| |\n| Website:\u003Cbr>[http://journals.lww.com/TJOP](http://journals.lww.com/TJOP) |\n| DOI:\u003Cbr>10.4103/tjo.TJO-D-25-00108 |\n\n1Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 2Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 3Center for Sensor Systems, 4Inha Research Institute for Aerospace Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, Korea  \n*Address for correspondence:  \nProf. Kyung Sun Na, Department of Ophthalmology, Yeouido St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 10, 63-Ro, Yeongdeungpo-Gu, Seoul 07345, Korea.  \nE-mail: drna@ [catholic.ac.kr](catholic.ac.kr)  \nProf. Dae Yu Kim, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea.  \nE-mail: dyukim@ [inha.ac.kr](inha.ac.kr)  \nSubmission: 10-07-2025  \nAccepted: 23-08-2025  \nPublished: 24-10-2025  \nOriginal Article  \nTaiwan J Ophthalmol 2025;15:589-597  \nConjunctival microvascular alterationsin dry eye disease: A comparative study of Sjögren’s and non‑Sjögren’s subtypes  \nJiyoung Emily Lee1, Dong‑Kyu Kim1, Young Chae Yoon1, Woong‑Joo Whang1, Ho Sik Hwang1, Hyun‑Seung Kim1, Dae Yu Kim2,3,4*, Kyung Sun Na1*  \nAbstract:  \nPURPOSE: Conjunctival microvasculature is associated with ocular and systemic diseases. Previous studies have reported increased blood flow velocity (BFV), blood flow rate (BFR), vessel density, and diameter in dry eye disease (DED) . This study aimed to compare bulbar conjunctival microvascular morphology and hemodynamics between patients with DED with and without Sjögren’s dry eye (SSDE and NSDE) who had comparable symptoms, and to assess their correlations with Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) parameters.  \nMATERIALS AND METHODS: In this prospective study, conjunctival imaging for the left eyes of patients with DED was performed using a previously developed optical system incorporating Attention‑UNet‑based vessel segmentation and a validated two‑step motion‑correction pipeline. Tear film lipid layer thickness measurement and meibography were performed using the LipiView® II Ocular Surface Inferometer. Microvascular parameters, including BFV, BFR, and diameter, were quantified. RESULTS: The mean microvessel diameter for the SSDE group (12.985 ± 2.478 μ m) was significantly higher than that for NSDE (9.431 ± 3.982 μm) ( P \u003C 0.050) . In the NSDE group, diameter correlated positively with BFR ( P \u003C 0.050), and BFR correlated with both upper and lower meiboscores ( P \u003C 0.050) .  \nCONCLUSION: These findings reveal distinct conjunctival microvascular signatures in patients with SSDE, and support vessel diameter as a discriminator. The association between hemodynamic changes and MGD parameters in the NSDE group underscores the interplay between MGD and conjunctival microcirculation in NSDE. The differences in microvasculature identified in this study may serve as valuable biomarkers for DED subtype classification and the development of personalized treatment.  \nKeywords:  \nBulbar conjunctiva, conjunctival microvasculature, dry eye disease, meibomian gland dysfunction, Sjögren’s syndrome  \nIntroduction  \nDry eye disease (DED) is a multifactorial  \ndisease that results in symptoms such as ocular discomfort, visual disturbances, and tear film instability, with potential damage to the ocular surface. [1] Its global prevalence was estimated as 11.59%  \nThis is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercialNoDerivatives 4.0 License (CC BY-NC-ND), where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal.  \nFor reprints [contact:](contact: WKHLRPMedknow_reprints@wolterskluwer.com)[ WKHLRPMedknow_reprints@wolterskluwer.com](contact: WKHLRPMedknow_reprints@wolterskluwer.com)  \nbetween 1997 and 2021, with the highest prevalence (42.8%) ","cbCaiuwCQAYVs3uK","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiuwCQAYVs3uK","pdf",2103455,"English","# Abstract\n## Purpose\n## Materials and methods\n## Results\n## Conclusion\n# Introduction","[{\"question\":\"What was the primary aim of the study?\",\"answer\":\"To compare bulbar conjunctival microvascular morphology and hemodynamics between SSDE and NSDE patients with comparable symptoms, and to assess correlations with MGD parameters.\"},{\"question\":\"How were conjunctival microvascular parameters measured?\",\"answer\":\"Left-eye conjunctival imaging was performed using an optical system with Attention-UNet-based vessel segmentation and a two-step motion-correction pipeline; BFV, BFR, and vessel diameter were quantified, alongside tear film lipid measurements and meibography using LipiView® II.\"},{\"question\":\"What key vascular difference did the study find between SSDE and NSDE?\",\"answer\":\"The SSDE group had a significantly higher mean microvessel diameter than the NSDE group, and in NSDE, vessel diameter correlated with BFV while BFR correlated with meibomian scores.\"}]","Conjunctival microvascular alterations in dry eye disease: A comparative study of Sjögren’s and non‑Sjögren’s subtypes | PDF",1790746376,23]