[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-186701-en":3,"doc-seo-186701-105":31,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":92},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":21,"is_downloadable":21,"audit_status":21,"page_count":22,"language":23,"language_code":24,"site_id":25,"html_lang":24,"table_of_contents":26,"faqs":27,"seo_title":28,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":29,"read_time":30},186701,1099514068035,"Ezra","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c",8,"Research & Report","Comparative Examination of Creep of GLT- and CLT-slabs in Bending - Meeting Forty - Bled - August 2007","Cross-laminated timber (CLT) is comparable to plywood made by orthogonal layers, while its base materials match glued laminated timber (GLT) lamella-board requirements. Serviceability design often governs in ceilings due to high slenderness. Therefore, long-term deformations driven by creep must be considered using the deformation factor kdef in European design rules, whose value for CLT still needs identification. Long-term four-point bending tests on five-layer CLT slabs were conducted, with parallel GLT tests enabling direct comparison under varied loading and climate conditions.","INTERNATIONAL COUNCIL FOR RESEARCH AND INNOVATIONIN BUILDING AND CONSTRUCTION  \nWORKING COMMISSION W18-TIMBER STRUCTURES  \nCOMPARATIVE EXAMINATION OF CREEP OF GLT-AND  \nCLT-SLABS IN BENDING  \nRA Jöbstl  \nG Schickhofer  \nInstitute for Timber Engineering and Wood TechnologyGraz University of Technology  \nAUSTRIA  \nMEETING FORTY  \nBLED  \nSLOVENIA  \nAUGUST 2007  \n# Comparative examination of creep of GLT-and\n\nCLT-slabs in bending  \nRA Jöbstl,G Schickhofer  \nInstitute for Timber Engineering and Wood TechnologyGraz University of Technology,Austria  \n# 1 Abstract\n\nCross laminated timber(CLT)is -comparable with plywood-build up of orthogonallayers.The base materials are boards or in further steps the lamella,which match therequirements of glued laminated timber(GLT).Concerning standardisation,CLT is onlyregulated nationally in DIN 1052 and SIA 265.The main current application lies inresidential buildings.Because of high slenderness in case of ceilings-span to depth ratiosof 25 to 35-serviceability design is generally decisive.  \nAs a result-beside of short-term-deformations-long-term-deformations and related creepof discussed structures has to be kept in attention.According the current European designreglementations long-time-deformation has to be derived by reducing stiffnesscharacteristic which is regulated by deformation factor kdef.The kdef for CLT has still to beidentified.  \nFor that long-term four-point-bending-tests on five-layered CLT slab elements acc.EN408 have been carried out at the Graz University of Technology.To reduce the samplesize,parallel tests on GLT slab elements have been done with same testing configurationto enable direct comparison of test results of CLT with a well examined and knownstructure.By testing,loading (approx.9%and approx.25%of failure load)and climate(approx.SC1 and SC2)have been varied.  \nThe results for CLT lead to about 30÷40%higher creep value ke compared to GLT,which nearly conforms the difference between unidirectional build up GLT andcomparable to CLT orthogonal build up plywood.  \nData gained from total deformation demonstrate smeared creep value ke,CLT,5s over the five-layered cross section.Furthermore,based on these results and by some additionalassumptions creep value kc,9090 for rolling shear G₉090 has been derived.This has enabledcalculation of CLT-elements with various number of layers,which demonstrate relativelow difference to five-layered build up.By application of this method a practice relevantand smeared creep value for the whole structure-as possible for other layered wood-structures like plywood and OSB-can be derived by the engineer.  \n# 2 Introduction\n\nCross laminated timber(CLT)is a multi-layered shell product,whereby orthogonal boardlayers lead to blocking each other.So CLT is familiar to two further products wellintroduced in timber engineering-with the product glued laminated timber(GLT)concerning base material board and dimensions,to product plywood comparable due todimensional stability and slab-like character.  \nFor application in timber engineering as slab loaded in bending,up to now lack ofknowledge concerning expectable system-and laminating effect for economic ultimatelimit design and creep values respectively deformation factors for serviceability have beengiven.Both questions have been addressed in a common project on the Graz University ofTechnology,whereby system-structural behaviour has been presented in [1]and themeconcerning long-term-deformations will be discussed in on hand report.Based on short-term four-point bending tests(see [1])and long-term bending tests on five-layered CLT-elements creep values and deformation factors are proposed.Parallel identicalaccomplished long-term-tests on GLT-plate-elements,a well known and standardizedproduct,have enabled direct comparison with CLT.  \n# 3 Current knowledge and status of research\n\n## 3.1 Creep in design codes\n\nThe long-term-behaviour,and hence serviceability,are deeply influenced by the creep-behaviour of ","cbCaijSA0ZIMjIEU","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaijSA0ZIMjIEU","pdf",2147791,3,1,15,"English","en",105,"# 1 Abstract\n# 2 Introduction\n# 3 Current knowledge and status of research\n## 3.1 Creep in design codes\n## 3.2 Research and creep","[{\"question\":\"Why is long-term creep critical for CLT slab design in bending?\",\"answer\":\"In ceilings with high span-to-depth ratios, serviceability design governs, so long-term deformations from creep must be accounted for alongside short-term deformation.\"},{\"question\":\"How were the long-term bending tests for CLT and GLT performed?\",\"answer\":\"Four-point bending tests on five-layer CLT slab elements were carried out (per EN 408), and parallel tests on GLT slab elements used the same testing configuration to enable direct comparison.\"},{\"question\":\"What were the key findings about creep values between CLT and GLT?\",\"answer\":\"The tests showed CLT creep values about 30–40% higher than GLT, aligning with differences expected from orthogonal versus unidirectional layer construction.\"}]","Comparative Examination of Creep of GLT- and CLT-slabs in Bending - Meeting Forty - Bled - August 2007 | PDF",1788376136,38,{"code":4,"msg":32,"data":33},"ok",{"site_id":25,"language":24,"slug":34,"title":13,"keywords":35,"description":14,"schema_data":36,"social_meta":87,"head_meta":89,"extra_data":91,"updated_unix":29},"comparative-examination-of-creep-of-glt-and-clt-slabs-in-bending-meeting-forty-bled-august-2007","",{"@graph":37,"@context":86},[38,54,69],{"@type":39,"itemListElement":40},"BreadcrumbList",[41,45,49,51],{"item":42,"name":43,"@type":44,"position":21},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":46,"name":47,"@type":44,"position":48},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":50,"name":12,"@type":44,"position":20},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",{"item":52,"name":13,"@type":44,"position":53},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/comparative-examination-of-creep-of-glt-and-clt-slabs-in-bending-meeting-forty-bled-august-2007/186701/",4,{"url":52,"name":13,"@type":55,"author":56,"headline":13,"publisher":58,"fileFormat":61,"inLanguage":24,"description":14,"dateModified":62,"datePublished":63,"encodingFormat":61,"isAccessibleForFree":64,"interactionStatistic":65},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":57},"Person",{"url":42,"name":59,"@type":60},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-09-05","2026-09-02",true,{"@type":66,"interactionType":67,"userInteractionCount":20},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":68},"ViewAction",{"@type":70,"mainEntity":71},"FAQPage",[72,78,82],{"name":73,"@type":74,"acceptedAnswer":75},"Why is long-term creep critical for CLT slab design in bending?","Question",{"text":76,"@type":77},"In ceilings with high span-to-depth ratios, serviceability design governs, so long-term deformations from creep must be accounted for alongside short-term deformation.","Answer",{"name":79,"@type":74,"acceptedAnswer":80},"How were the long-term bending tests for CLT and GLT performed?",{"text":81,"@type":77},"Four-point bending tests on five-layer CLT slab elements were carried out (per EN 408), and parallel tests on GLT slab elements used the same testing configuration to enable direct comparison.",{"name":83,"@type":74,"acceptedAnswer":84},"What were the key findings about creep values between CLT and GLT?",{"text":85,"@type":77},"The tests showed CLT creep values about 30–40% higher than GLT, aligning with differences expected from orthogonal versus unidirectional layer 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