[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-detail-336995-en":59,"doc-seo-336995-105":81},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":60},{"doc_id":61,"user_id":62,"nickname":63,"user_avatar":64,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":66,"doc_content":67,"file_id":68,"file_url":69,"file_type":70,"file_size":71,"view_count":29,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":72,"language":73,"language_code":74,"site_id":75,"html_lang":74,"table_of_contents":76,"faqs":77,"seo_title":78,"seo_description":66,"update_tm":79,"read_time":80},336995,1374391974468,"Eden","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_29158cc5080c5b710cf443261637dec0","Combining Phototherapy and Gold-Based Nanomaterials: A Breakthrough in Basal Cell Carcinoma Treatment - review","Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common skin cancer worldwide, driven by intertwined environmental, phenotypic, and genetic influences that shape disease progression and the tumor microenvironment. Conventional options such as surgery and topical therapies show variable effectiveness and can cause significant, often debilitating adverse effects, creating a need for safer alternatives. This review analyzes literature from 2014–2024, focusing on photothermal therapy (PTT) combined with gold-based nanomaterials, especially gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), as a minimally invasive strategy. Evidence indicates improved cancer-cell targeting and selective tumor ablation, with reported tumor reductions exceeding 50% and occasional complete elimination. Main side effects include localized skin irritation and transient hyperpigmentation, generally minimal and manageable. By leveraging AuNP properties to amplify PTT efficacy, the approach aims to improve clinical outcomes while reducing collateral damage and advancing BCC research knowledge. Ongoing research and clinical trials remain essential for refining protocols and confirming therapeutic validity.","Review  \nCombining Phototherapy and Gold-Based Nanomaterials: A Breakthrough in Basal Cell Carcinoma Treatment  \nKarolyne Silva Baioco 1, Raquel Pereira 1, Tânia Ferreira-Gonçalves 1,2, João M. P. Coelho 2, Maria Manuela Gaspar 1,2 and Catarina Pinto Reis 1,2, *  \nCitation: Baioco, K.S.; Pereira, R.; Ferreira-Gonçalves, T.; Coelho, J.M.P.; Gaspar, M.M.; Reis, C.P. Combining Phototherapy and Gold-Based Nanomaterials: A Breakthrough in Basal Cell Carcinoma Treatment. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 11494. [https://](https://)[ ](https://)[doi.org/10.3390/ijms252111494](doi.org/10.3390/ijms252111494)  \nAcademic Editor: Silvana Alfei  \nReceived: 30 July 2024  \nRevised: 20 October 2024  \nAccepted: 22 October 2024  \nPublished: 26 October 2024  \nCopyright: © 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ([https://](https://)[ ](https://)[creativecommons.org/licenses/by/](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[ ](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[4.0/](4.0/)) .  \n1 Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; [silvabaiocokarolyne@gmail.com](silvabaiocokarolyne@gmail.com) (K.S.B.);  \n[ana.raquel1705@gmail.com](ana.raquel1705@gmail.com) (R.P.); [tsgoncalves@ciencias.ulisboa.pt](tsgoncalves@ciencias.ulisboa.pt) (T.F.-G.);  \n[manuelagaspar@campus.ul.pt](manuelagaspar@campus.ul.pt) (M.M.G.)  \n2 Instituto de Biofísica e Engenharia Biomédica (IBEB), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal; [jmcoelho@ciencias.ulisboa.pt](jmcoelho@ciencias.ulisboa.pt)  \n* Correspondence: [catarinareis@ff.ulisboa.pt](catarinareis@ff.ulisboa.pt); Tel.: +351-217-946-400 (ext. 14244)  \nAbstract: Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common type of skin carcinoma worldwide. BCC development is the result of a complex interaction between environmental, phenotypic, and genetic factors. While conventional treatments such as surgery and topical therapies have demonstrated variable efficacy (some of them with limited efficacy), they are not free of adverse side effects, most of them debilitating. Thus, there is a notable gap in the literature regarding alternative and non-invasive therapeutic options. This review aims to address this gap, exploring the potential of photothermal therapy (PTT) combined with metallic nanoparticles, namely gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), as a minimally invasive treatment approach. Through a comprehensive review of the literature in the period from 2014 to 2024, using experimental investigations, this review seeks to elucidate the intricate interplay between genetic factors, environmental influences, and the tumor microenvironment in BCC disease progression, with PTT as a potential therapeutic strategy. Those studies confirmed an enhanced targeting of cancer cells and selective ablation of tumor tissue, using emerging technologies like PTT. A significant tumor reduction, often exceeding 50%, was observed, with some studies reporting complete elimination of the tumor. The main adverse effects noted were localized skin irritation and transient hyperpigmentation, but these were generally minimal and manageable, highlighting the promise of PTT as an effective treatment. Thus, by leveraging the unique properties of AuNPs to enhance the effectiveness of PTT, the targeting of cancer cells canmore precisely occur, reducing collateral damage to healthy tissues. This approach not only aims to achieve better clinical results, but also contributes to the broader knowledge base in the field of BCC research. Continued research and clinical trials will be crucial in refining those techniques and validating their efficacy, ultimately paving the way for more effective and less invasive treatments for BCC.  \nKeywords: skin cancer; basal cell carcinoma; photothermal therapy; gold nanop","cbCaiiO9PMR8QKRf","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiiO9PMR8QKRf","pdf",1620822,18,"English","en",105,"# Abstract\n# Background\n## Skin structure and relevance to dermatology\n## Basal cell carcinoma epidemiology and public health impact\n## Gaps in noninvasive therapy research\n## Drivers of BCC development and limitations of current knowledge","[{\"question\":\"Why is an alternative to conventional basal cell carcinoma treatments needed?\",\"answer\":\"Conventional therapies like surgery and topical treatments show variable efficacy and often involve adverse side effects. This creates a literature gap for safer, non-invasive options with improved effectiveness.\"},{\"question\":\"What therapy combination does this review focus on?\",\"answer\":\"The review focuses on photothermal therapy (PTT) combined with metallic nanoparticles, particularly gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). The goal is minimally invasive treatment by enhancing therapeutic targeting and tumor ablation.\"},{\"question\":\"What outcomes and side effects are reported for PTT with gold nanoparticles?\",\"answer\":\"Studies report enhanced targeting of cancer cells and selective ablation, with tumor reduction frequently exceeding 50% and some reports of complete tumor elimination. Noted adverse effects are mainly localized skin irritation and transient hyperpigmentation, typically minimal and manageable.\"}]","Combining Phototherapy and Gold-Based Nanomaterials: A Breakthrough in Basal Cell Carcinoma Treatment - review | PDF",1790017344,45,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"ok",{"site_id":75,"language":74,"slug":84,"title":65,"keywords":85,"description":66,"schema_data":86,"social_meta":140,"head_meta":142,"extra_data":144,"updated_unix":145},"combining-phototherapy-and-gold-based-nanomaterials-a-breakthrough-in-basal-cell-carcinoma-treatment-review","",{"@graph":87,"@context":139},[88,102,122],{"@type":89,"itemListElement":90},"BreadcrumbList",[91,95,97,100],{"item":92,"name":93,"@type":94,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":96,"name":9,"@type":94,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":98,"name":35,"@type":94,"position":99},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":101,"name":65,"@type":94,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/combining-phototherapy-and-gold-based-nanomaterials-a-breakthrough-in-basal-cell-carcinoma-treatment-review/336995/",{"url":101,"name":65,"@type":103,"image":104,"author":109,"headline":65,"publisher":111,"fileFormat":114,"inLanguage":74,"description":66,"dateModified":115,"datePublished":116,"encodingFormat":114,"isAccessibleForFree":117,"interactionStatistic":118},"DigitalDocument",{"url":105,"@type":106,"width":107,"height":108},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/combining-phototherapy-and-gold-based-nanomaterials-a-breakthrough-in-basal-cell-carcinoma-treatment-review/336995.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":63,"@type":110},"Person",{"url":92,"name":112,"@type":113},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-28","2026-09-21",true,{"@type":119,"interactionType":120,"userInteractionCount":29},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":121},"ViewAction",{"@type":123,"mainEntity":124},"FAQPage",[125,131,135],{"name":126,"@type":127,"acceptedAnswer":128},"Why is an alternative to conventional basal cell carcinoma treatments needed?","Question",{"text":129,"@type":130},"Conventional therapies like surgery and topical treatments show variable efficacy and often involve adverse side effects. This creates a literature gap for safer, non-invasive options with improved effectiveness.","Answer",{"name":132,"@type":127,"acceptedAnswer":133},"What therapy combination does this review focus on?",{"text":134,"@type":130},"The review focuses on photothermal therapy (PTT) combined with metallic nanoparticles, particularly gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). The goal is minimally invasive treatment by enhancing therapeutic targeting and tumor ablation.",{"name":136,"@type":127,"acceptedAnswer":137},"What outcomes and side effects are reported for PTT with gold nanoparticles?",{"text":138,"@type":130},"Studies report enhanced targeting of cancer cells and selective ablation, with tumor reduction frequently exceeding 50% and some reports of complete tumor elimination. Noted adverse effects are mainly localized skin irritation and transient hyperpigmentation, typically minimal and manageable.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":101,"og:type":141,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":112,"og:description":66},"article",{"robots":143,"canonical":101},"index,follow",{"doc_id":61,"site_id":75},1790653503]