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This paper examines how recent African immigrants in Canada understand civic participation, centering volunteerism as a democratic activity. Results indicate immigrants volunteer for the common good, often gaining experience that supports advancement, while some are pressured to volunteer. The findings inform settlement, adaptation, and educational curriculum planning to broaden conceptions of volunteerism and strengthen citizenship education.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/conceptions-of-volunteerism-among-recent-african-immigrants-in-canada-implications-for-democratic-citizenship-education/598527/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/conceptions-of-volunteerism-among-recent-african-immigrants-in-canada-implications-for-democratic-citizenship-education/598527.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"A glass of water","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-31","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":39},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"Who are considered “recent African immigrants” in this study?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"They are defined as people who have been in Canada for 10 years or less, whose last residence was in Africa, and who are Black.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How does the paper define volunteerism?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Volunteerism is defined as involvement in groups such as neighborhood, faith-based, educational, and ethnic associations, and participation in overseas/international humanitarian work responding to natural or man-made disasters.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What do the findings suggest about recent African immigrants’ volunteering motives and experiences?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The findings indicate immigrants volunteer for the common good and may gain experience that supports advancement in their host society, while some are coerced into volunteering.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},598527,1792167152,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":39,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},962090760832,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","Conceptions of Volunteerism Among Recent African Immigrants in Canada: Implications for Democratic  \nCitizenship Education  \n[i]   [ii]   [iii]  \nOttilia Chareka , Joseph Nyemah and Angellar Manguvo  \nAbstract  \nIn democratic societies the level of citizens’ civic engagement and inclusion in all forms of democratic participation is crucial in maintaining social cohesion and a vibrant democracy. In the historical development of Canada’s demographic, political, socioeconomic and cultural systems, immigration continues to play an influential role. Our paper presents conceptions of civic participation held by, inclusion and integration of recent African immigrants to Canada. We focus on volunteerism as one form of democratic participation. The findings show immigrants volunteer for the common good of society, making a difference, personal self-service gaining experience for advancement in their host society. Some are coerced into volunteering. Some of these findings concur with theoretical literature that positions various volunteering motives, bringing up implications for federal agencies involved in the settlement, adaptation programs for newcomers and educational curriculum planners attempting to widen conceptions of volunteerism, fostering engagement and promotion of citizenship education in general.  \nIntroduction  \n[iv]  \nThis study seeks to contribute more knowledge to the debate of citizenship education, in particular, civic engagement and integration of recent African immigrants to Canada. For the purpose of this study, recent African immigrants are those who have been in Canada for 10 years or less, whose last residence country was in Africa and who are Black. It also adds to the academic literature on volunteerism among this population segment in the Maritime Provinces of Canada. Volunteerism in Canada has its historical roots from the 18th and 19th centuries when the Aboriginals and First Nations People welcomed and helped European settlers to survive by giving out food, teaching them how to forage, paddle canoes and travel on snowshoes (Lautenschlager, 1992) . Consequently, Canadian concept of volunteerism is premised on loving neighbors, upholding charitable values or simply the fortunate helping the less fortunate (Lautenschlager, 1992) . Certainly, this practice has developed into a culture of creating several immigrant support volunteer organizations across Canada.  \nIt is useful to explore volunteerism as the key concept under discussion and as a form of democratic civic participation. In this study we define volunteerism as one’s involvement in groups such as neighborhood associations, faith-based groups, educational associations and ethnic groups, participation in overseas or international humanitarian work designed as a response to natural or man-made disasters. Volunteerism is also viewed as socially unique because it often entails the act of helping or giving without a sense of reciprocity (Helly, 1997 and Reed & Selbee, 2001) . It is from this vantage point of giving without any recompense which was interesting as one part of the findings in this study.  \nSeveral studies have investigated the trends and patterns of volunteerism among immigrants in different parts of Canada, but there is little focus on recent African immigrants in the Maritime Provinces of Canada (Abdul-Razzaq, 2007; Chareka, 2005; Chareka &, Sears, 2005, 2006; Denis, 2006; Nyemah, 2007 and Ramakrishnan, K. & Viramontes, 2006) . One would argue that such research is necessary given the contention that citizenship education seeks to promote citizens’ involvement in all aspects of democratic participation to promote a healthy democratic society. There are various forms of democratic participation ranging from voting, running for political office, protesting, volunteering and others.  \nIn the past years significant new policies and programs in civic education geared toward volunteering have been developed and implemented in various countries s","cbCaii6z2XuTHe3w","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaii6z2XuTHe3w","pdf",68748,14,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n## Study focus and key definitions\n## Historical and conceptual background of Canadian volunteerism\n## Volunteerism research gap in the Maritime Provinces\n## Volunteerism as a democratic form of civic participation\n## Relationship between volunteering and integration, job search, and unemployment","[{\"question\":\"Who are considered “recent African immigrants” in this study?\",\"answer\":\"They are defined as people who have been in Canada for 10 years or less, whose last residence was in Africa, and who are Black.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the paper define volunteerism?\",\"answer\":\"Volunteerism is defined as involvement in groups such as neighborhood, faith-based, educational, and ethnic associations, and participation in overseas/international humanitarian work responding to natural or man-made disasters.\"},{\"question\":\"What do the findings suggest about recent African immigrants’ volunteering motives and experiences?\",\"answer\":\"The findings indicate immigrants volunteer for the common good and may gain experience that supports advancement in their host society, while some are coerced into volunteering.\"}]","Conceptions of Volunteerism Among Recent African Immigrants in Canada - Implications for Democratic Citizenship Education | PDF",1792087096,35]