[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-595873-105":59,"doc-detail-595873-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","community-development-through-open-learning-and-distance-education","Community Development through Open Learning and Distance Education","","The early 21st century brings an intensified global need for community development, tied to expanding education access and addressing teacher shortages. UNESCO data indicate that many countries must significantly increase their education workforce to meet development targets. In developing contexts, socioeconomic inequality, instability, demographic shifts, and crises such as HIV/AIDS contribute to inadequate teacher supply and low teacher quality. The descriptive study evaluates teaching-learning community perceptions of community development through open and distance learning, analyzing data with SPSS.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/community-development-through-open-learning-and-distance-education/595873/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/community-development-through-open-learning-and-distance-education/595873.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Fans","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":34},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"Why is community development considered more urgent in the early 21st century?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The text links community development urgency to the growing global need for education expansion and the difficulty of achieving development targets without increasing educationists and improving teacher capacity.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What problem does the study highlight regarding teachers in many developing countries?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"It points to huge shortfalls in teacher supply and low teacher quality driven by socioeconomic inequities, political instability, demographic changes, and crises such as HIV/AIDS.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How does the study investigate open and distance learning’s role in community development?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"It uses a descriptive study targeting teachers, students, community members, and experts, with statistical data analysis conducted using SPSS to measure perceptions of community development with reference to ODL.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},595873,1792888475,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":34,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},5909892330395,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_6f874abed73319feea01a86fa6f0fab8","Community Development through Open Learning and Distance Education  \nTahir Mehmood *, Abid Hussain Ch** and Amna Saeed***  \nAbstract  \nThe global need for community development is greater now in the early 21st century than ever before. According to UNESCO, half of the world‟s 195 countries will have to expand their stock of educationist significantly, some by tens of thousands, if the goal development targets are desired to achieve. Socioeconomic inequities, political instability, demographic changes and crises such as the HIV/AIDs epidemic have engendered huge shortfalls in teacher supply and low teacher quality in many developing countries. Education serves as back bone in development process. Open learning and distance education programs are serving as pivotal part of development process. It is now clear that “bricks and mortar” approaches to expanding teacher education may not be adequate if the current and projected shortfalls in teacher supply and low teacher quality are to be properly addressed. The study is designed to measure the perceptions of teaching learning community about community development with special reference to open and distance learning. It was descriptive study which targeted teachers, students, community members and experts. Data analysis was carried out by using statistical techniques served by SPSS. Findings reflected that audience perceives open and distance learning as change agent and as development tool. It is noticed that target audience has driven prominent performance by using facility of open and distance learning.  \nKeywords: Community development, open and distance learning, teachers, students  \n*Assistant Professor, Institute of Education and Research, University of the Punjab-Lahore Email: [drtabsum@gmail.com](drtabsum@gmail.com), [tahir.ier@pu.edu.pk](tahir.ier@pu.edu.pk)  \n** Professor and Chairman, Department of Secondary Education, Institute of Education and Research, University of the Punjab, Lahore  \n***PhD Scholar, Institute of Education and Research, University ofthe Punjab, Lahore  \nIntroduction  \nThe demand for qualified and quality teachers has been continuously on the increase the world over. The global need for teacher education is greater now in the early 21st century than ever before(Midgley, Hall, Hardiman, & Narine, 1986) . Quite naturally, the teacher education programmes have acquired renewed significance. In order to attend to the growing concern of teacher quality and teacher shortage, it is crucial to examine the core of the problem that is, the type of teacher preparation and training being provided(Ife & Tesoriero, 2006) . Open and distance learning (ODL) has played an important role in initial teacher education and training since the United Nations Relief and Works Agency (UNRWA)/ UNESCO )Institute of Education was set up in the 1960s. Open and Distance Learning (ODL), with the use of innovative information and communication technologies and media, can train teachers more readily than conventional approaches(Ife, 1995) .  \nThe role of distance education is shifting from traditional education to technology enhanced open education. This shift has significant implications, and allows distance educators to play an important role in the fulfillment of the promise of the right to universal education(Grønbjerg, 1993) . At little or no cost, universities can make their content available to millions. Open Educational Resources (OERs) are an innovation giving new opportunities for learning and distance education. Distance education based in OERs removes limits and offers the possibility of widening participation in education(Christenson & Robinson, 1989) . This can include hard-toreach groups which have little or no access to education or, for example small businesses and individuals who feel they could benefit from professional development and access to current knowledge about a topic of interest(Perkins, Hughey, & Speer, 2002) .  \nCommunity development (CD) is a broad te","cbCaifK63jUBn5h7","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaifK63jUBn5h7","pdf",328885,14,"English","# Introduction\n## Community development and teacher education needs\n## Open learning and distance education as a development tool\n## Community development concepts and approaches","[{\"question\":\"Why is community development considered more urgent in the early 21st century?\",\"answer\":\"The text links community development urgency to the growing global need for education expansion and the difficulty of achieving development targets without increasing educationists and improving teacher capacity.\"},{\"question\":\"What problem does the study highlight regarding teachers in many developing countries?\",\"answer\":\"It points to huge shortfalls in teacher supply and low teacher quality driven by socioeconomic inequities, political instability, demographic changes, and crises such as HIV/AIDS.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the study investigate open and distance learning’s role in community development?\",\"answer\":\"It uses a descriptive study targeting teachers, students, community members, and experts, with statistical data analysis conducted using SPSS to measure perceptions of community development with reference to ODL.\"}]","Community Development through Open Learning and Distance Education | PDF",1792082022,35]