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Aberrant glycosylation, a key post-translational modification, plays a crucial role in tumor development, metastasis, and immune evasion. Specific glycosylation changes, including altered sialylation and fucosylation, are linked to disease progression and prognosis. This study analyzes the serum N-glycome in myoma uteri, endometriosis, and cervical carcinoma using HILIC-UPLC with fluorescence and mass spectrometric detection to identify biomarker potential.",{"@graph":69,"@context":127},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/comparative-analysis-of-serum-n-glycosylation-in-endometriosis-and-gynecologic-cancers/371480/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/comparative-analysis-of-serum-n-glycosylation-in-endometriosis-and-gynecologic-cancers/371480.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Kyle","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-02","2026-09-23",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",11,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119,123],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What is the main goal of the study?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"To analyze serum N-glycosylation patterns in myoma uteri, endometriosis, and cervical carcinoma and evaluate their biomarker potential.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"How were serum glycans prepared and analyzed?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"Serum samples were deglycosylated with PNGase F, labeled with procainamide, purified by solid-phase extraction, and analyzed using HILIC-UPLC with fluorescence and mass spectrometric detection.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"What glycan differences were observed across disease groups?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"All disease groups showed higher levels of specific bi-antennary glycans (A2G2 and A2G2S1) compared with controls.",{"name":124,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":125},"Which glycosylation changes were associated with endometriosis and cervical cancer?",{"text":126,"@type":114},"Cervical cancer showed higher agalactosylated and mono-sialylated glycans, while endometriosis showed decreased bisected N-glycans and increased highly branched tetra-sialylated glycans.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":129,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":131,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":133,"site_id":62},371480,1790319528,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":136},{"doc_id":133,"user_id":137,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":138,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":139,"file_id":140,"file_url":141,"file_type":142,"file_size":143,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":105,"language":144,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":145,"faqs":146,"seo_title":147,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":148,"read_time":149},3985741905716,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_994ba38a5ba835b3df7d355c54d3ed8d","Article  \nComparative Analysis of Serum N-Glycosylation in Endometriosis and Gynecologic Cancers  \nRóbert Pásztor 1,2, Béla Viskolcz 1, Csaba Oláh 2 and Csaba Váradi 1, *  \nAcademic Editor: Sanja Dabeli´c  \nReceived: 13 March 2025  \nRevised: 16 April 2025  \nAccepted: 23 April 2025  \nPublished: 25 April 2025  \nCitation: Pásztor, R.; Viskolcz, B.; Oláh, C.; Váradi, C. Comparative Analysis of Serum N-Glycosylation in Endometriosis and Gynecologic Cancers. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26, 4105 .  \n[https://doi.org/10.3390/](https://doi.org/10.3390/)[ ](https://doi.org/10.3390/)ijms26094105  \nCopyright: © 2025 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ([https://creativecommons.org/](https://creativecommons.org/)[ ](https://creativecommons.org/)[licenses/by/4.0/](licenses/by/4.0/)) .  \n1 Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Materials and Chemical Engineering, University of Miskolc, 3515 Miskolc, Hungary; [csuko67@gmail.com](csuko67@gmail.com) (R.P.); [bela.viskolcz@uni-miskolc.hu](bela.viskolcz@uni-miskolc.hu) (B.V.)  \n2 Department of Neurosurgery, Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén County Center Hospital and University Teaching Hospital, 3526 Miskolc, Hungary; [olahcs@gmail.com](olahcs@gmail.com)  \n* Correspondence: [csaba.varadi@uni-miskolc.hu](csaba.varadi@uni-miskolc.hu); Tel.: +36-30-894-7730  \nAbstract: Gynecologic tumors are a leading cause of cancer-related mortality in women worldwide, with endometrial, ovarian, and cervical types being the most prevalent. Aberrant glycosylation, a key post-translational modification, plays a crucial role in tumor development, metastasis, and immune evasion. Specific glycosylation changes, such as altered sialylation and fucosylation, have been identified in gynecologic cancers and are associated with disease progression and prognosis. Understanding glycosylation alterations in gynecologic cancers holds promise for novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, ultimately enhancing patient outcomes. In this study, the serum N-glycome was analyzed in patients with myoma uteri, endometriosis, and cervical carcinoma by hydrophilic-interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC-UPLC) with fluorescence (FLR) and mass-spectrometric (MS) detection in order to identify their biomarker potential. Individual serum samples were deglycosylated by PNGase F digestion followed by procainamide labeling and solid-phaseextraction-based purification. All disease groups exhibited consistently higher levels of specific bi-antennary glycans (A2G2 and A2G2S1) compared to control patients. Additionally, significantly higher levels of agalactosylated and mono-sialylated glycans were found in cervical cancer, while a notable decrease in bisected N-glycans, alongside an increase in highly branched tetra-sialylated glycans, was found in endometriosis. Our study serves as proof-of-concept, demonstrating that discovering biomarkers within the serum N-glycome is a promising approach for identifying non-invasive indicators of gynecologic conditions.  \nKeywords: myoma uteri; endometriosis; cervical carcinoma; N-glycosylation; biomarker discovery  \n1. Introduction  \nGynecologic cancers are among the leading causes of cancer-related deaths in women worldwide [1] . Cervical cancer remains a significant health concern, with its progression closely linked to human papillomavirus (HPV) infection [2] . Despite advancements in screening and vaccination, cervical cancer continues to contribute substantially to gynecologic cancer morbidity and mortality [3] . Glycosylation involves the enzymatic addition of sugar moieties to proteins, influencing their structure and function [4] . In cancer, aberrant glycosylation patterns can promote malignant transformation, tumor development, invasiveness, and metastasis [5] . The early detection of gynecologic cancers is crucial for improving patient outcomes as current diagnostic to","cbCaitVf1cmgKNKx","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaitVf1cmgKNKx","pdf",1874825,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n# Materials and Methods\n## Sample preparation\n## Glycan analysis (HILIC-UPLC, MS)\n# Results\n## Control vs disease glycan profiles\n## Disease-specific glycan alterations\n# Discussion\n# Conclusion","[{\"question\":\"What is the main goal of the study?\",\"answer\":\"To analyze serum N-glycosylation patterns in myoma uteri, endometriosis, and cervical carcinoma and evaluate their biomarker potential.\"},{\"question\":\"How were serum glycans prepared and analyzed?\",\"answer\":\"Serum samples were deglycosylated with PNGase F, labeled with procainamide, purified by solid-phase extraction, and analyzed using HILIC-UPLC with fluorescence and mass spectrometric detection.\"},{\"question\":\"What glycan differences were observed across disease groups?\",\"answer\":\"All disease groups showed higher levels of specific bi-antennary glycans (A2G2 and A2G2S1) compared with controls.\"},{\"question\":\"Which glycosylation changes were associated with endometriosis and cervical cancer?\",\"answer\":\"Cervical cancer showed higher agalactosylated and mono-sialylated glycans, while endometriosis showed decreased bisected N-glycans and increased highly branched tetra-sialylated glycans.\"}]","Comparative Analysis of Serum N-Glycosylation in Endometriosis and Gynecologic Cancers | PDF",1790192169,28]