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The study retrospectively evaluates whether I3M measurements from cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans are applicable and directly compares performance with panoramic radiography. Diagnostic accuracy is quantified using ROC analysis, reporting sensitivity, specificity, misclassification, predictive values, likelihood ratios, and AUROC at a 95% confidence interval.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/comparison-of-cone-beam-computed-tomography-and-panoramic-radiography-in-estimating-the-18-year-age-threshold-retrospective-study/457836/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/comparison-of-cone-beam-computed-tomography-and-panoramic-radiography-in-estimating-the-18-year-age-threshold-retrospective-study/457836.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"anakgang17","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-04","2026-09-30",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",11,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What is the third molar maturity index (I3M) used for in this research?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"I3M is used to assess whether an individual has reached the legal 18-year age threshold, originally based on panoramic radiographs.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"How was the study designed to compare CBCT and panoramic radiography?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"The study retrospectively selected patients who had both CBCT scans and panoramic radiographs, then measured maturity index values for mandibular third molars and evaluated diagnostic accuracy using ROC analysis.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"What do the results suggest about using I3M on CBCT scans?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"The findings indicate that I3M accuracy on CBCT scans is similar to that on panoramic radiographs for the same individuals, supporting I3M use with existing CBCT images for age estimation.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},457836,1791173258,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":105,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},962090883568,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_a8503ba1806abce46bf441b54a3ca4cd","Diricanlı et al. BMCOral Health (2026) 26:29 BMC Oral Health  \n[https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-025-07428-7](https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-025-07428-7)  \nRESEARCH Open Access  \nComparison of cone-beam computed tomography and panoramic radiographyin estimating the 18-year age threshold: a retrospective study  \nMünevver Gamze Diricanlı 1*, Nursel Akkaya2 and Hatice Yağmur Zengin3  \nAbstract  \nBackground The third molar maturity index (I3M) method, introduced for application on panoramic radiographs, is used to assess whether an individual has reached the legal 18-year age threshold. This study aimed to evaluate the applicability ofthe I3M method to cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans and to compare the results with those obtained from panoramic radiographs ofthe same patients.  \nMethods Patients who had already received both CBCT scans and panoramic radiographs were selected retrospectively. The maturity index values of 418 mandibular third molars were obtained through measurements using both CBCT scans and panoramic radiographs. The accuracy ofthe I3M method for both radiological methods was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. The sensitivity, specificity, misclassification rate, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), and overall area under the ROC curve (AUROC) at the 95% confidence interval (CI) level were calculated as performance measures for both imaging modalities.  \nResults Both imaging modalities showed excellent diagnostic performance, with AUROC values of 0.928 for  \nCBCT and 0.932 for panoramic radiography. The sensitivity of CBCT was 82 . 0%, the specificity was 89 . 7%, and themisclassification rate was 14. 1% . For panoramic radiography, the sensitivity was 85 . 1%, the specificity was 86 . 8%, and the misclassification rate was 18. 1% . The PLR and NLR values for CBCT were 7.96 and 0. 20, respectively, whereas those for panoramic radiography were 6.43 and 0 . 17, respectively. Additionally, the PPV and NPV values for CBCT were 0.943 and 0. 705, respectively, and those for panoramic radiography were 0.930 and 0. 738, respectively.  \nConclusions The results indicated that the accuracy ofthe I3M method for CBCT scans was similar to that for panoramic radiographs from the same individuals. Importantly, the I3M method used to estimate the legal 18-year age threshold can also be used for CBCT scans, as it enables the use of existing CBCT images in age estimation studies.  \nKeywords Age estimation, CBCT, Forensic dentistry, Panoramic radiography, Third molar maturity index, Turkey  \n*Correspondence:  \nMünevver Gamze Diricanlı  \n[munevverdiricanli@hacettepe.edu.tr](munevverdiricanli@hacettepe.edu.tr)  \n1Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey  \n2Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey  \n3Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Sıhhiye, Ankara 06100, Turkey  \n© The Author(s) 2025. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License, which permits any non-commercial use, sharing, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if you modified the licensed material. You do not have permission under this licence to share adapted material derived from this article or parts of it. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you wi","cbCaifTD5qjBPBqz","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaifTD5qjBPBqz","pdf",1405422,"English","# Abstract\n# Methods\n# Results\n# Conclusions\n# Introduction","[{\"question\":\"What is the third molar maturity index (I3M) used for in this research?\",\"answer\":\"I3M is used to assess whether an individual has reached the legal 18-year age threshold, originally based on panoramic radiographs.\"},{\"question\":\"How was the study designed to compare CBCT and panoramic radiography?\",\"answer\":\"The study retrospectively selected patients who had both CBCT scans and panoramic radiographs, then measured maturity index values for mandibular third molars and evaluated diagnostic accuracy using ROC analysis.\"},{\"question\":\"What do the results suggest about using I3M on CBCT scans?\",\"answer\":\"The findings indicate that I3M accuracy on CBCT scans is similar to that on panoramic radiographs for the same individuals, supporting I3M use with existing CBCT images for age estimation.\"}]","Comparison of cone-beam computed tomography and panoramic radiography in estimating the 18-year age threshold - retrospective study | PDF",1790750624,28]