[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-290149-105":59,"doc-detail-290149-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","classifying-circumnutation-in-pea-plants-via-supervised-machine-learning","Classifying Circumnutation in Pea Plants via Supervised Machine Learning","","Climbing plants use external support to grow upward and improve light acquisition, while support searching relies on oscillatory growth called circumnutation. Although circumnutation has been extensively studied mechanistically, how it is controlled during support searching is not fully resolved. This study tests simulation-based supervised machine learning to capture movement-pattern differences embedded in real kinematical data. Classifiers accurately discriminate circumnutation patterns associated with the presence or absence of support, and identify junction-level kinematic features beneath tendrils as strong indicators, supporting machine learning as a tool for interpreting plant movement.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/classifying-circumnutation-in-pea-plants-via-supervised-machine-learning/290149/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/classifying-circumnutation-in-pea-plants-via-supervised-machine-learning/290149.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Jiven","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-02","2026-09-17",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":52},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What biological process is the study centered on?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The study focuses on circumnutation, the oscillatory movement climbing plants use while searching for external support.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How does the research use supervised machine learning?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Supervised classifiers are trained to learn and distinguish circumnutation movement patterns linked to the presence versus absence of a support.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"Which movement features are identified as most informative?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The work highlights distinctive kinematic features at the junction underneath the tendrils as a superior indicator for discerning whether a support is present.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},290149,1789640802,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":52,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":129,"read_time":41,"preview_page_count":4},1099513958607,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/100002390cf8733938c?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1778829742770036399","plants   \nArticle  \nClassifying Circumnutation in Pea Plants via Supervised Machine Learning  \nQiuran Wang 1, *, Tommaso Barbariol 2, Gian Antonio Susto 2, Bianca Bonato 1, Silvia Guerra 1 and Umberto Castiello 1  \nCitation: Wang, Q.; Barbariol, T.; Susto, G.A.; Bonato, B.; Guerra, S.; Castiello, U. Classifying Circumnutation in Pea Plants via Supervised Machine Learning. Plants 2023, 12, 965. [https://doi.org/](https://doi.org/)[ ](https://doi.org/)[10.3390/plants12040965](10.3390/plants12040965)  \nAcademic Editor: Frantisek Baluska  \nReceived: 6 January 2023  \nRevised: 13 February 2023  \nAccepted: 16 February 2023  \nPublished: 20 February 2023  \nCopyright: © 2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ([https://](https://)[ ](https://)[creativecommons.org/licenses/by/](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[ ](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[4.0/](4.0/)) .  \n1 Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, 35132 Padova, Italy  \n2 Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy  \n* Correspondence: [qiuran.wang@gmail.com or qiuran.wang@phd.unipd.it](qiuran.wang@gmail.com or qiuran.wang@phd.unipd.it)  \nAbstract: Climbing plants require an external support to grow vertically and enhance light acquisition. Climbers that find a suitable support demonstrate greater performance and fitness than those that remain prostrate. Support search is characterized by oscillatory movements (i.e., circumnutation), in which plants rotate around a central axis during their growth. Numerous studies have elucidated the mechanistic details of circumnutation, but how this phenomenon is controlled during support searching remains unclear. To fill this gap, here we tested whether simulation-based machine learning methods can capture differences in movement patterns nested in actual kinematical data. We compared machine learning classifiers with the aim of generating models that learn to discriminate between circumnutation patterns related to the presence/absence of a support in the environment. Results indicate that there is a difference in the pattern of circumnutation, depending on the presence of a support, that can be learned and classified rather accurately. We also identify distinctive kinematic features at the level of the junction underneath the tendrils that seems to be a superior indicator for discerning the presence/absence of the support by the plant. Overall, machine learning approaches appear to be powerful tools for understanding the movement of plants.  \nKeywords: plant movement; circumnutation; machine learning; classification; kinematics  \n1. Introduction  \nWhen observing plants, they seem relatively immobile, stuck to the ground in rigid structures. But for careful observers, as Darwin was in the 19th century, it is quite clear that plants do produce movement. Darwin was fascinated by the graceful movements oftwining plants revolving in large arcs, winding around a support, and forming a helical tube of tissue. He described this movement as “a continuous self-bowing of the whole shoot, successively directed to all points of the compass” [1] and later named this movement circumnutation [2] .  \nCircumnutation is a common phenomenon in plants but is exaggerated in twining stems. By circumnutating, twiners increase the probability of encountering a support to grow vertically and enhance light acquisition. Vines that find a suitable support have greater performance and fitness than those that remain prostrate [3,4] . Therefore, locating a suitable support is a key process in the life history of climbing plants. Numerous studies on climbing plant behavior have elucidated mechanistic details of support searching and attachment [e.g., 3] . This body of research relies chiefly on field observations reporting on morphological or physiological responses [4], as well as on ","cbCaimJsbZJoMh5j","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaimJsbZJoMh5j","pdf",10347455,12,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction","[{\"question\":\"What biological process is the study centered on?\",\"answer\":\"The study focuses on circumnutation, the oscillatory movement climbing plants use while searching for external support.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the research use supervised machine learning?\",\"answer\":\"Supervised classifiers are trained to learn and distinguish circumnutation movement patterns linked to the presence versus absence of a support.\"},{\"question\":\"Which movement features are identified as most informative?\",\"answer\":\"The work highlights distinctive kinematic features at the junction underneath the tendrils as a superior indicator for discerning whether a support is present.\"}]","Classifying Circumnutation in Pea Plants via Supervised Machine Learning | PDF"]