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This systematic review summarizes clinical characteristics and elucidates molecular mechanisms reported in spinal cord injury patients with bladder cancer to support clinicians in recognizing and managing this population. Searches across PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase were assessed with the Newcastle-Ottawa scale, and the review was registered in PROSPERO.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/clinical-characteristics-and-molecular-mechanisms-underlying-bladder-cancer-in-individuals-with-spinal-cord-injury-a-systematic-review/332078/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/clinical-characteristics-and-molecular-mechanisms-underlying-bladder-cancer-in-individuals-with-spinal-cord-injury-a-systematic-review/332078.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Eliana","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-03","2026-09-21",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":52},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is the main aim of this systematic review?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"To review the clinical characteristics and molecular mechanisms of bladder cancer in individuals with spinal cord injury, helping clinicians recognize and manage these patients.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"Which databases and methods were used to search the literature?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase were searched using predefined retrieval terms; eligible studies were quality- and bias-assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale, with PROSPERO registration.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What were the key findings about bladder cancer in SCI patients?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Bladder cancer mortality and incidence were higher than in the general population, the most frequent pathological type was squamous cell carcinoma, and molecules such as NO and MiR 1949, as well as Rb1, were implicated.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},332078,1790154813,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":52,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},4398048949847,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/400002536579ef2da7f?_k=1778318612642679267","Wang et al. BMC Urology (2024) 24:111 [https://doi.org/10.1186/s12894-024-01457-0](https://doi.org/10.1186/s12894-024-01457-0)  \nBMC Urology  \nRESEARCH Open Access  \nClinical characteristics and molecular mechanisms underlying bladder cancer in individuals with spinal cord injury:  \na systematic review  \nXin-Lei Wang 1, Yi-Xuan Wang2, Jun-Zhi Chen 1, Xin-Yu Liu 1, Xing Liu 1, Qi-Kai Zhong 1, Zi-Lin Zhao 1, Zhen-Duo Shi 1,3,4,5* and Cong-Hui Han 1,4,5*  \nAbstract  \nBackground Patients with spinal cord injury have a relatively high risk for bladder cancer and often complicated with bladder cancer in advanced stages, and the degree of aggressiveness of malignancy is high. Most of the literature is based on disease clinical features while, our study reviews the clinical characteristics and molecular mechanisms of spinal cord injury patients with bladder cancer, so that it might help clinicians better recognize and manage these patients.  \nMethod We searched PubMed, Web of Science and Embase, using retrieval type like (“Neurogenic Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction” OR“Spinal cord injury” OR“Spinal Cord Trauma”) AND (“bladder cancer” OR “bladder neoplasm” OR“bladder carcinoma” OR“Urinary Bladder Neoplasms” OR“Bladder Tumor”) . In Web of Science, the retrieval type was searched as “Topic”, and in PubMed and Embase, as “All Field”. The methodological quality of eligible studies and their risk of bias were assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. This article is registered in PROSPERO with the CBD number: CRD42024508514 .  \nResult In WOS, we searched 219 related papers, in PubMed, 122 and in Embase, 363. Thus, a total of 254 articles were included after passing the screening, within a time range between 1960 and 2023. A comprehensive analysis of the data showed that the mortality and incidence rates of bladder cancer in spinal cord injury patients were higher than that of the general population, and the most frequent pathological type was squamous cell carcinoma. In parallel to long-term urinary tract infection and indwelling catheterization, the role of molecules such as NO, MiR 1949 and Rb 1. was found to be crucial pathogenetically.  \nXin-Lei Wang, Yi-Xuan Wang and Jun-Zhi Chen contributed equally to this work.  \n*Correspondence:  \nZhen-Duo Shi [156675834@qq.com](156675834@qq.com)[ ](156675834@qq.com)Cong-Hui Han [hanchdoctor@st.btbu.edu.cn](hanchdoctor@st.btbu.edu.cn)  \nFull list of author information is available at the end of the article  \n© The Author(s) 2024. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit [http://creativecommons.org/l](http://creativecommons.org/l)icenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ([http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/](http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/)) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.  \nWang et al. BMC Urology (2024) 24:111 Page 2 of 11  \nConclusion This review highlights the risk of bladder cancer in SCI patients, comprehensively addressing the clinical characteristics and related molecular mechanisms. However, given that there are few studies on the molecular mechanisms of bladder cancer in spinal cord injury, further research","cbCailyuXJtnkNMl","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCailyuXJtnkNMl","pdf",1336482,11,"English","# Abstract\n## Background\n## Method\n## Result\n## Conclusion\n# Introduction\n## Epidemiology and pathology of bladder cancer in SCI","[{\"question\":\"What is the main aim of this systematic review?\",\"answer\":\"To review the clinical characteristics and molecular mechanisms of bladder cancer in individuals with spinal cord injury, helping clinicians recognize and manage these patients.\"},{\"question\":\"Which databases and methods were used to search the literature?\",\"answer\":\"PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase were searched using predefined retrieval terms; eligible studies were quality- and bias-assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale, with PROSPERO registration.\"},{\"question\":\"What were the key findings about bladder cancer in SCI patients?\",\"answer\":\"Bladder cancer mortality and incidence were higher than in the general population, the most frequent pathological type was squamous cell carcinoma, and molecules such as NO and MiR 1949, as well as Rb1, were implicated.\"}]","Clinical characteristics and molecular mechanisms underlying bladder cancer in individuals with spinal cord injury - a systematic review | PDF",1789996648,28]