[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-seo-601613-105":3,"doc-detail-601613-en":81,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":98},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"ok",{"site_id":7,"language":8,"slug":9,"title":10,"keywords":11,"description":12,"schema_data":13,"social_meta":74,"head_meta":76,"extra_data":78,"updated_unix":80},105,"en","comparison-of-designers-design-thinking-modes-in-digital-and-traditional-sketches","Comparison of Designer’s Design Thinking Modes in Digital and Traditional Sketches","","Design thinking behaviour during early concept development is examined through designers’ use of digital media versus traditional paper sketching. The study focuses on how problem solving structure and procedure differ across media, using verbal protocol data and protocol analysis to assess thinking behaviours. Results show that designers’ proficiency and knowledge affect problem construction and solving efficiency, while digital media enables deeper detail description and supports effective micro- and macro-level thinking, improving completeness and complementing education and practice.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/","Research & Report",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/comparison-of-designers-design-thinking-modes-in-digital-and-traditional-sketches/601613/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/comparison-of-designers-design-thinking-modes-in-digital-and-traditional-sketches/601613.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"anakgang17","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-03","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",8,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"What is the main goal of comparing digital and traditional sketching modes?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"The study explores whether designers’ macro- and micro-strategies differ when using a Wacom interactive digital pen system versus pen and paper during early conceptual development sketching.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"How did the study analyze designers’ thinking behaviours?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"Verbal data were collected and protocol analysis was used to examine designers’ thinking behaviours across different media.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"What are the study’s key findings about digital media versus traditional sketches?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"Digital media enables deeper description of detail design and supports effective micro- and macro-level thinking. Traditional pen-and-paper environments rely more on synthetic and contrast-based manipulation during idea development.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":75,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":77,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":79,"site_id":7},601613,1792192310,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"success",{"doc_id":79,"user_id":84,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":85,"doc_module":4,"category_id":55,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":86,"file_id":87,"file_url":88,"file_type":89,"file_size":90,"view_count":55,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":91,"language":92,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":93,"faqs":94,"seo_title":95,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":96,"read_time":97},962090883568,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_a8503ba1806abce46bf441b54a3ca4cd","Comparison of Designer’s Design Thinking Modes in Digital and Traditional Sketches  \nAssociate Professor Jun-Chieh Wu, Huafan University, Taiwan  \nMr. Cheng-Chi Chen, Chiao Tung University, Taiwan  \nMr. Hsin-Chia Chen, Huafan University, Taiwan  \nAbstract  \nThe internal design thinking behaviour of designers in the concept development has been an important issue of cognitive psychology. In this study, the design thinking process designers have in applying digital media and traditional paper in the early concept development stage was explored. Special focus was made on the structure and procedure of problem solving. With the verbal data obtained, the protocol analysis was employed to analyse designer’s thinking behaviours in using different media.  \nFrom the study, the author had reached the following conclusions: (1) The proficiency and related knowledge designers have for the design project has a big impact on the construction of the design problem and the efficiency of problem solving and completeness of detail design. (2) Compared with the traditional way of idea development, digital media makes it possible for designers to have an indepth description of the detail design with the help of related functions in digital media. (3) Designers can have an effective thinking process regarding the micro and macro aspects of a design project because of the function of software, enhancing the completeness of the design thinking while in traditional pen and paper environment, designers use the synthetic and contrast way to manipulate their idea development. The results obtained in this study will benefit both the design education and practical design activity where digital media is applied.  \nKey words  \ndesign thinking, computer-aided conceptual design, paperpen sketching, Wacom interactive digital pen input system  \nIntroduction  \nRegarding designer’s design thinking behaviours, researchers concern about the clear presentation of the behavioural models designers have in the interior situation logic and decision-making process in their idea development (Rowe, 1987) . During the design thinking activity, there are all sorts of variables and possibilities. Based upon the concept of information processing, Simon (1996) considers the design procedure a process developing from the initial state to the goal state, in which there are various searching paths and procedure. Therefore, the whole design procedure is often looked upon as a problem solving procedure. Schön & Wiggins (1992) claims that for designers, sketches not only serve as the descriptive tool for designers to record what within their minds but also a tool for designers to reinterpret the  \nsketches previously made and to reorganise their concepts. Tovey & Newman (2003) claim that sketches can be used to facilitate problem solving and creative efforts in the repetitive design process. The roles computer media plays in design can be divided into three layers, the design representation tool, design thinking media, and conceptual development tool. And different kinds of design media may result in different design thinking modes and representation styles (Liu, 1996) . Currently, Wacom interactive digital pen input system has made it possible for designers to make sketches right on the computer screen. As a result, the role of computer media has been promoted from previous representation tool and manufacturing assistant tool to the design thinking and conceptual representation tool. In other words, the role of digital media has been changed from the simple representation tool to one that can help designers with their conceptual development.  \nThe purpose of this study is twofold: (1) to explore whether there are differences for designers to apply Wacom interactive digital pen input system and traditional pen and paper in terms of their macro-and microstrategies in their design thinking modes when they draw sketches for conceptual development; (2) with the diversity of tools provide","cbCaidKXbfKLKsS4","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaidKXbfKLKsS4","pdf",505336,12,"English","# Abstract\n# Key words\n# Introduction\n# Literature review Design thinking\n## Design sketches","[{\"question\":\"What is the main goal of comparing digital and traditional sketching modes?\",\"answer\":\"The study explores whether designers’ macro- and micro-strategies differ when using a Wacom interactive digital pen system versus pen and paper during early conceptual development sketching.\"},{\"question\":\"How did the study analyze designers’ thinking behaviours?\",\"answer\":\"Verbal data were collected and protocol analysis was used to examine designers’ thinking behaviours across different media.\"},{\"question\":\"What are the study’s key findings about digital media versus traditional sketches?\",\"answer\":\"Digital media enables deeper description of detail design and supports effective micro- and macro-level thinking. Traditional pen-and-paper environments rely more on synthetic and contrast-based manipulation during idea development.\"}]","Comparison of Designer’s Design Thinking Modes in Digital and Traditional Sketches | PDF",1792092963,30,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":99},[100,104,108,112,117,122,127,129,134,137,141],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":101,"show_sort_weight":102,"slug":103},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":105,"show_sort_weight":106,"slug":107},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":109,"show_sort_weight":110,"slug":111},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":113,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":114,"show_sort_weight":115,"slug":116},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":118,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":119,"show_sort_weight":120,"slug":121},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":123,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":124,"show_sort_weight":125,"slug":126},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":55,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":97,"slug":128},"research-report",{"id":130,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":131,"show_sort_weight":132,"slug":133},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":132,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":135,"show_sort_weight":132,"slug":136},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":138,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":139,"show_sort_weight":138,"slug":140},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":142,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":143,"show_sort_weight":113,"slug":144},19,"General","general"]