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The article argues that conversation strengthens communicative competence through grammatical, sociolinguistic, and strategic components, drawing on interaction-based and interactional competence theories. It offers practical insights and recommendations for colleges and universities to design a multifaceted conversation-consultation model for ELL learners across proficiency levels.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/communication-center-journal-vol-6-no-1-2020-enhancing-conversations-with-english-language-learners-in-communication-centers/599228/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/communication-center-journal-vol-6-no-1-2020-enhancing-conversations-with-english-language-learners-in-communication-centers/599228.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"kopisore","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-04","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":34},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What are conversation consultations in communication centers?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Conversation consultations are peer consulting services designed to support English language learners through structured conversation. The model is described as evolving through collaboration with student staff, English language instructors, and ELLs.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How does conversation contribute to communicative competence for ELLs?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The article explains that conversation helps develop communicative competence by enabling practice and acquisition of grammatical competence, sociolinguistic competence, and strategic competence during real interaction.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"Why is the focus on English language learners expanding in communication centers?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"As higher education becomes more ethnically and culturally diverse, the article notes increased international student enrollment. It argues that communication centers can better use their services to meet ELLs’ oral communication needs outside standard academic programs.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},599228,1792167213,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":34,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},962090880963,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_6f874abed73319feea01a86fa6f0fab8","Communication Center Journal  \nVol. 6 , No. 1 , 2020  \nEnhancing Conversations with English Language Learners in Communication  \nCenters  \nErin Ellis Harrison University of North Carolina – Greensboro  \nCaroline Myrick Independent Scholar  \nCommunication centers often focus on supporting students’ communicative competencies in public speaking through targeted feedback on outlines and in simulated practice sessions. Some communication centers have expanded this focus to include support for English language learners (ELLs) . The University Speaking Center at the College has incorporated peer consulting ofELLs, known as conversation consultations, into its offered services and have evolved over time through a collaborative process with student staff, English language instructors, and ELLs. In efforts to be both effective and responsive to their needs, conversation consultations have developed into a multifaceted model of service for ELLs at different levels of language acquisition. This case study offers insights and recommendations for colleges and universities with communication centers and those with a large ELL population for how to structure conversation consultations to support learners in their language acquisition.  \nAs the United States is becoming more ethnically and culturally diverse, so is the population enrolling in colleges and universities. In 2018/19, the total number of international students in the United States increased by 0.05% to 1,095,299 students (IIE, 2019) . International student recruitment is becoming integral to the  \n1 While the terms second language acquisition (SLA) and second language (L2) are used throughout these  \nfinancial health of many institutions of higher education in the United States (Chondaha & Chang, 2012) as foreign students pay on average twice or more the tuition fees paid by national students (Sanchez-Serra & Marconi, 2018) . More international students means more support for this population on college campuses. International ELLs might look for resources on their campus that offer additional oral communication help and support outside of their academic programs. Armed with research on the value of conversation in language acquisition, we argue that communication centers—which have seen less research in this realm—have many linguistic benefits to offer ELLs and can better utilize their center to support this demographic.  \nConversation for Communicative Competence  \nThe goal of many adult and postsecondary-level ELLs is not only to increase knowledge of the components of a language (including reading and writing skills), but also to increase communicative competence (Sun, 2014; Walsh, 2014) . In application to second language acquisition (SLA), conversation serves as an important tool for acquiring communicative competence in a second language (L2)(Mackey, 2007; Verga & Kotz, 2013) . 1  \nsections due to their common use in the relevant literature, we acknowledge that many language  \nCommunication Center Journal Vol. 6 , No. 1 , 2020  \nCommunicative competence refers to the ability to accomplish speech acts and take part in speech events (Hymes, 1972) . Conversation plays a crucial role in the cultivation of communicative competence. Social learning theory (Vygotsky, 1978) places interaction—e.g. conversation—as central to all learning. The theory suggests that higher-order functions develop from social interactions, especially interactions between individuals at different stages ofthe learning process. Some SLA scholars have proposed an alternative to or extension of communicative competence, focusing on interactional competence (He & Young, 1998; Kramsch, 1986; Young, 1999 & 2011). The theory of interactional competence includes not only an increased focus on pragmatics (or the unwritten rules of social interaction) but also an understanding of “social, institutional, political, and historical circumstances that extend beyond the horizon of a single interaction”(Young, 1999, p. ","cbCaid6QkkfMowRh","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaid6QkkfMowRh","pdf",269303,14,"English","# Introduction\n# Conversation for Communicative Competence\n# Communicative Competence and Theoretical Foundations\n## Canale and Swain’s Model of Communicative Competence\n# Native Speaker–Non-Native Speaker Conversations","[{\"question\":\"What are conversation consultations in communication centers?\",\"answer\":\"Conversation consultations are peer consulting services designed to support English language learners through structured conversation. The model is described as evolving through collaboration with student staff, English language instructors, and ELLs.\"},{\"question\":\"How does conversation contribute to communicative competence for ELLs?\",\"answer\":\"The article explains that conversation helps develop communicative competence by enabling practice and acquisition of grammatical competence, sociolinguistic competence, and strategic competence during real interaction.\"},{\"question\":\"Why is the focus on English language learners expanding in communication centers?\",\"answer\":\"As higher education becomes more ethnically and culturally diverse, the article notes increased international student enrollment. It argues that communication centers can better use their services to meet ELLs’ oral communication needs outside standard academic programs.\"}]","Communication Center Journal - Vol. 6 - No. 1 - 2020 - Enhancing Conversations with English Language Learners in Communication Centers | PDF",1792088384,35]