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This cross-sectional study examined gait spatiotemporal features and arm swing kinematics in 20 patients with COPD and 20 age- and sex-matched healthy controls during a 6-minute walk using motion capture with eight near-infrared cameras. Results showed distinct phase-ratio changes, poorer posture quality in COPD, and differences in arm swing symmetry compared with controls.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/comparison-of-spatiotemporal-and-arm-swing-characteristics-of-gait-between-patients-with-copd-and-healthy-controls-research-article/455302/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/comparison-of-spatiotemporal-and-arm-swing-characteristics-of-gait-between-patients-with-copd-and-healthy-controls-research-article/455302.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"RuangKosong","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-09-30",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",11,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What was the main goal of the study?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"To investigate spatiotemporal gait characteristics together with arm swing patterns in patients with COPD.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"How was gait and arm swing data collected?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"A motion capture system with eight near-infrared cameras recorded spatiotemporal gait and arm swing data during a 6-minute walk.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"Which outcomes differed between COPD patients and healthy controls?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"Stride and step-related measures were similar, while swing-phase ratio and posture quality differed. COPD patients showed a more abducted and symmetrical arm swing pattern, whereas controls showed asymmetry.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},455302,1790792976,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":140,"language":141,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":142,"faqs":143,"seo_title":144,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":145,"read_time":146,"preview_page_count":4},962090883219,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences  \n\n| Volume 55  Number 6 | Article 21 |\n| --- | --- |\n| 12-12-2025\u003Cbr>Comparison of spatiotemporal and arm swing characteristics of gait between patients with COPD and healthy controls\u003Cbr>HİDAYE YAMIKANNİHAT ÖZGÖREN SERDAR ARITANOĞUZ KARCIOĞLU AYNUR DEMİREL\u003Cbr>Follow this and additional works at: [https://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/medical](https://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/medical)\u003Cbr> Part of the Medical Sciences Commons |  |\n\nRecommended Citation  \nYAMIKAN, H, ÖZGÖREN, N, ARITAN, S, KARCIOĞLU, O, & DEMİREL, A (2025) . Comparison ofspatiotemporal and arm swing characteristics of gait between patients with COPD and healthy controls. Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences 55 (6): 1540-1551 . [https://doi.org/10.55730/1300-0144.61](https://doi.org/10.55730/1300-0144.61)12  \nThis work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.  \nThis Research Article is brought to you for free and open access by TÜBİTAK Academic Journals. It has been accepted for inclusion in Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences by an authorized editor of TÜBİTAK Academic Journals. For more information, please contact [academic.publications@tubitak.gov.tr](academic.publications@tubitak.gov.tr)  \n\n| \u003Cbr>| Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences [http://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/medical/](http://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/medical/)\u003Cbr>\u003Cbr>Research Article | Turk J Med Sci\u003Cbr>(2025) 55: 1540-1551 © TÜBİTAK\u003Cbr>doi:10.55730/1300-0144.6112 |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n\nComparison of spatiotemporal and arm swing characteristics of gait between patients  \nwith COPD and healthy controls  \nHidaye YAMIKAN1􀁋, Nihat ÖZGÖREN2􀁋, Serdar ARITAN2􀁋, Oğuz KARCIOĞLU3􀁋, Aynur DEMİREL1,*􀁋 1  \nDepartment of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation, Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Hacettepe University,  \nAnkara, Turkiye  \n2  \nDepartment of Exercise and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkiye 3  \nDepartment of Internal Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkiye  \nReceived: 29.05.2025  Accepted/Published Online: 29.09.2025  Final Version: 12.12.2025  \nBackground/aim: Impairments in spatiotemporal gait characteristics have been observed in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, arm swing characteristics—a fundamental component of gait that play a key role in maintaining gait stability and energy efficiency—have been largely overlooked. This study aimed to investigate the spatiotemporal characteristics of gait, together with arm swing patterns, in patients with COPD.  \nMaterials and methods: A total of 20 patients with COPD (aged 40–65 years) and 20 age-and sex-matched healthy controls (HC) participated in this cross-sectional study. Spatiotemporal gait characteristics and arm swing data were recorded using a motion capture system equipped with eight near-infrared cameras during a 6 min walk.  \nResults: Stride and step length, step time and width, gait speed, and cadence were similar between the groups (p > 0.05) . The swing phase ratio was higher in patients with COPD, whereas the gait cycle and stance phase ratios were higher in the HC (p \u003C 0.05) . The magnitude and total angular displacement of arm swings were similar between the groups (p > 0.05). In patients with COPD, the right and left arm swings were similar across both the flexion–extension and abduction–adduction axes (p > 0.05), whereas significant right– left differences were observed in the HC group (p \u003C 0.05). Posture quality was significantly poorer in patients with COPD (p \u003C 0.05). The types and presence of scapular dyskinesia were similar between the groups (p > 0.05) .  \nConclusion: Due to postural impairments and disease-related compensatory adaptations, a more abducted and symmetrical arm swing pattern was observed in patients with COPD. An asymmetrical arm swing pattern was observed in the HC group. These results highlight the importance of assessing and addressing up","cbCaieKB2trvbvu6","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaieKB2trvbvu6","pdf",816694,13,"English","# Background/aim\n# Materials and methods\n# Results\n# Conclusion\n# Key words\n# Introduction","[{\"question\":\"What was the main goal of the study?\",\"answer\":\"To investigate spatiotemporal gait characteristics together with arm swing patterns in patients with COPD.\"},{\"question\":\"How was gait and arm swing data collected?\",\"answer\":\"A motion capture system with eight near-infrared cameras recorded spatiotemporal gait and arm swing data during a 6-minute walk.\"},{\"question\":\"Which outcomes differed between COPD patients and healthy controls?\",\"answer\":\"Stride and step-related measures were similar, while swing-phase ratio and posture quality differed. COPD patients showed a more abducted and symmetrical arm swing pattern, whereas controls showed asymmetry.\"}]","Comparison of spatiotemporal and arm swing characteristics of gait between patients with COPD and healthy controls - Research Article | PDF",1790742571,33]