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This single-center prospective observational study compared inpatients and outpatients and evaluated independent predictors of poor bowel cleansing using the Boston Bowel Preparation Scale. Among 217 procedures, admission status showed no significant effect. Smoking independently predicted inadequate cleansing, while split-dose bowel preparation substantially improved adequacy, strengthening evidence for regimen selection and risk mitigation.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/comparison-of-bowel-preparation-quality-for-colonoscopy-between-inpatients-and-outpatients-a-single-center-prospective-observational-study-in-lebanon/430429/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/comparison-of-bowel-preparation-quality-for-colonoscopy-between-inpatients-and-outpatients-a-single-center-prospective-observational-study-in-lebanon/430429.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"\tJames","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-09-29",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":44},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"Does inpatient status affect bowel preparation quality for colonoscopy?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"No. The study found no statistically significant difference in bowel preparation adequacy between inpatients and outpatients.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"Which factors independently predict poor bowel cleansing in the overall cohort?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Smoking was associated with inadequate cleansing, with smokers having substantially lower odds of good preparation. Split-dose regimens, in contrast, significantly improved bowel cleansing.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How does the split-dose regimen compare with the single-dose regimen?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Split-dose bowel preparation increased the odds of adequate bowel cleansing by nearly five times compared with single-dose regimens.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},430429,1790807796,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":44,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},2336474466412,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","Review began 11/06/2025  \nReview ended 11/20/2025  \nPublished 12/04/2025  \n© Copyright 2025  \nAlkhalil et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License CC-BY 4.0. , which permits unrestricted use , distribution , and reproduction in any medium , provided the original author and source are credited.  \nDOI: 10.7759/cureus.98483  \nOpen Access Original Article  \nComparison of Bowel Preparation Quality for Colonoscopy Between Inpatients and Outpatients: A Single-Center Prospective Observational Study in Lebanon  \nNayefAlkhalil 1, Sara Ayoub 2, Nathalie Nasser 2 , Rola Bou Serhal 3 , Abed AlRaouf Kawtharani 1, Rola Hussein 4 , Bilal Hotayt 4  \n1. Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, LBN  \n2. Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, LBN 3. Division of Research, Modern University for Business and Science (MUBS), Beirut, LBN 4. Division of Gastroenterology, Al Rassoul Al-Aazam Hospital, Beirut, LBN  \nCorresponding author: NayefAlkhalil, [nayef.alkhalil.1@gmail.com](nayef.alkhalil.1@gmail.com)  \nAbstract  \nBackground: Inadequate bowel cleansing is a common challenge among patients undergoing colonoscopy. However, no prior study has specifically investigated whether admission status itself contributes to suboptimal preparation in the Lebanese population.  \nObjectives: To compare the adequacy of bowel preparation between inpatients and outpatients and to identify independent predictors of poor bowel cleansing.  \nMethods: This prospective, single-center observational study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital and included colonoscopies performed on both inpatients and outpatients. A total of 217 procedures were analyzed (109 outpatients and 108 inpatients) . Bowel preparation quality was evaluated using the Boston Bowel Preparation Scale (BBPS) . Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify factors associated with inadequate bowel preparation.  \nResults: No statistically significant difference in bowel preparation adequacy was found between inpatients and outpatients. In the overall cohort, two independent predictors of bowel preparation quality were identified. Smoking was significantly associated with inadequate cleansing, with smokers having 62.4% lower odds of achieving good preparation compared to non-smokers (OR = 0 .376; p = 0 .002) . Conversely, the use of a split-dose regimen significantly improved bowel cleansing, increasing the odds of adequate preparation by nearly five times compared to single-dose regimens (OR = 4 .96; p = 0 .001) .  \nConclusions: Inpatient status was not associated with inferior bowel preparation compared to outpatient status. Smoking and the type of bowel preparation regimen (split-vs. single-dose) were the most significant predictors of bowel cleansing quality.  \nCategories: Epidemiology/Public Health, Quality Improvement, Gastroenterology  \nKeywords: boston bowel preparation score, bowel cleansing, inpatients, smoking, split-dose regimen  \nIntroduction  \nColonoscopy, also referred to as lower gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy, is a diagnostic and therapeutic procedure that allows direct visualization of the colon and the distal terminal ileum. It is performed using a flexible endoscope equipped with a high-definition camera and accessory channels for insufflation, suction, irrigation, and instrumentation. Colonoscopy plays a central role in diagnosing and managing various GI disorders, including colorectal cancer (CRC), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and lower GI bleeding [1,2] .  \nIndications for colonoscopy are generally classified into diagnostic and therapeutic categories. Diagnostic indications include CRC screening, evaluation of unexplained diarrhea, occult or overt GI bleeding, and post-surgical surveillance [2] . For average-risk individuals aged 50-75 years, the United States Preventive Services Task Force","cbCaivXzm0rMMKPv","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaivXzm0rMMKPv","pdf",806003,14,"English","# Abstract\n## Background\n## Objectives\n## Methods\n## Results\n## Conclusions\n# Introduction\n## Colonoscopy and clinical relevance\n## Indications and guidelines\n## Importance of bowel preparation\n## Scoring systems and BBPS rationale","[{\"question\":\"Does inpatient status affect bowel preparation quality for colonoscopy?\",\"answer\":\"No. The study found no statistically significant difference in bowel preparation adequacy between inpatients and outpatients.\"},{\"question\":\"Which factors independently predict poor bowel cleansing in the overall cohort?\",\"answer\":\"Smoking was associated with inadequate cleansing, with smokers having substantially lower odds of good preparation. Split-dose regimens, in contrast, significantly improved bowel cleansing.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the split-dose regimen compare with the single-dose regimen?\",\"answer\":\"Split-dose bowel preparation increased the odds of adequate bowel cleansing by nearly five times compared with single-dose regimens.\"}]","Comparison of Bowel Preparation Quality for Colonoscopy Between Inpatients and Outpatients - A Single-Center Prospective Observational Study in Lebanon | PDF",1790652784,35]