[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-136934-105":59,"doc-detail-136934-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","comix-report-christmas-analysis-of-social-contacts-in-the-uk-during-christmas-2020-2021","Comix Report Christmas - UK 2020至2021圣诞期间社交接触分析报告","","Analysis of reported social contacts in the UK during the Christmas period in 2020 and 2021 using CoMix social contact survey data. Reported contact rates among working-aged adults (18–59) were higher in early December 2020 than in the same period of 2021, driven mainly by work contacts, while older adults (60+) reported higher rates in 2021 before Christmas. Overall Christmas-period contact rates were broadly similar across both years, with post-Christmas changes related to lockdown and school closure.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/comix-report-christmas-analysis-of-social-contacts-in-the-uk-during-christmas-2020-2021/136934/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/comix-report-christmas-analysis-of-social-contacts-in-the-uk-during-christmas-2020-2021/136934.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Genevieve","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-19","2026-08-22",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":34},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"How did contact rates change from early December to Christmas in 2020 and 2021?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Contact rates were highest in early December and dropped during the Christmas period. In 2021, contacts remained low into early January, consistent with a national lockdown starting 6 January 2021.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"Were overall contact rates during the Christmas periods similar between 2020 and 2021?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Yes. Overall reported contact rates were similar during the Christmas periods of 2020 and 2021.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What age group differences were most notable before and during Christmas?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Working-aged adults (18–59) reported higher contact rates in early December 2020 than in 2021, mainly due to work contacts. In contrast, older adults (60+) reported higher contact rates in 2021 than in 2020 leading up to Christmas.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},136934,1787395572,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":34,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":39,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":129,"read_time":46},1374391974585,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","Descriptive analysis of social contacts in the UK during Christmas period in 2020 and 2021 from the CoMix social contact survey Report comparing contacts over Christmas  \nChristopher Jarvis, Amy Gimma, Kerry Wong, John Edmunds on behalf of CMMID COVID-19 Working Group, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine.  \nReport for SPI-M-O and SAGE, 01 February 2022 Data from  \n02 December 2020 to 18 January 2021 for 2020 Christmas  \n09 December 2021 to 19 January 2022 for 2021 Christmas  \nSummary  \n● The reported contact rates for working-aged adults ( 18-59) were somewhat higher in early December 2020 than in the same period of 2021 , mainly attributable to higher rates of work contacts. However, older adults (60+) reported contact rates were higher in 2021 than 2020 in the run-up to Christmas.  \n● Overall reported contact rates were similar during the Christmas periods of 2020 and 2021.  \n● The post-Christmas period of 2022 has seen a return to pre-Christmas levels of contact. This was not observed in the post-Christmas period last year as the third national lockdown was instigated.  \n● Patterns of childhood mixing appear to be similar prior to and during the Christmas periods of both years but also differed in the post-Christmas period as the lockdown also included school closure.  \n● Home contacts have remained fairly constant throughout the periods studied. Contacts with non-household members within the home did appear to increase for the over 60s in both years, with somewhat larger increases this year compared to last (particularly in the over 70s) .  \n● The over 60s (and particularly the over 70s) did appear to report higher rates of “other” (mostly social and leisure) contacts in the run-up to Christmas this year compared to last.  \nMain  \nWe compared mean reported contacts during and surrounding the Christmas periods of 2020 and 2021. The time periods are referred to as early December (prior to Christmas) , Christmas, and early January (post-Christmas) . The exact date ranges, number of participants, and reported mean contacts for all participants and adults ( 18+) are given in Table 1. At least 5 ,000 participants reported their contacts in each of the analysis periods. Time periods were selected to include at least two panels of participants (approx 2 weeks) and to follow the planned school breaks prior to and after Christmas. The “Christmas”period coincided with the school vacation period in both years.  \nOverall patterns of reported contacts  \nThe highest levels of contacts were reported during early December (Table 1) in 2020. Reported contacts dropped during the Christmas period and remained low in early January 2021 consistent with the national lockdown that commenced on the 6th January 2021.  \nDuring Christmas 2021 , reported contacts dropped during the Festive period but in early January 2022 returned to similar levels to those observed during early December 2021.  \nReported contacts were lower in early December in 2021 compared to 2020. The Christmas period of 2020 and 2021 are very consistent, with the same estimates of mean daily reported contacts to 1dp for both years. Early January 2021 is somewhat lower than 2022 as would be expected as schools were open and there were fewer restrictions in the latter period, although, the highest levels seen overall were reported in Early December 2020 (Table 1) .  \n\n| Time period | Start date | End date | Participants | Mean contacts | Mean contacts ( 18+) |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Early December 2020 | 02/ 12/2020 | 15/12/2020 | 5 ,992 | 4.6 | 3.4 |\n| Christmas 2020 | 20/12/2020 | 05/01/2021 | 9 ,291 | 2.7 | 2.5 |\n| Early January 2021 | 05/01/2021 | 18/01/2021 | 5 ,031 | 2.5 | 2.3 |\n| Early December 2021 | 09/12/2021 | 21/ 12/2021 | 6 , 115 | 3.5 | 2.8 |\n| Christmas 2021 | 22/ 12/2021 | 04/01/2022 | 7 ,474 | 2.7 | 2.5 |\n| Early January 2022 | 06/01/2022 | 19/01/2022 | 7 ,235 | 3.9 | 2.8 |\n\nTable 1: Time periods used for analysis, number of participants ","cbCaiplLAF4D7E54","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiplLAF4D7E54","pdf",983981,"English","# Summary\n## Overall contact-rate patterns\n## Age- and location-specific patterns\n## Childhood mixing and school-related effects\n## Home and non-household contacts","[{\"question\":\"How did contact rates change from early December to Christmas in 2020 and 2021?\",\"answer\":\"Contact rates were highest in early December and dropped during the Christmas period. In 2021, contacts remained low into early January, consistent with a national lockdown starting 6 January 2021.\"},{\"question\":\"Were overall contact rates during the Christmas periods similar between 2020 and 2021?\",\"answer\":\"Yes. Overall reported contact rates were similar during the Christmas periods of 2020 and 2021.\"},{\"question\":\"What age group differences were most notable before and during Christmas?\",\"answer\":\"Working-aged adults (18–59) reported higher contact rates in early December 2020 than in 2021, mainly due to work contacts. In contrast, older adults (60+) reported higher contact rates in 2021 than in 2020 leading up to Christmas.\"}]","Comix Report Christmas - UK 2020至2021圣诞期间社交接触分析报告 | PDF"]