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Cognition and personality may influence habit-related actions, yet their specific contributions to older adults’ habit formation and switching remain unclear. This study examined 125 healthy adults (ages 60–87) using a computerized habit learning and habit switching task alongside measures of personality, cognition, mood, and motivational factors. Cognitive and psychological variables significantly predicted habit learning accuracy and behavioural flexibility, informing strategies for promoting healthy habits.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/cognitive-personality-and-psychological-associations-of-habit-formation-and-change-in-ageing-research-findings/427426/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/cognitive-personality-and-psychological-associations-of-habit-formation-and-change-in-ageing-research-findings/427426.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Asher","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-16","2026-09-29",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":19},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is the main research question of the study?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The study investigates how cognitive, psychological, and personality factors relate to habit formation and habit change in older adults.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How were participants assessed?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Participants completed a computerized habit learning phase and a habit switching phase, plus assessments of personality, cognitive function, mood, and single-item measures of motivation, enjoyment, and satisfaction.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"Which factors were associated with better habit learning accuracy and switching performance?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Lower age, faster processing speed, better executive function, more enjoyment and motivation, and lower depression related to improved habit learning accuracy. Better verbal recognition memory, higher conscientiousness, higher apathy, and faster discrimination accuracy were linked to better switching from habitual to goal-directed responding.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},427426,1790797181,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":19,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":8,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":81},687197207639,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_a8503ba1806abce46bf441b54a3ca4cd","634 Innovation in Aging, 2025, Vol. 9, No. S2  \nSESSION 4580 (PAPER)  PSYCHOSOCIAL RESILIENCE AND BEHAVIORAL HEALTH PATHWAYS IN AGING  \nAbstract citation ID: igaf122.2168  \nCOGNITIVE, PERSONALITY AND PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATIONS OF HABIT FORMATION AND  \nCHANGE IN AGEING  \nAnangsha Pathak1, Daniel Hermens1, Daniel Fassnacht2, Thomas Pace1, Sanne de Wit3, and Sophie Andrews1,  \n1. University of the Sunshine Coast Thompson Institute, Birtinya, Queensland, Australia, 2. University of the Sunshine Coast, Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia, 3. University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Noord-Holland, Netherlands  \nAll behaviour can be influenced by automatic, contextdependent habits. The ability to form and modify these habits is crucial for healthy ageing. Whilst cognition and personality can impact habit-related behaviours, their specific roles remain unclear. This study aimed to explore the relationships between cognitive, psychological, and personality factors in habit formation and change among older adults. A total of 125 healthy adults (Mage = 72.8, range = 60–87 years, SD =7.25, 50.4% female) participated. Participants completed a computerised task comprising a habit learning phase and a habit switching phase (Symmetrical Outcome Revaluation Task), along with assessments of personality (IPIP-NEO), cognitive function (HVLT, Trails B), mood (DASS-21), and single-item scales for motivation, enjoyment, and satisfaction. Backward stepwise structural equation modelling was conducted and yielded an overall good model fit (indicated by, for example, the Comparative Fit Index =.956, reflecting the proportion of variance explained compared to a baseline model, with values above 0.90 indicating a good fit). The analysis revealed that cognitive and psychological factors significantly influenced habit learning and behavioural flexibility. Specifically, lower age, faster processing speed, better execute function, more enjoyment, motivation and lower depression was associated with improved habit learning accuracy (R² = .3). Additionally, better verbal recognition memory, higher conscientiousness, apathy and faster discrimination accuracy were linked to better performance in switching from habitual to goal-directed responding (R² = .11). These findings suggest that a combination of cognitive and psychological factors influence habit learning and behaviour change, with important implications for promoting healthy habits in ageing.","cbCaiuHhA393CRYM","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiuHhA393CRYM","pdf",591885,"English","# Study aim and rationale\n## Participants and measures\n## Habit learning and switching task\n## Statistical modelling and results\n## Implications for healthy ageing","[{\"question\":\"What is the main research question of the study?\",\"answer\":\"The study investigates how cognitive, psychological, and personality factors relate to habit formation and habit change in older adults.\"},{\"question\":\"How were participants assessed?\",\"answer\":\"Participants completed a computerized habit learning phase and a habit switching phase, plus assessments of personality, cognitive function, mood, and single-item measures of motivation, enjoyment, and satisfaction.\"},{\"question\":\"Which factors were associated with better habit learning accuracy and switching performance?\",\"answer\":\"Lower age, faster processing speed, better executive function, more enjoyment and motivation, and lower depression related to improved habit learning accuracy. Better verbal recognition memory, higher conscientiousness, higher apathy, and faster discrimination accuracy were linked to better switching from habitual to goal-directed responding.\"}]","Cognitive, Personality and Psychological Associations of Habit Formation and Change in Ageing - Research Findings | PDF",1790643819]