[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-501728-105":59,"doc-detail-501728-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","climate-change-policies-and-technologies-diffusion-and-interaction-with-institutions-and-governance-no-3027","Climate change policies and technologies - diffusion and interaction with institutions and governance - No 3027","","Climate change is a global structural shift affecting economies worldwide, alongside fragmentation, digitalisation, and demographic change. This working paper examines how climate change policies and technologies diffuse and how institutions and governance shape that process. Using theory, models, and available data, it studies empirical evidence for 20 EU members and all 40 OECD countries covered by the Environmental Policy Stringency index, showing that institutions and governance significantly increase both speed and spread of diffusion.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/climate-change-policies-and-technologies-diffusion-and-interaction-with-institutions-and-governance-no-3027/501728/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/climate-change-policies-and-technologies-diffusion-and-interaction-with-institutions-and-governance-no-3027/501728.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"miaandmiso","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-17","2026-10-03",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":29},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What does the paper analyze about climate change policies and technologies?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"It analyzes the diffusion of climate policies and technologies and the role played by institutions and governance in that diffusion process.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How are mitigation and adaptation distinguished in the paper?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Mitigation focuses on limiting or controlling climate change, while adaptation concerns coping with and dealing with its fallout.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What do the results indicate about institutions and governance?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Higher quality institutions and governance are associated with a greater speed and spread of diffusion of climate policies and technologies, and separating those effects is important for assessing the green transition.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},501728,1791375717,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":29,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},7971478544854,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_994ba38a5ba835b3df7d355c54d3ed8d","Vincent Labhard, Jonne Lehtimäki  \nWorking Paper Series  \nClimate change policies and technologies: diffusion and interaction with institutions and governance  \nNo 3027  \nDisclaimer: This paper should not be reported as representing the views of the European Central Bank (ECB) . The views expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the ECB.  \nAbstract  \nClimate change is a global-scale structural change, affecting economies across the world, alongside global fragmentation, digitalisation and demographics. This paper analyses the diffusion of climate policies and technologies and the role of institutions and governance in that process. It discusses theory, models and data available to date, and the empirical evidence for the 20 European Union and all 40 countries covered by the OECD’s Environmental Policy Stringency index. The results indicate that institutions and governance have significant effects towards a greater speed and spread of diffusion of climate policies and technologies, and that separating the speed and spread effects is essential for assessing the green transition.  \nKeywords: adaptation, mitigation, renewability, sustainability, transition  \nJEL codes: E02, O11, Q20, Q55, Q58  \nNon-Technical Summary  \nWhile changes in local climate have been observed since ancient times, the study of climate change as a global phenomenon is relatively recent, with its roots in the 19th century. Since then, however, helped by the development of models and methods to solve them since the 1970s, research into climate change, its causes and consequences as well as how to combat and slow it down, has intensified. Nowadays, climate change is widely acknowledged to be a key challenge for humanity that may require action at all levels - individual, local, regional, national and global with participation of both private and public sectors, as well as academia.  \nThe challenges from climate change are becoming progressively more acute. The data show that the change in trends of temperatures and atmospheric conditions are materialising with increasing clarity. At the same time, extreme weather events and episodes are snowballing in intensity, frequency and duration, and are affecting greater and greater areas of the planet. Critically, the speed and spread of climate change increasingly appears to be such that it is now experienced and observable within a human lifetime and all around the world.  \nThe key concern in relation to climate change is, of course, how soon (and with what speed) the challenge may be tackled. The logic behind this concern is very simple - the faster and more comprehensive the response, the sooner the challenge can be addressed, and the greater the chances of the consequences being contained and subdued before becoming cataclysmic and causing fundamental changes to the planet’s capacity of sustaining life as we know it.  \nTwo aspects relevant for possible action against climate change are being considered in this paper-climate change policies and technologies. Climate change technologies can be related to renewable energy, more efficient use of energy, to the reduction of energy requirements or greener methods for achieving goals. Climate change policies include taxes and subsidies on certain types of energy or emissions, as well as rules and regulations relating to the environmental impact of human activities.  \nThe paper follows a distinction usually being made between policies and technologies that are about mitigation and those that are about adaptation. Mitigation is about limiting climate change, or at least controlling it, while adaptation is about coping and dealing with the fallout from climate change. The reason for the distinction is that speed and spread of diffusion may differ between mitigation and adaptation efforts, and so may the respective role of institutions and governance.  \nThe paper tries to assess how fast and how far those policies and technologies are diffusi","cbCaieu1AVyR3l0M","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaieu1AVyR3l0M","pdf",2661351,43,"English","# Non-Technical Summary\n## Climate change as a global challenge\n## Policy and technology focus: mitigation vs adaptation\n## Diffusion mechanisms and governance role\n# 1 Introduction","[{\"question\":\"What does the paper analyze about climate change policies and technologies?\",\"answer\":\"It analyzes the diffusion of climate policies and technologies and the role played by institutions and governance in that diffusion process.\"},{\"question\":\"How are mitigation and adaptation distinguished in the paper?\",\"answer\":\"Mitigation focuses on limiting or controlling climate change, while adaptation concerns coping with and dealing with its fallout.\"},{\"question\":\"What do the results indicate about institutions and governance?\",\"answer\":\"Higher quality institutions and governance are associated with a greater speed and spread of diffusion of climate policies and technologies, and separating those effects is important for assessing the green transition.\"}]","Climate change policies and technologies - diffusion and interaction with institutions and governance - No 3027 | PDF",1791023864,108]