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The study presents a compartmental cheek surgical technique and explains its rationale, surgical steps, and expected improvements in margin control and loco-regional control.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/","Healthcare",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/compartmental-surgery-for-squamous-cell-carcinoma-of-the-buccal-mucosa-description-of-a-new-surgical-technique/372208/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/compartmental-surgery-for-squamous-cell-carcinoma-of-the-buccal-mucosa-description-of-a-new-surgical-technique/372208.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"Theodore","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-01","2026-09-23",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",6,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"Why is buccal mucosa squamous cell carcinoma difficult to control surgically?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"Buccal mucosa lacks anatomical barriers that can contain neoplastic growth, allowing tumour spread through lymphatic networks, platysma muscle fibres, and facial vessel pathways. This contributes to higher loco-regional relapse rates.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"What is the core idea of the new compartmental surgical technique?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"The technique defines a three-dimensional cheek compartment and targets tumour spread pathways en bloc. It includes resection with adequate free margins and removal of the related lymphatic network and lymph nodes via the so-called “T-N tract”.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"What outcomes does the technique aim to improve?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"Compartmental surgery seeks better loco-regional disease control in intermediate-advanced stages. 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World Journal of Surgical Oncology (2025) 23:84  \n[https://doi.org/10.1186/s12957-025-03656-x](https://doi.org/10.1186/s12957-025-03656-x)  \nWorld Journal of Surgical Oncology  \nMETHODOLOGY Open Access  \nCompartmental surgery for squamous cell  carcinoma of the buccal mucosa: description of a new surgical technique  \nRita De Berardinis 1, Marta Tagliabue 1,2*, Francesco Chu 1, Fausto Maffini3*, Daniela Lepanto3, Nicola Fusco3, Roberto Bruschini 1, Gioacchino Giugliano 1, Stefano Riccio 1† and Mohssen Ansarin 1†  \nAbstract  \nBackground Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the sixth most common cancer globally. Patient survival varies depending on tumour stage and oral cavity subsites. Buccal mucosa neoplasia is rare and burdened by worse prognosis than other oral subsites, showing a high rate of loco-regional relapses within six months after treatment. According to NCCN guidelines, the gold standard treatment is radical surgery. In the oral cavity, the buccal mucosa subsite lacks anatomical barriers opposing neoplastic growth. At this level, the tumour cells could hypothetically spread along the fibres of the platysma muscle or the lymphatic networks ofthe peri-facial vessels without encountering any resistance. Due to the aggressive locoregional spread, radical surgery is mandatory to improve patient survival.  \nMethods This technical note describes the cheek compartmental surgical approach step by step. For intermediateadvanced stage cancer, the surgery should include the resection of the tumour with adequate free margins, the dissection of neck lymph nodes and the lymphatic network with the structures between the tumour (T) and the neck (N), the so-called “T-N tract”. The buccal mucosa compartment may be defined as a three-dimensional space between the oral cavity mucosa, the vessel plane, and the lymph nodes of the neck (levels I-IV) . These structures, connected by the platysma muscle and the facial vessels, may be considered the T-N tract of the mucosal cheek compartment. Results By removing all the possible pathways of tumour spread via compartmental surgery (en-bloc resection of the tumour with T-N tract and lymphatic network and lymph nodes) for buccal mucosa cancers, one could provide better locoregional control of disease in intermediate-advanced stages.  \nConclusion This surgical technique may enable a more accurate control of the surgical margins, especially the deep margins.  \n†Stefano Riccio and Mohssen Ansarin are co-last authors.  \n*Correspondence: Marta Tagliabue [marta.tagliabue@ieo.it](marta.tagliabue@ieo.it)[ ](marta.tagliabue@ieo.it)Fausto Maffini [fausto.maffini@ieo.it](fausto.maffini@ieo.it)  \nFull list of author information is available at the end of the article  \n© The Author(s) 2025. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License, which permits any non-commercial use, sharing, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if you modified the licensed material. You do not have permission under this licence to share adapted material derived from this article or parts of it. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit [http://creati](http://creati)[vecommons.org/l](vecommons.org/l)icenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/.  \nBerardinis De et al. World Journal of Surgical Oncology (2025) 23:84 Page 2 of 11  \nKeywords Buccal mucosa squamous cell carcinoma, Buccal mucosa, Mucosal che","cbCainPWKeRzyIPn","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCainPWKeRzyIPn","pdf",2302417,11,"English","# Abstract\n## Background\n## Methods\n## Results\n## Conclusion\n# Keywords\n# Background","[{\"question\":\"Why is buccal mucosa squamous cell carcinoma difficult to control surgically?\",\"answer\":\"Buccal mucosa lacks anatomical barriers that can contain neoplastic growth, allowing tumour spread through lymphatic networks, platysma muscle fibres, and facial vessel pathways. This contributes to higher loco-regional relapse rates.\"},{\"question\":\"What is the core idea of the new compartmental surgical technique?\",\"answer\":\"The technique defines a three-dimensional cheek compartment and targets tumour spread pathways en bloc. It includes resection with adequate free margins and removal of the related lymphatic network and lymph nodes via the so-called “T-N tract”.\"},{\"question\":\"What outcomes does the technique aim to improve?\",\"answer\":\"Compartmental surgery seeks better loco-regional disease control in intermediate-advanced stages. It also aims for more accurate surgical margin control, particularly deep margins.\"}]","Compartmental surgery for squamous cell carcinoma of the buccal mucosa - description of a new surgical technique | PDF",1790193978,28]